Biological maturation influences selection process in youth elite soccer players

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Massa ◽  
Alexandre Moreira ◽  
Renato A. Costa ◽  
Marcelo R. Lima ◽  
Carlos R. Thiengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Biological Maturation

scholarly journals Reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Greulich-Pyle protocol to estimate skeletal age among female adolescent soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri V. Faustino-da-Silva ◽  
Diogo V. Martinho ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Jorge Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Skeletal Age ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Skeletal age (SA) is considered the best method of assessing biological maturation. The aim of this study was to determine intra-observer (reproducibility) and inter-observer agreement of SA values obtained via the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method. In addition, the variation in calculated SAs by alternative GP protocols was examined. Methods The sample was composed of 100 Portuguese female soccer players aged 12.0–16.7 years. SAs were determined using the GP method by two observers (OB1: experience < 100 exams using GP; OB2: experience > 2000 exams using several methods). The radiographs were examined using alternative GP protocols: (wholeGP) the plate was matched to the atlas as an overall approach; (30-boneGP) bone-by-bone inspections of 30-bones; (GPpmb) bone-by-bone inspections of the pre-mature bones only. For the 30-boneGP and GPpmb approaches, SA was calculated via the mean (M) and the median (Md). Results Reproducibility ranged 82–100% and 88–100% for OB1 and OB2, respectively. Inter-observer agreement (100 participants multiplied by 30 bones) was 92.1%. For specific bones, agreement rates less than 90% were found for scaphoid (81%), medial phalange V (83%), trapezium (84%) and metacarpal V (87%). Differences in wholeGP SAs obtained by the two observers were moderate (d-cohen was 0.79). Mean differences between observers when using bone-by bone SAs were trivial (30-boneGP: d-cohen less than 0.05; GPpmb: d-cohen less than 0.10). The impact of using the mean or the median was negligible, particularly when analyses did not include bones scored as mature. Conclusion The GP appeared to be a reasonably reproducible method to assess SA and inter-observer agreement was acceptable. There is evidence to support a recommendation of only scoring pre-mature bones during later adolescence. Further research is required to examine whether these findings are consistent in younger girls and in boys.

scholarly journals Relationship between External and Internal Workloads in Elite Soccer Players: Comparison between Rate of Perceived Exertion and Training Load

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5174
Author(s):  
Alessio Rossi ◽  
Enrico Perri ◽  
Luca Pappalardo ◽  
Paolo Cintia ◽  
F. Iaia
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The use of machine learning (ML) in soccer allows for the management of a large amount of data deriving from the monitoring of sessions and matches. Although the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), training load (S-RPE), and global position system (GPS) are standard methodologies used in team sports to assess the internal and external workload; how the external workload affects RPE and S-RPE remains still unclear. This study explores the relationship between both RPE and S-RPE and the training workload through ML. Data were recorded from 22 elite soccer players, in 160 training sessions and 35 matches during the 2015/2016 season, by using GPS tracking technology. A feature selection process was applied to understand which workload features influence RPE and S-RPE the most. Our results show that the training workloads performed in the previous week have a strong effect on perceived exertion and training load. On the other hand, the analysis of our predictions shows higher accuracy for medium RPE and S-RPE values compared with the extremes. These results provide further evidence of the usefulness of ML as a support to athletic trainers and coaches in understanding the relationship between training load and individual-response in team sports.

scholarly journals The Relative Age Effect in Poland's Elite Youth Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Rubajczyk ◽  
Andrzej Rokita
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
National Team ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Biological Development

Abstract The relative age effect (RAE) is related to discrimination against youth athletes born in the last quarter of the calendar year. The current study presents research on the RAE in elite youth soccer players in Poland. Players in the Central Junior League (CLJ) finals represent 0.59% of the 25,756 players under 20 years old (U20). This study analyzed the post-game protocols of the CLJ knockout stage from the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons as well as the U17-U21 teams during 2015, including only players who played on the field for at least one minute (n = 395). The results revealed the existence of RAE in the examined groups ( CLJ 2013/2014, χ23 = 15.441, p < 0.01, CLJ 2014/2015, χ23 = 20.891, p < 0.001 U17-U21, χ23 = 25.110, p < 0.001). In addition, the results differed by monthly birth distribution in the Polish population (PP) between 1995 and 1999. This study is the first to examine the RAE in youth soccer in Poland. The occurrence of the RAE with regard to the most promising youth and national team players suggests that a similar effect exists among younger age categories. To reduce the RAE related to identifying soccer talent, tools should be implemented to optimize the player-selection process, such as those that consider the biological development of a player.

