A Cell Holder for Simultaneous In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction and Electrochemical Studies: Part 1—Zinc in a Sodium Chloride Solution

SummaryMicroscopical and chemical studies of seaminess in Cheddar cheese revealed that the white lines or seams characteristic of the defect are sections through layers of crystals lying between the milled curd particles. The crystals were identified from their X-ray diffraction pattern and by their refractive index as calcium orthophosphate dihydrate, CaHPO4. 2H2O. On each side of the adjoining curd surfaces in affected cheese there is a zone about 20 μm thick of strongly contracted protein which is almost devoid of crystals.Adding sodium chloride to cheddared curd increased the quantities of calcium, phosphorus and water released. The increases were proportional to the amount of salt applied within the range 0–2·5 g NaCl per 100 g curd.The solubility of calcium orthophosphate was found to rise from about 0·0025 M in water to a maximum of 0·008M in 2 M sodium chloride solution.It is postulated that calcium and phosphate ions released from the curd into the seam crystallize in the form of CaHPO4. 2H2O as the solubility of the compound is lowered by diffusion of salt from the surfaces into the curd particles.

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THE INHIBITION EFFECT OF ZINC AND SILICATE IONS ON PITTING CORROSION INDUCED BY CERIUM(III) IONS OF CARBON STEEL IN SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x20500389 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2050038

Author(s):

QIONGWEI LI

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Pitting Corrosion ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Sodium Chloride Solution ◽

Corrosion Potential ◽

In Situ Observation ◽

Inhibition Effect ◽

Synergistic Inhibition

Pitting corrosion of carbon steel in sodium chloride solution induced by Ce[Formula: see text] and the synergistic inhibition effects of Ce[Formula: see text] and Zn[Formula: see text]/SiO[Formula: see text] were investigated using in-situ observation and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the presence of Ce[Formula: see text] could result in severe pitting corrosion and a positive shift in the corrosion potential. It was found that individual Ce[Formula: see text], Zn[Formula: see text], or SiO[Formula: see text] had low inhibition efficiencies, whereas the combination of Ce[Formula: see text] and Zn[Formula: see text] or SiO[Formula: see text] proved to be highly effective in inhibiting the development of pits in two different ways and in enhancing the corrosion resistance. The pitting corrosion and inhibition mechanisms were discussed based on the results.

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A Cell for In Situ X‐Ray Diffraction Based on Coin Cell Hardware and Bellcore Plastic Electrode Technology

Journal of The Electrochemical Society ◽

10.1149/1.1837447 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 144 (2) ◽

pp. 554-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

M. N. Richard ◽

I. Koetschau ◽

J. R. Dahn

Keyword(s):

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Coin Cell ◽

A Cell

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Peculiarities in structure formation and corrosion of cast quasicrystalline Al63Cu25Fe12 and Al63Co24Cu13 alloys in sodium chloride aqueous solution

Фізика і хімія твердого тіла ◽

10.15330/pcss.21.3.530-536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 530-536

Author(s):

O. V. Sukhova ◽

V. A. Polonskyy

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Sodium Chloride Solution ◽

Corrosion Potential ◽

Corrosion Current ◽

Corrosion Properties ◽

Free Corrosion Potential ◽

X Ray ◽

Marine Climate ◽

Potentiodynamic Method

In this work the structure and corrosion behavior of quasicrystalline cast Al63Cu25Fe12 and Al63Co24Cu13 alloys in 5-% sodium chloride solution (рН 6.9–7.1) were investigated. The alloys were cooled at 5 К/s. The structure of the samples was studied by methods of quantitative metallography, X-ray analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion properties were determined by the potentiodynamic method. The made investigations confirm the formation of stable quasicrystalline icosahedral (y) and decagonal (D) phases in the structure of Al63Cu25Fe12 and Al63Co24Cu13 alloys correspondingly. In 5-% sodium chloride solution, the investigated alloys corrode under electrochemical mechanisms with oxygen depolarization. Compared with Al63Cu25Fe12 alloy, Al63Co24Cu13 alloy has a less negative value of free corrosion potential (–0.43 V and–0.66 V, respectively), and its electrochemical passivity region extends due to the inhibition of anodic processes. A corrosion current density, calculated from (E,lgi)-curve, for Al63Co24Cu13 alloy amounts to 0.18 mА/сm2 and for Al63Cu25Fe12 alloy – to 0.20 mА/сm2. The lower corrosion resistance of Al63Cu25Fe12 alloy may be explained by the presence of iron-containing phases in its structure. Based on obtained results, the Al63Co24Cu13 alloy was recommended as a coating material for rocket-and-space equipment working in a marine climate.

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A cell forin situdynamic X-ray diffraction studies: application to the dehydration of zeolite SrX

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s0021889805000294 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 370-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H. Palancher ◽

C. Pichon ◽

B. Rebours ◽

J. L. Hodeau ◽

J. Lynch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temperature Gradient ◽

High Performance ◽

Sample Temperature ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Temperature Homogeneity ◽

A Cell

A new compact cell forin situsynchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of adsorption or catalysis reactions has been designed to enable high performance whilst minimizing difficulties in use. It includes a system for simple insertion and alignment of capillary samples and an original miniaturized furnace providing excellent temperature homogeneity along the sample (temperature gradient less than 1 K over a 6 mm zone at 530 K). The efficiency of this setup is illustrated byin situcharacterization of a zeolite (SrX) at four hydration levels.

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