The Image of Phoenicians and Carthaginians in Modern Spanish History and Culture I would like to thank the editor, Charo Rovira, for her patience, and Alison Keable for her assistance with English. This chapter forms part of the research project ‘Antigüedad, nacionalismos e identidades complejas en la historiografía occidental (1700–1900): los casos español, británico y argentino’ (MINECO HAR 2012-31736); see www.aniho.org ; (accessed 17 March 2017) ORCID0000-0001-7566-0482.

After a long period of scarce resources and a long delay in new scientific results suffered as a consequence of recent Spanish history, research concerning groups has experienced a rapid development over the last 15 years of the 20th century—the result of the late but then clear institutionalization of psychology into university structure. Although most research has been carried out at the very heart of social psychology and along the traditional lines of the field, a significant growth in the study of groups and work teams in organizational contexts can now be highlighted, coinciding with the tendency detected internationally during the last years. Beyond the normalization of group research in Spain, it is necessary to point out its excessive dependency in both theory and methodology on models and tools elaborated throughout North America and Europe. The present review closes with the proposal of creating a European formative curriculum for group psychologists in order to unify and promote research within this active and important field of psychology.

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Reflections on the Cognitive Interviewing Reporting Framework

Methodology ◽

10.1027/1614-2241/a000074 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 123-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gordon Willis ◽

Hennie Boeije

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Level Of Detail ◽

Cognitive Interviewing ◽

Research Groups ◽

Research Project ◽

Reporting Framework ◽

Full Explanation ◽

Key Steps

Based on the experiences of three research groups using and evaluating the Cognitive Interviewing Reporting Framework (CIRF), we draw conclusions about the utility of the CIRF as a guide to creating cognitive testing reports. Authors generally found the CIRF checklist to be usable, and that it led to a more complete description of key steps involved. However, despite the explicit direction by the CIRF to include a full explanation of major steps and features (e.g., research objectives and research design), the three cognitive testing reports tended to simply state what was done, without further justification. Authors varied in their judgments concerning whether the CIRF requires the appropriate level of detail. Overall, we believe that current cognitive interviewing practice will benefit from including, within cognitive testing reports, the 10 categories of information specified by the CIRF. Future use of the CIRF may serve to direct the overall research project from the start, and to further the goal of evaluation of specific cognitive interviewing procedures.

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