Oral Hygiene Pattern observed in Primary School Children as Reported by Their Mother: A Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACT Objective The study was conducted to determine the oral hygiene pattern in primary school children as reported by their mother through questionnaire used in epidemiological studies. Materials and methods The study was conducted by Department of Pedodontic and Preventive Children Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. The children received dental examinations, and their mothers were interviewed at home. The gold standard for oral hygiene was the simplified oral hygiene index. The mothers answered questions related to their child's oral hygiene, including daily tooth brushing, tooth brushing before sleeping and the combination of the two (oral hygiene). These responses were dichotomized into regular and irregular. The validity was determined by calculating the percentages and respective 95% confidence intervals for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Results The overall prevalence of dental plaque was 38.3%. Just over half (54.6%) of the children were boys. Approximately, 80% of the mothers reported that their children brushed their teeth twice or more per day; however, 42.7% of the children presented oral hygiene pattern considered irregular. Plaque was higher among those with an irregular daily brushing pattern (49.8%, 95% CI 43.5; 56.1) and irregular oral hygiene (42.2%, 95% CI 37.7; 46.6) than among those in the regular categories. Conclusion Oral hygiene questions answered by mothers of primary school going children are not an appropriate substitute for direct oral hygiene assessment by the clinical examination of dental plaque. How to cite this article Dwivedi S, Mittal M, Vashisth P, Jaiswal D, Arora S. Oral Hygiene Pattern observed in Primary School Children as Reported by Their Mother: A Longitudinal Study. World J Dent 2012;3(4):308-312.

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Evaluation of Various Oral Hygiene Instruction Methods on Effectiveness of Tooth-brushing in Primary School Children

Myanmar Health Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.34299/mhsrj.00953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 233-238

Keyword(s):

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Baseline Data ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Oral Hygiene Instruction ◽

Group 1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate various oral hygiene instruction methods on effectiveness of tooth-brushing in primary school children. This study was performed in three randomized primary schools (Baka-5, Baka-12, Baka-7; similar in socioeconomic and schooling condition) of Pyigyitagon Township, Mandalay. A baseline data collection (involving plaque score and gingival score) was done for 150 children (age 5 years±6 months) from three schools. They were divided into three groups (Group 1=50, Group 2=50, Group 3=50) from each school. Group 1 was given oral hygiene instruction by audiovisual (multimedia) methods and supervised tooth-brushing by an adult involved in front of mirror. Group 2 was given oral hygiene instruction by using cartoon flip charts and artificial giant tooth-brushing model (TBM). Group 3 got oral hygiene instruction verbally with the use of educational posters conventionally. All three groups were given additional oral hygiene instruction in similar manner, respectively, once per month two times. After 2 months of giving different oral hygiene instructions, the plaque scores and gingival scores were recollected from all groups and compared with baseline data. This study demonstrated that oral hygiene instruction by audiovisual methods and supervised tooth-brushing by an adult involved in front of mirror had greater effectiveness of adopting correct tooth-brushing (p<0.05, ANOVA) and reducing dental plaque and gingival scores in primary school children. Young children can learn and applied health education instructions effectively by using understandable educational cartoon videos than other conventional methods used for adults. Necessity of supervision by guiding the correct tooth-brushing with a feedback showing in a mirror should be noted.

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Relationship between Oral Hygiene and Dietary Behaviour and Dental Caries Status in Primary School Children

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.15294/kemas.v13i3.13314 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 411-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara M Mohamed Nbaia ◽

Ari Yuniastuti ◽

Dyah Rini Indriyanti

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Dietary Behavior ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Produce Acid

Tooth decay can be caused by bacteria that live in the mouth. These bacteria feed on food leftovers in the teeth and produce acid. This acid destroys the enamel layer, dentine layer, and pulp. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors of dental caries in primary school children. The subjects of this study were 77 students of SD Sendangmulyo 1 Semarang. We used questionnaires, diagnoses, and interviews for data collection. For data analysis, we used descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the most common dental caries risk factor in primary school children was sugar consumption. Up to 72% of children agreed to bring packed meal, 90.7% were used to have a breakfast, 80% used to clean their mouth every day, 70.7% clean their mouth after meals, 64% brush their teeth after eating candy, and 89.3 % brush their teeth before going to bed. There is a relationship between oral hygiene and dietary behavior and dental caries status of primary school children. In conclusion, there is a relationship between oral hygiene and dietary behavior and dental caries status of primary school children.

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Language Education and primary school children: the story of using stories

International Journal of Action Research ◽

10.3224/ijar.v15i2.05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2-2019) ◽

pp. 157-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christina Nicole Giannikas

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Action Research ◽

Primary School ◽

Language Learning ◽

Language Learners ◽

School Children ◽

Research Study ◽

Language Education ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Western Greece

The present study concentrates on the development of interactive skills in the L2 and the pedagogical aspects of Young Language Learners’ (YLLs) through the use of story telling. Such an approach reveals the benefits of encouraging creativity in learning and, as a result, captures the dynamics of the classroom and the progress of the learner. The data derives from an Action Research study carried out as part of a longitudinal study in South Western Greece, where storytelling is a neglected language learning source. The research concentrates on YLLs of a Beginners level, aged 7-9 years old. The results show the advantageous use of Action Research as a tool of intervention to apply necessary change in language teaching contexts.

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Emerging Behavioral Flexibility in Loop Writing: A longitudinal study in 7- to 9-Year-Old Primary School Children

Motor Control ◽

10.1123/mc.2015-0077 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 195-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ida M. Bosga-Stork ◽

Jurjen Bosga ◽

Ruud G.J. Meulenbroek

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Behavioral Flexibility ◽

Primary School Children

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Tongue Microbiota Composition and Dental Caries Experience in Primary School Children

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.01252-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Daixi Zhang ◽

Toru Takeshita ◽

Michiko Furuta ◽

Shinya Kageyama ◽

Mikari Asakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Elderly Adults ◽

Content Type ◽

History Of

ABSTRACT The tongue microbiota of elderly adults is composed of two cohabiting commensal groups and their ratios are related to the number of teeth with dental caries experience. In this study, the variation in the tongue microbiota of primary school children and its relationship with the dental caries experience were investigated. We examined the tongue microbiota of 138 children aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years (61 and 77 children, respectively) who underwent annual dental examinations. The bacterial composition was determined by sequencing the V1-V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cooccurrence network analysis indicated two groups of cohabiting predominant commensals in the tongue microbiota of children. The microbiota in children without a history of dental caries showed significantly higher relative abundances of one of the cohabiting groups, primarily composed of Neisseria subflava, Porphyromonas pasteri, and Fusobacterium periodonticum, compared to that in children with a history of dental caries, which is consistent with that of elderly adults with fewer teeth with dental caries experience. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) further identified Streptococcus oralis subsp. dentisani, belonging to the aforementioned commensal group, as a discriminant species in children without dental caries experience aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years. Our results describe the tongue microbiota composition of primary school children without history of dental caries and support the possibility that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota. IMPORTANCE Dental caries is now considered to be caused by acids produced by the overall dental plaque microbiota rather than by specific pathogens. This study focused on the relationship between dental caries experience and the variations in tongue microbiota, which is adjacent but separate from the dental plaque microbiota. Our results demonstrated that the tongue microbiota of primary school children with no history of dental caries experience was composed of predominant commensals with different relative abundances compared to those present in children with dental caries experience, suggesting that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota. The maintenance of a healthy tongue microbiota may indirectly contribute to the prevention of dental caries.

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