Body Fluids, IV Fluids, Blood Products and Blood Transfusion Reaction

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
P Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Blood Products

scholarly journals Transfusion Reactions in Pediatric Patients: An Analysis of 5 Years of Hemovigilance Data From a National Center for Children's Health in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Guo ◽  
Xiaohuan Wang ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Mengjian Wang ◽  
Shanshan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Frozen Plasma ◽  
Transfusion Reactions

Objective: This study aimed to describe transfusion reactions of pediatric patients from a National Center for Children's Health in China and to examine reaction incidents, reaction types by blood transfusion, and the associated blood products resulting in transfusion reactions.Methods: We compared transfusion reaction rates, among platelets, plasma, and red blood cells (RBCs) using a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients treated with blood transfusion based on data from the National Center for Children's Health (Beijing, China) by a hemovigilance reporting system from January 2015 to December 2019.Results: Over the past 5 years, 165 reactions were reported, and the overall incidence was 1.35‰ (95% CI: 1.14–1.55‰; 165/122,652); for each separate year, the incidences were 1.25‰ (95% CI: 0.76–1.74‰; 25/20,035; 2015), 1.09‰ (95% CI: 0.65–1.52‰; 24/22,084; 2016), 1.66‰ (95% CI: 1.14–2.18‰; 39/23,483; 2017), 1.36‰ (95% CI: 0.92–1.81‰; 36/26,440; 2018) and 1.34‰ (95% CI: 0.93–1.75‰; 41/30,610; 2019). Transfusion reaction incidents by person included 0.37‰ (95% CI: 0.21–0.53‰; 21/56,815) RBCs, 2.98‰ (95% CI: 2.33–3.64‰; 79/26,496) platelets and 1.65‰ (95% CI: 1.25–2.05‰; 65/39,341) frozen plasma. According to the analysis by blood products, the incidence of transfusion was 0.34‰ (95% CI: 0.20–0.48‰; 23/66,958) for RBCs, 3.21‰ (95% CI: 2.50–3.92‰; 78/24,318.5) for platelets, and 0.94‰ (95% CI: 0.71–1.17‰; 64/67,912) for frozen plasma. Transfusion reactions were most commonly associated with platelets, followed by plasma and RBC transfusions. The types of blood transfusion reactions were mainly allergic reactions (86.67%) and febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs, 4.24%). The disease types of pediatric patients with transfusion reactions were concentrated among those with blood system diseases. A total of 80.61% of children with transfusion reactions had a previous blood transfusion history.Conclusions: Transfusion reactions are still relatively common in pediatric patients, and additional studies are necessary to address the differences in reaction rates, especially allergic and FNHTRs. Robust hemovigilance systems do include a special section dedicated to children will further the understanding of these reactions and trends, and prospective randomized clinical controlled trials may need to be conducted to perform preventive and corrective measures.

scholarly journals Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction - A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Rajay A. D. Kamath ◽  
Kiran V. Neswi ◽  
Shiva Bharani K.S.N. ◽  
M.A. Giri Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Cross Matching ◽  
Hematological Tests

Abstract Blood transfusion is the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously. Transfusions are used in a variety of medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood. Transfusions of blood products are associated with several complications, many of which can be grouped as immunological or infection. Acute hemolytic reactions occur with transfusion of red blood cells and are due to destruction of donor erythrocytes by preformed recipient antibodies. Most often this occurs due to clerical” errors or improper typing and cross matching. Delayed hemolytic reactions occur more frequently and are due to the same mechanism as in acute hemolytic reactions. However, the consequences are generally mild and a great proportion of patients may not have symptoms. However, evidence of hemolysis and falling hemoglobin levels may still occur. Treatment is generally not needed, but due to the presence of recipient antibodies, future compatibility may be affected. Hereby we share our experience of such a case of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction and discussing the various measures to be taken during any such incidence and the biochemical and hematological tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Blood products are used to treat a multitude of diseases, so the blood transfusion system needs to be enhanced. CRISPR/Cas9 has made it viable to make HLA class I-deleted blood products to avoid rejection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
Class I ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Expiry Date ◽  
Ips Cell

