Time required to notify 9-1-1 with automated collision notification systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Alan J. Blatt, BS, MEng ◽  
Dietrich Von Kuenssberg Jehle, MD, FACEP ◽  
Anthony J. Billittier IV, MD, FACEP ◽  
David G. Wagner, MD ◽  
Jill Schleifer-Schneggenburger, BS, MEng
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Percent Confidence Interval ◽  
System A ◽  
Time Required

Background: Automated Collision Notification (ACN) systems reduce emergency response time to a vehicular crash by immediately alerting a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) of the collision and its details.Methods: An operational field test was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the ACN system: a total of 874 vehicles were equipped with ACN systems and, for a period of 29 months, all collisions involving these vehicles were included in a study of the automatic notification time. Fifteen collisions of ACN-equipped vehicles registered with a PSAP. Both the time for the ACN notification to be received and the time for a traditional method of notification to be received were recorded for each crash.Results: The ACN notified a PSAP of a collision in an average time of 74.2 seconds and between 79.9 and 456.1 seconds sooner than a traditional notification method (paired mean difference 95 percent confidence interval).Conclusion: The ACN system significantly improves emergency notification time to a motor vehicle crash.

Emergency Response Times for Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes, 1975–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (8) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Maria C. Cruz ◽  
Nicholas N. Ferenchak
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Response Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
National Trend

Emergency response times are an important component of road safety outcomes. Research has shown that there are potential benefits from shortened response times in patient outcomes for motor vehicle crashes. While a safety analysis may identify a decrease in traffic fatalities, that decrease may be a result of improved road safety or it may simply reflect improved emergency response times. However, it is currently unclear how emergency response times have changed over the last few decades. With data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), we identify the national trend in emergency response times from 1975 through 2017. To control for changes in response time, we analyze crashes that resulted in an immediate death. Results suggest that emergency response times have improved by approximately 50% over this timeframe. Additionally, we analyze response time trends in three states (North Carolina, Georgia, and Louisiana) that had consistent data and large sample sizes, finding patterns similar to the national trend. Outcomes suggest higher response times in rural areas. High standard deviations of average response times observed from 2003 to 2008 indicate a need for improvement in data collection. Future work could aim to better understand and reduce response times specific to certain regions and understand the effect of the popularization of cell phone usage. Our findings have important implications for fatality-based traffic safety analyses. Improving response time could help continue the trend of reduced mortality rates caused by motor vehicle crashes in the United States.

scholarly journals Association Between Emergency Medical Service Response Time and Motor Vehicle Crash Mortality in the United States

JAMA Surgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Byrne ◽  
N. Clay Mann ◽  
Mengtao Dai ◽  
Stephanie A. Mason ◽  
Paul Karanicolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Vehicle Crash ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Service Response Time

Modeling operators' emergency response time for chemical processing operations

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Susan L. Murray, PhD ◽  
Emrah Harputlu, MS ◽  
Ray A. Mentzer, PhD ◽  
M. Sam Mannan, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Industrial Engineering ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Corrective Actions ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Time Standard

Operators have a crucial role during emergencies at a variety of facilities such as chemical processing plants. When an abnormality occurs in the production process, the operator often has limited time to either take corrective actions or evacuate before the situation becomes deadly. It is crucial that system designers and safety professionals can estimate the time required for a response before procedures and facilities are designed and operations are initiated.There are existing industrial engineering techniques to establish time standards for tasks performed at a normal working pace. However, it is reasonable to expect the time required to take action in emergency situations will be different than working at a normal production pace. It is possible that in an emergency, operators will act faster compared to a normal pace. It would be useful for system designers to be able to establish a time range for operators' response times for emergency situations. This article develops a modeling approach to estimate the time standard range for operators taking corrective actions or following evacuation procedures in emergency situations. This will aid engineers and managers in establishing time requirements for operators in emergency situations.The methodology used for this study combines a well-established industrial engineering technique for determining time requirements (predetermined time standard system) and adjustment coefficients for emergency situations developed by the authors. Numerous videos of workers performing well-established tasks at a maximum pace were studied. As an example, one of the tasks analyzed was pit crew workers changing tires as quickly as they could during a race. The operations in these videos were decomposed into basic, fundamental motions (such as walking, reaching for a tool, and bending over) by studying the videos frame by frame. A comparison analysis was then performed between the emergency pace and the normal working pace operations to determine performance coefficients. These coefficients represent the decrease in time required for various basic motions in emergency situations and were used to model an emergency response. This approach will make hazardous operations requiring operator response, alarm management, and evacuation processes easier to design and predict. An application of this methodology is included in the article. The time required for an emergency response was roughly a one-third faster than for a normal response time.

