Managing Cyber-Security In An International Financial Institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S885-S885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehan Budak ◽  
Eneyi E Kpokiri ◽  
Emily Abdoler ◽  
Joseph Tucker ◽  
Brian Schwartz ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health problem, but the learning needs of the medical profession on this topic are not well understood. The World Health Organization has called for better educational resources on AMR. Thus, we aimed to identify AMR learning objectives for physicians and medical trainees. Methods We designed a modified, two-round Delphi process to build consensus around these objectives, recruiting attendees at a one-day, multidisciplinary, international AMR symposium. Through review of the literature and discussion with experts in AMR, we generated an initial list of 17 objectives. We asked participants to rate the importance of including each objective in an AMR curriculum for physicians on a 5-point Likert scale, which ranged from “do not include” (1) to “very important to include” (5). Consensus for inclusion was predefined as ≥ 80% of participants rating the objective ≥ 4. Results The first round was completed by 30 participants, and the second by 21. Nobody declined to participate, but several people had to leave between rounds. Participants included physicians, researchers, graduate students, and a pharmacist, foundation manager, patient advocate, leader of an international financial institution, health administrator, and biomedical scientist. After the first round, 16 objectives met the consensus criteria, and participants suggested five additional topics. After the second round, 12 objectives met the consensus criteria (see Table 1). Objectives related to treatment of AMR most frequently met consensus criteria. Specific objectives with the highest consensus ratings were related to identifying infections not requiring antibiotics and recognizing the importance of using the narrowest spectrum antibiotic for the shortest period of time. Conclusion We successfully employed a modified, one-day Delphi process at an international, multidisciplinary AMR symposium to build consensus among experts and stakeholders regarding key learning objectives for AMR. This technique may be useful for guideline committees and other taskforces in the Infectious Diseases community. Our generated list may be useful for those developing AMR training materials for medical students and physicians. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


Author(s):  
Mccormick Roger ◽  
Stears Chris

This chapter focuses on United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). UNCITRAL was created in 1966 by a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly. It was given a general mandate to further the progressive harmonization and unification of international trade law and regards itself as ‘the core legal body of the United Nations system in the field of international trade law’. UNIDROIT is an independent inter-governmental organization with 63 member states. The purposes of UNIDROIT are to ‘examine ways of harmonising and coordinating the private law of States and groups of States, and to prepare gradually for the adoption by the States of uniform rules of private law’. The EBRD is an international financial institution that supports projects in more than 30 countries to promote transition to a market economy.


Significance Cuba is working on many fronts to advance its international insertion after the breakthrough restoration of diplomatic ties with the United States. However, progress is gradual and uneven. A first agreement on Cuba's debt has been reached with the Paris Club, underscoring Cuba's interest in regaining access to financial markets. The Latin American Development Bank (CAF) is the first international financial institution to engage with Cuba, but broader cooperation still faces difficulties. Impacts The popular pope's visit will strengthen the Church's political position as Cuba's most important non-state institution. It will also add to pressure on the US Congress from the White House to lift sanctions. Cooperation with CAF and other bodies will require Cuba to supply transparent and comprehensive economic data -- mostly still lacking. Economic reform is likely to see major new liberalisation measures before the Communist Party congress scheduled for April 2016.


ITNOW ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Johanna Hamilton

Abstract Joseph Rose is a Senior Security Architect for a large financial institution. Johanna Hamilton AMBCS asks him about the challenges of cyber security for the decade and why humans pose more problems than quantum.


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