In adults, normal hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow, producing leukocytes, red blood cells, and platelets. Recently, megakaryocytes have been found in mouse lungs and spleen, where they release platelets by blood flow force. Blood products are used to treat a multitude of diseases and conditions that generate cytopenia. The blood transfusion system must be enhanced due to a drop in blood donors due to low birth rate and changing attitudes among young people, pathogen contamination, and rising demand due to chronic blood diseases that are prevalent among the elderly. Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, may proliferate in vitro indefinitely and are a prospective source for blood transfusions to replace blood donations.Platelet preparations can be maintained at room temperature to sustain platelet function, but only have a statutory expiry date of five days. Platelets are anucleate cells, thus irradiation before blood donation can lessen the risk of iPS cell infection. Effective treatment requires HLA-compatible platelet transfusions, although supply limits often leave patients underserved. CRISPR/Cas9 has made it viable to make HLA class I-deleted blood products to avoid rejection and lower the odds of platelet-expressed human leukocyte antigen Class I cancer-causing iPS cells (HLA-I). This article discusses the production of megakaryocyte cell lines, bioreactors, and scale-up cultures, as well as identifying viable drugs in manufacturing. HLA-null, iPSC-derived platelet products' universal potential will also be explored.

Splenic platelet-sequestration following routine blood transfusion is reduced by filtered/washed blood products

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bareford ◽  
S. T. Chandler ◽  
R. J. Hawker ◽  
N. Jackson ◽  
M. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Routine Blood

scholarly journals Optimal blood transfusion therapy in haemoglobinopathies

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Porter
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Iron Loading ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Thalassaemia Intermedia

For reasons of time, this short talk will be confined to the optimal frequency, timing, indications and dosing of blood transfusion. Blood transfusion protocols in thalassaemia syndromes are more widely agreed (1) than for sickle disorders but questions still remain about optimal Hb levels, timing and frequency. In transfusion thalassaemia thalassaemias (TDT) , the purpose of blood transfusion is to maximise quality of life by correcting anaemia and suppressing ineffective erythropoiesis, whilst minimising the complications of the transfusion itself. Under-transfusion will limit growth and physical activity while increasing intramedullary and extra-medullary erythroid expansion. Over transfusion may cause unnecessary iron loading and increased risk of extra-hepatic iron deposition however. Although guidelines imply a ‘one size fits all’ approach to transfusion, in reality this is not be the case. Indeed a flexible approach crafted to the patient’s individual requirements and to the local availability of safe blood products is needed for optimal outcomes. For example in HbEβ thalassaemias, the right shifted oxygen dissociation curve tends to lead to better oxygen delivery per gram of Hb than in β thalassaemia intermedia with high Hb F. Patients with Eβthal therefore tend to tolerate lower Hb values than β thalassaemia intermedia. Guidelines aim to balance the benefits of oxygenation and suppression of extra-medullary expansion with those of excessive iron accumulation from overtransfusion. In an Italian TDT population, this balance was optimised with pre-transfusion values of 9.5-10.5g/dl (2). However this may not be universally optimal because of different levels of endogenous erythropoiesis with different genotypes in different populations. Recent work by our group (3) suggests that patients with higher levels of endogenous erythropoiesis, marked by higher levels of soluble transferrin receptors, at significantly lower risk of cardiac iron deposition than in those where endogenous erythropoiesis is less active, as would be the case in transfusion regimes achieving higher levels of pre-transfusion Hb. In sickle cell disorders, the variability in the phenotype between patients and also within a single patient at any given time means that the need for transfusion also varies. A consideration in sickle disorders, not usually applicable to thalassaemia syndromes, is that of exchange transfusion versus simple top up transfusion. Exchanges have the advantages of lower iron loading rates and more rapid lowering of HbS%. Disadvantages of exchange transfusion are of increased exposure to blood products with inherent increased risk of allo-immunisation or infection, requirement for better venous access for adequate blood flow, and requirements for team of operators capable of performing either manual or automated apheresis, often at short notice. Some indications for transfusion in sickle disorders are backed up by randomised controlled data, such as for primary and secondary stroke prevention, or prophylaxis of sickle related complications for high-risk operations (4). Others are widely practiced as standard of care without randomised data, such as treatment of acute sickle chest syndrome. Other indications for transfusion, not backed up by randomised studies, but still widely practiced in selected cases, include the management of pregnancy, leg ulceration or priapism and repeaed vaso-occlusive crises. Allo-immunisation is more common in sickle patients than in thalassaemia disorders and hyper-haemolysis is a rare but growing serious problem in sickle disorders. It is arguable that increased use of transfusion early in life, is indicated to decrease silent stroke rates and that early exposure to blood will decease red cell allo-immunisation rates.