Time-to-scene for opioid overdoses: are unmanned aerial drones faster than traditional first responders in an urban environment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
Connor Andrew Tukel ◽  
Matthew Ryan Tukel ◽  
Robert Jacob Weinbaum ◽  
Valerie H Mika ◽  
Phillip D Levy
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
Time Required

IntroductionOpioid overdoses claim tens of thousands of lives every year. Many of these deaths might be prevented if overdose-reversal medications such as naloxone are administered in a timely manner. Drones may help overcome barriers to timely arrival on scene for opioid overdoses. This study analyses the time required for a drone carrying naloxone to traverse various distances, simulating the response time for a drone to the scene of an opioid overdose. For comparison, we used the time required for ambulances to traverse similar distances while responding to the scene of actual or suspected opioid overdoses.MethodsFifty flight trials, using a modified Dà-Jiāng Innovations (DJI) ‘Inspire 2’ drone, were conducted across seven distances, and the travel time for the drone was then compared with historical response time data from 200 actual or suspected opioid overdose cases that occurred within Detroit, Michigan.ResultsWe determined with 95% certainty that drone arrival times were discernibly quicker than ambulance arrival times at all distances where sufficient data were available to perform statistical comparisons including 0.5 km, 1.0 km, 1.5 km, 2.0 km and 3.0 km.ConclusionWe have shown that a drone is capable of travelling several ranges of straight-line (ie, ‘as the crow flies’) distance faster than an ambulance. Further exploration into the use of drones to deliver life-saving therapies in urban and rural settings is warranted. Head-to-head prospective trials that consider the practical challenges of medical drone delivery are needed to better understand the viability of incorporating this technology into existing emergency response infrastructure.

Delayed Mesenteric Hematoma of the Sigmoid Colon Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Contrast Extravasation ◽  
Body Fracture ◽  
Mesenteric Hematoma ◽  
Level I ◽  
Hispanic Male ◽  
Trauma Bay

A 25-year-old Hispanic male was transferred to our level I trauma center after being ejected 40 feet from a motor vehicle crash. Once stabilized in the trauma bay, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen/pelvis with IV contrast revealed two AAST Organ Injury Scale grade III liver lacerations without contrast extravasation, bilateral pulmonary contusions, right posterior non-displaced fourth rib fracture, non-displaced right scapular body fracture, and bilateral anterior and posterior pelvic fractures [Figures 1–2]. A non-operative approach to the hepatic lacerations was chosen and the patient underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of his posterior pelvic fractures as well as anterior external fixation of his bilateral pubic rami fractures.

Experimental Application of Global Positioning system To Locate Motor Vehicle Crashes: Impact on Time and Accuracy

1998 ◽  
Vol 1625 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Miller ◽  
Duane Karr
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Gps Receivers ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Vehicle Crash ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Conventional Methods

Motor vehicle crash countermeasures often are selected after an extensive data analysis of the crash history of a roadway segment. The value of this analysis depends on the accuracy or precision with which the crash itself is located. yet this crash location only is as accurate as the estimate of the police officer. Global Positioning System (GPS) technology may have the potential to increase data accuracy and decrease the time spent to record crash locations. Over 10 months, 32 motor vehicle crash locations were determined by using both conventional methods and hand-held GPS receivers, and the timeliness and precision of the methods were compared. Local crash data analysts were asked how the improved precision affected their consideration of potential crash countermeasures with regard to five crashes selected from the sample. On average, measuring a crash location by using GPS receivers added up to 10 extra minutes, depending on the definition of the crash location, the technology employed, and how that technology was applied. The average difference between conventional methods of measuring the crash location and either GPS or a wheel ranged from 5 m (16 ft) to 39 m (130 ft), depending on how one defined the crash location. Although there are instances in which improved precision will affect the evaluation of crash countermeasures, survey respondents and the literature suggest that problems with conventional crash location methods often arise from human error, not a lack of precision inherent in the technology employed.

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