Three-dimensional Ultrasound of the Fetal Brain

Abstract Three-dimensional ultrasound is the most innovating and attracting modality in the field of ultrasound imaging and represents a superb tool to perform an accurate fetal neuroscan. Once the fetal brain has been scanned, it is then possible to “navigate” in the stored volume choosing among the multiple scanning planes on the three orthogonal spatial axes. Last generation 3D equipments have multiple software facilities which are extremely useful to correctly evaluate the fetal brain such as the multiplanar view, the tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI), the volume contrast imaging in the C plane (VCI-C plane), the volume calculation, the surface rendering, the 3D color and power Doppler. Thanks to these imaging modalities it is possible to evaluate the finest anatomical details of the developing brain and to increase the diagnostic accuracy when an abnormal sonographic finding of the fetal brain is recognized during the routine examination.

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Three-dimensional Sonography in the Assessment of Normal Fetal Anatomy in Late Pregnancy

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1145 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 217-231

Author(s):

Badreldeen Ahmed ◽

Ulrich Honemeyer

Keyword(s):

Continuous Wave ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Research Field ◽

Surface Rendering ◽

Volume Data ◽

Data Set ◽

3D Volume ◽

Color And Power Doppler

Abstract Three-dimensional, multiplanar sonography, using a volume data set acquired with a 3D probe, has revolutionized ultrasonographic imaging and takes sonographers to a new perception of the fetus in 3 dimensions. Real time scanning, until the late nineties only possible in B-mode, can now be performed in 3D with up to 40 frames/sec. Fetal neurology emerged as a new perinatal research field with the 4D visualization of fetal behavior. Doppler ultrasound, diversified and refined from continuous wave and pulsed Doppler to Color – and Power Doppler, when added to 3D sonography, creates fascinating options of noninvasive fetal vascular mapping (sonoangiography) and vascular assessment of placenta. The diagnostic and demonstrative potential of an acquired 3D volume data set can be maxed with the help of postprocessing and rendering software. After storage, the evaluation of fetal 3D data sets can happen without the patient, with the option of specialist consultation, using telemedicine. In the article, the new 3D “modes” like surface rendering, maximum mode, 3D Color and Power Doppler, STIC, volume rendering, and glass body rendering, are described and illustrated in their display of normal fetal anatomy.

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Advanced Obstetrical and Gynecological Ultrasound: Imaging with New Technologies

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1270 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 51-65

Author(s):

Ulrich Honemeyer

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Obstet Gynecol ◽

New Technologies ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Surface Rendering ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Case Presentations

ABSTRACT Since, ultrasound was introduced as diagnostic tool in obstetrics and gynecology by Professor Ian Donald 6 decades ago, realtime imaging has become the most common sonographic technique used in obstetrics and gynecology. When uncertain findings on real-time gray scale during two-dimensional sonography require further evaluation, advanced techniques are often necessary. Such advanced techniques include color and power Doppler, three- and four-dimensional ultrasound and techniques of volume manipulation (rendering), such as surface and maximum mode, magic cut, volume calculation (VOCAL), NICHE mode, and -as latest innovation, HD flow (Doppler) and HD life surface rendering. The authors would like to illustrate by means of a series of images and case presentations, how these new diagnostic tools find their clinical application in the daily routine of care in obstetrics and gynecology. How to cite this article Honemeyer U, Kurjak A. Advanced Obstetrical and Gynecological Ultrasound: Imaging with New Technologies. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):51-65.

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Three-dimensional Evaluation of the Fetal Brain

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1532 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 268-275

Author(s):

Ritsuko K Pooh

Keyword(s):

Molecular Genetics ◽

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Vertical Section ◽

Perinatal Care ◽

3D Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fetal Brain ◽

3D Ultrasound ◽

Transvaginal Sonography ◽

Contrast Imaging

ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound is one of the most attractive modalities in the field of fetal ultrasound imaging. Combination of both transvaginal sonography and 3D ultrasound may be a great diagnostic tool for evaluation of 3D structure of fetal central nervous system (CNS). Recent advanced 3D ultrasound equipments have several useful functions, such as surface anatomy imaging; multiplanar imaging of the intracranial structure; tomographic ultrasound imaging of fetal brain in the any cutting section; bony structural imaging of the calvaria and vertebrae; thick slice imaging of the intracranial structure; simultaneous volume contrast imaging of the same section or vertical section of fetal brain structure; volume calculation of target organs, such as intracranial cavity, ventricle, choroid plexus, and intracranial lesions; and 3D sonoangiography of the brain circulation (3D power or color Doppler). Furthermore, recent advanced technologies, such as HDlive silhouette and HDlive flow are quite attractive modalities and they can be applied for neuroimaging. Up-to-date 3D technologies described in this study allow extending the detection of congenital brain maldevelopment, and it is beyond description that noninvasive direct viewing of the embryo/fetus by all-inclusive ultrasound technology is definitely the first modality in a field of fetal neurology and helps our goal of proper perinatal care and management, even in the era of molecular genetics and advanced sequencing of fetal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the maternal blood. As a future aspect, collaboration of both molecular genetics and 3D neuroimaging will reveal responsible gene mutation of neuronal migration disorder, and this fetal neuro-sono-genetics will be able to contribute to accurate diagnoses, proper management, possible genetic therapy, and prophylaxis. How to cite this article Pooh RK. Three-dimensional Evaluation of the Fetal Brain. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(4):268-275.

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Using Flow Characteristics in Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound Imaging to Predict Complete Responses in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine ◽

10.7863/ultra.16.02078 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 887-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wei-Chung Shia ◽

Yu-Len Huang ◽

Hwa-Koon Wu ◽

Dar-Ren Chen

Keyword(s):

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Flow Characteristics ◽

Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Doppler Ultrasound Imaging

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Quantitative analysis of normal fetal brain volume and flow by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association ◽

10.1016/j.jcma.2013.05.006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 76 (9) ◽

pp. 504-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ju-Chun Hsu ◽

Yi-Cheng Wu ◽

Peng-Hui Wang ◽

Hsing-I Wang ◽

Chi-Mou Juang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Brain Volume ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fetal Brain ◽

Power Doppler Ultrasound

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Predictive Value of Three-Dimensional Transvaginal Sonography for Staging of Endometrial Neoplasia

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography ◽

10.1177/8756479318794177 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 496-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos M. Fernandez ◽

Elliot M. Levine ◽

Morteza Dini ◽

Kimberly Bannon ◽

Stacy Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Case Series ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Transvaginal Sonography ◽

Contrast Imaging ◽

Successful Prediction ◽

Computer Aided Analysis

The goal of this study was to compare the sonographic assessment of endometrial cancer diagnosis and staging using three-dimensional transvaginal sonography with the staging that was ultimately found at surgery. Three-dimensional transvaginal sonography was performed for 20 consecutive cases of presumptive endometrial cancer using power Doppler angiography, virtual organ computer-aided analysis, and volume contrast imaging. These results were compared with the surgical staging found for those identified cases. The sonographic findings predicted the correct minimum endometrial cancer staging in 100% of the 20 cases that were examined and correlated to surgical outcomes. The successful prediction of endometrial cancer staging demonstrated by others was replicated in the organization of this case series. The findings compared favorably with other imaging modalities used for this purpose. This study assists in demonstrating the value of using presurgical three-dimensional sonography to plan for the optimal surgical excision and overall treatment of endometrial cancer.

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