Transient Blood Transfusion Reaction Masquerading As a Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder Mimicking Acute Leukemia Cutis

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (29) ◽  
pp. e751-e753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuebo Gan ◽  
Michi M. Shinohara ◽  
Misha Rosenbach ◽  
David Elder ◽  
Noelle Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

scholarly journals DIFFERENCES IN CHANGES OF HEMOGLOBIN BETWEEN 6-12 HOURS AND 12-14 HOURS AFTER TRANSFUSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Rosita Linda ◽  
Devita Ninda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Frozen Plasma ◽  
Hemoglobin Measurement ◽  
Baseline Hemoglobin

Each year more than 41,000 blood donations are needed every day and 30 million blood components are transfused. Blood products that can be transfused include Packed Red Cells (PRC), Whole Blood (WB), Thrombocyte Concentrate (TC), Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP). Monitoring Hemoglobin (Hb) after transfusion is essential for assessing the success of a transfusion. The time factor after transfusion for Hemoglobin (Hb) examination needs to be established, analyze to judge the success of a blood transfusion which is performed. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in changes of hemoglobin between 6-12 hours, and 12-24 hours after-transfusion. This study was retrospective observational using secondary data. The subjects were patients who received PRC, and WBC transfusion. At 6-12, and 12-24 hours after-transfusion, hemoglobin, RBC, and hematocrit were measured. Then the data were analyzed by unpaired t-test. The collected data included the results of the Hb pre-transfusion, 6-12, and 12-24 hours after-transfusion. The subjects of this study were 98 people. The administration of transfusion increased by 10-30% in hemoglobin concentration at 6-12 hours after-transfusion. While at 12-24 hours after-transfusion, hemoglobin after-transfusion increased 15-37% from the baseline. Hemoglobin values were not different at any of the defined after-transfusion times (p = 0.76 (p>0.05)). Hemoglobin values were not different at 6-12 hours, and 12-24 hours after-transfusion.    Keywords: Hemoglobin, measurement, after-transfusion 

scholarly journals Anti-Lan Antibodies: A Rare Etiology of Severe Blood Transfusion Reaction

Cureus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purva Sharma ◽  
Sukesh Manthri ◽  
Emily Patterson ◽  
Bahaaeldin Youssef ◽  
Kanishka Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Transfusion Reaction

scholarly journals A SARS-CoV-2-pandémia hatása a vérkészítmény-felhasználásra a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (43) ◽  
pp. 1717-1723
Author(s):  
Sándor Pál ◽  
Barbara Réger ◽  
Tamás Kiss ◽  
Hussain Alizadeh ◽  
András Vereczkei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Product ◽  
Patient Blood Management ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Blood Management ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
The Impact