Modeling Developmental Changes in the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 in Elite Pubertal Soccer Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Deprez ◽  
Joao Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Manuel Coelho e Silva ◽  
Matthieu Lenoir ◽  
Renaat M. Philippaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Recovery Test ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Test Level

Purpose:To model the development of soccer-specific aerobic performance, assessed by the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 in 162 elite pubertal soccer players, age 11–14 y at baseline.Methods:Longitudinal multilevel modeling analyses comprised predictors related to growth (chronological age, body size [height and weight] and composition [fat mass, fat-free mass]), and motor coordination [3 Körperkoordination Test für Kinder subtests: jumping sideways, moving sideways, backward balancing] and estimated biological-maturation groups (earliest [>percentile 33] and latest maturers [>percentile 66]).Results:The best-fitting model on soccer-specific aerobic performance could be expressed as –3639.76 + 369.86 × age + 21.38 × age2 + 9.12 × height – 29.04 × fat mass + 0.06 × backward balance. Maturity groups had a negligible effect on soccer-specific aerobic performance (–45.32 ± 66.28; P > .05).Conclusion:The current study showed that the development of aerobic performance in elite youth soccer is related to growth and muscularity and emphasized the importance of motor coordination in the talentidentification and -development process. Note that biological maturation was excluded from the model, which might endorse the homogeneity in estimated biological-maturation status in the current elite pubertal soccer sample.

scholarly journals Premier League academy soccer players’ experiences of competing in a tournament bio-banded for biological maturation

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 757-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean P. Cumming ◽  
Daniel J. Brown ◽  
Siobhan Mitchell ◽  
James Bunce ◽  
Dan Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Biological Maturation

scholarly journals Body Physique, Body Composition, Physical Performance, Technical and Tactical Skills, Psychological Development, and Club Characteristics of Young Male Portuguese Soccer Players: The INEX Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3560
Author(s):  
Maryam Abarghoueinejad ◽  
Daniel Barreira ◽  
Cláudia Dias ◽  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Age Related

Youth soccer performance is multifaceted, includes physical growth, biological maturation, and physical fitness, and is linked to the sporting environment to which the players are exposed. We aim to describe age-related associations in body physique, body composition, physical performance technical and tactical skills, psychological and club characteristics of male soccer players aged 12 to 14 years. A total of 157 male soccer players clustered into three age-cohorts (12, 13 and 14 years) were recruited from six soccer clubs. Anthropometric, body composition and body physique, biological maturation, physical performance, skill/game proficiency data, psychological characteristics, and clubs’ characteristics were collected. Group means were compared using analysis of variance and covariance. Fourteen years old players were significantly taller, heavier, leaner, faster, stronger, and technically more skilled than their younger peers (p < 0.05). Differences in physical performance and technical skills (p < 0.05) were found between age groups when adjusting for confounders of soccer training and biological maturation. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between age groups were found in psychological domains. Our findings suggest that age, biological maturation, and training volume are key factors influencing young soccer players’ performance and development. Further, clubs’ conditions provide players with ample resources for their success in training and competition.

scholarly journals Age-related differences in linear sprint in adolescent female soccer players

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Mainer-Pardos ◽  
Oliver Gonzalo-Skok ◽  
Hadi Nobari ◽  
Demetrio Lozano ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background Several studies have observed the contribution of chronological age, biological maturation, and anthropometric characteristics to sprinting performance in young soccer players. Nevertheless, there are no studies that have analysed the contribution of these characteristics to running speed qualities in adolescent female soccer players. Objective This study investigated age-related differences in sprint performance in adolescent female soccer players. Also, it examined the possible influence of anthropometry [body mass and body mass index (BMI)] and biological maturation [age at peak height velocity (APHV)] in sprint performance. Methods Eighty adolescent female soccer players [under (U) 14, n = 20; U16, n = 37; U18, n = 23] participated in this study. Players were tested for 40 m sprint (each 10 m split times). Results Posthoc analysis revealed better performance in all split sprint times of older soccer players (U18 and U16) compared with younger category (F: 3.380 to 6.169; p < 0.05; ES: 0.64 to 1.33). On the contrary in all split sprint times, there were no significant changes between U16 and U18 (p < 0.05; ES: 0.03 to 0.17). ANCOVA revealed differences in all parameters between groups, controlled for APHV (p < 0.05). In contrast, all between-group differences disappeared after body mass and BMI adjustment (p > 0.05). Finally, the results indicate that BMI and body mass were significantly correlated with 40 m sprint (p < 0.05; r: -0.31) and 20 m flying (p < 0.01; r: 0.38), respectively. Conclusion In the present players’ sample, body mass and BMI had a significant impact on running speed qualities.

Skeletal Age With The Fels And Tw3 Methods In The Assessment Of Biological Maturation Among Adolescent Soccer Players

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
Antonio J. Figueiredo ◽  
Maria E. Pena Reyes ◽  
Robert M. Malina
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Age ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Biological Maturation
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