scholarly journals Relationships among the springtime ground–level NOx, O3 and NO3 in the vicinity of highways in the US East Coast

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Song ◽  
Jin Young Shin ◽  
Rafael Jusino‐Atresino ◽  
Yuan Gao
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us East Coast

scholarly journals A coastal hazards data base for the US East Coast

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Gornitz ◽  
T.W. White ◽  
R.C. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us East Coast

Modeling coastal tsunami hazard from submarine mass failures: effect of slide rheology, experimental validation, and case studies off the US East Coast

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphan T. Grilli ◽  
Mike Shelby ◽  
Olivier Kimmoun ◽  
Guillaume Dupont ◽  
Dmitry Nicolsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us East Coast

scholarly journals Predicting ocean waves along the US east coast during energetic winter storms: sensitivity to whitecapping parameterizations

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nabi Allahdadi ◽  
Ruoying He ◽  
Vincent S. Neary
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Source Terms ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
Wave Parameters ◽  
The Us ◽  
Wind Input ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Us East Coast

Abstract. The performance of two methods for quantifying whitecapping dissipation incorporated in the Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) wave model is evaluated for waves generated along and off the US east coast under energetic winter storms with a predominantly westerly wind. Parameterizing the whitecapping effect can be done using the Komen-type schemes, which are based on mean spectral parameters, or the saturation-based (SB) approach of van der Westhuysen (2007), which is based on local wave parameters and the saturation level concept of the wave spectrum (we use “Komen” and “Westhuysen” to denote these two approaches). Observations of wave parameters and frequency spectra at four National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys are used to evaluate simulation results. Model–data comparisons show that when using the default parameters in SWAN, both Komen and Westhuysen methods underestimate wave height. Simulations of mean wave period using the Komen method agree with observations, but those using the Westhuysen method are substantially lower. Examination of source terms shows that the Westhuysen method underestimates the total energy transferred into the wave action equations, especially in the lower frequency bands that contain higher spectral energy. Several causes for this underestimation are identified. The primary reason is the difference between the wave growth conditions along the east coast during winter storms and the conditions used for the original whitecapping formula calibration. In addition, some deficiencies in simulation results are caused along the coast by the “slanting fetch” effect that adds low-frequency components to the 2-D wave spectra. These components cannot be simulated partly or entirely by available source terms (wind input, whitecapping, and quadruplet) in models and their interaction. Further, the effect of boundary layer instability that is not considered in the Komen and Westhuysen whitecapping wind input formulas may cause additional underestimation.

The influence of the Gulf Stream induced SST gradients on the US East Coast winter storm of 24–25 January 2000

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 6145-6174 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Jacobs ◽  
S. Raman ◽  
G. M. Lackmann ◽  
P. P. Childs
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Stream ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Winter Storm ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us East Coast

scholarly journals Synoptic influences on springtime tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> and CO over the North American export region observed by TES

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3755-3776 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hegarty ◽  
H. Mao ◽  
R. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
East Coast ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
The North ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us East Coast

Abstract. The relationship between synoptic circulation patterns over the western North Atlantic Ocean in spring (March, April, and May) and tropospheric O3 and CO was investigated using retrievals from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) for 2005 and 2006. Seasonal composites of TES retrievals reprocessed to remove the artificial geographic structure added from the a priori revealed a channel of slightly elevated O3 (>55 ppbv) and CO (>115 ppbv) at the 681 hPa retrieval level between 30° N and 45° N extending from North America out over the Atlantic Ocean. Ozone and CO in this region were correlated at r=0.22 with a slope value of 0.13 mol mol−1 indicative of the overall impact of photochemical chemical processes in North American continental export. Composites of TES retrievals for the six predominant circulation patterns identified as map types from sea level pressure fields of the NCEP FNL analyses showed large variability in the distribution of tropospheric O3. Map types MAM2 and MAM3 featuring cyclones near the US east coast produced the greatest export to the lower free troposphere with O3>65 ppbv and a relatively well-defined O3-CO correlation (slope values near 0.20 mol mol−1). The ensembles of HYSPLIT backward trajectories indicated that the high O3 levels were possibly a result of pollutants lofted to the free troposphere by the warm conveyor belt (WCB) of a cyclone. An important finding was that pollutant export occurred in the main WCB branch to the east of the cyclone and in a secondary branch circling to the back of the cyclone center. Conversely, a map type featuring a large anticyclone dominating the flow over the US east coast (MAM6) restricted export with O3 levels generally <55 ppbv and CO levels generally <110 ppbv. There was also evidence of stratospheric intrusions particularly to the north of 45° N in the 316 hPa composites predominately for MAM1 which featured a large cyclone near Newfoundland. However, the concurrence of these intrusions with pollutant export, specifically in the southwestern North Atlantic Ocean, made it difficult to delineate their respective contributions to the 681 hPa O3 composites.

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