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A COVID–19-világjárvány betegellátásra gyakorolt hatása hazánkban is jelentős. A vérellátást nehezítette a járványügyi intézkedések következményeként a véradási események elmaradása, a csökkent véradási hajlandóság, továbbá a nehezen megítélhető vérkészítményigény . A „Patient Blood Management” irányelveinek az orvosi gyakorlatban történő egyre szélesebb körű alkalmazása elősegíti az optimális vérkészítmény-felhasználást a transzfúziók lehetőség szerinti elkerülésével. Célkitűzés és módszer: Vizsgálatunk célja a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Klinikai Központjának Janus Pannonius Klinikai Tömbjében a vérkészítmény-felhasználás változásainak felmérése volt a 2020. év első öt hónapjában. Eredmények: A járványügyi intézkedéseket követő időszakban szignifikánsan csökkent a hospitalizált betegeknek (34,08%), a transzfúziót igénylő betegeknek (39,69%) és a felhasznált vörösvérsejt-készítményeknek (46,41%) a száma, valamint az egy betegre jutó felhasznált vörösvérsejt-koncentrátum átlaga (2,61-ről 1,97-re) is. Közel 30%-os arányban csökkent a felhasznált friss fagyasztott plazma egységeinek és a thrombocytakoncentrátumoknak a száma is. Következtetés: A szigorú korlátozások életbe léptetését követően a nehézségek ellenére sikerült elegendő mennyiségű vérkészítményt biztosítani a betegeknek. Az Országos Vérellátó Szolgálat Pécsi Regionális Vérellátó Központja munkatársainak és a klinikusok erőfeszítéseinek köszönhetően a vérkészítményigény és -kínálat között új egyensúly alakult ki, mely megfelelő ellátást biztosított a feltétlenül szükséges transzfúziók kivitelezéséhez. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(43): 1717–1723. Summary. Introduction: The impact of COVID–19 pandemic on patient care is pronounced also in Hungary. Blood supply was hindered by the reduction of public blood donation events, the reduced willingness to donate, and the difficult predictability of blood product demand as a result of the epidemiological regulations. The wider application of Patient Blood Management guidelines in the medical practice will promote optimal blood product utilization by avoiding transfusions where possible. Objective and method: The aim of our study was to assess the changes in the usage of blood products in the first five months of 2020 at the Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Janus Pannonius Clinical Building. Results: In the period following the epidemiological measures, we found reduction in the number of hospitalized patients (34.08%), in the number of patients requiring transfusion (39.69%) and in the number of red blood cell products used (46.41%). The number of transfused red blood cell concentrates per patient was also significantly reduced (from 2.61 to 1.97) in this period. The number of transfused fresh frozen plasma units and platelet concentrates also decreased by approximately 30%. Conclusion: After the implementation of the strict restrictions, despite the difficulties, it was possible to provide patients with sufficient blood products. Due to the efforts of both the Regional Blood Transfusion Center of Pécs of the Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Service and of the clinicians, a new balance was established between the demand and the supply of blood products, which provided adequate care for the necessary transfusions. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(43): 1717–1723.

scholarly journals Gambaran Hasil Pemeriksaan HIV pada Darah Donor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Bagus Triatmojo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Voluntary Donor ◽  
Filter Test ◽  
Research Type

HIV cases in Jepara District in recent years have demanded the handling of several aspects simultaneously including the Blood Transfusion Unit (BTU). HIV can be transmitted through blood transfusion or other blood products. BTU of PMI Jepara Regency carries out recruitment of voluntary donor from Jepara society. The HIV examination as part of an IMLTD screening test is done for safety of donor blood. The HIV examination in all donor blood uses rapid and elisa method. Examination results are stated as reactive and non reactive. Research objective to find out the description of HIV examination results in donor blood at the BTU of PMI Kabupaten Jepara in 2019. Research method the research type was descriptive using records of donor data at BTU of PMI Kabupaten Jepara in 2019. The examination results of reactive HIV in 12 donor blood (0,08%). non-reactive blood donor of HIV  in age groups 18 years, 18-24, 25-44, 45-59, and ≥ 60 years respectively 9,55%, 22,39%, 51,75%, 16,01% and 0,21%. Reactive HIV in age groups 18-24, 25-44, and 45-59 years were 0,034%, 0,034%, and 0,13%. Non-reactive HIV in men 68,22% and in women 31,70%. Reactive HIV in men 0,07%, and women 0,01%. Non-reactive HIV in voluntary donor blood was 99,779% and substitute donor was 0,127%. HIV of reactive voluntary donor blood was 0,074%, and substitute donor was 0,007%. HIV filter test is indispensable for blood safety because the age, gender and blood type of donors have the potential for reactive HIV.

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