scholarly journals The place of archaeology in integrated cultural landscape management

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Tom Moore ◽  
Vincent Guichard ◽  
Jesús Álvarez Sanchís
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Archaeological Heritage

Across Europe, landscape is recognised as a frame through which societal values are defined and embedded. The European Landscape convention and wider research has drawn attention to the need for integrating a diverse range of stakeholders to ensure landscape sustainability. Archaeology is increasingly recognised as having an important place in integrated landscape management but often remains relatively peripheral. This paper examines the place of archaeology in specific European regions and the potential ways of integrating archaeological heritage in landscape management. Emerging from a project funded by the Joint Programme Initiative on Cultural Heritage (Resituating Europe’s FIrst Towns (REFIT): A case study in enhancing knowledge transfer and developing sustainable management of cultural landscapes), we explore the place of a set of common European heritage assets, Iron Age oppida, in the management of the landscape they are a part of and how they might be used better to engage and connect stakeholders. Using four case studies, we review the present integration of archaeology within landscape management and how this operates at a local level. From this we explore what challenges these case-studies present and outline ways in which the REFIT project has sought to develop strategies to respond to these in order to enhance and promote co-productive management of these landscapes.

scholarly journals Évaluation de degré de défense de l’architecture défensive pré-coloniale en Algérie : cas des villages fortifiés

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohand Oulmas ◽  
Amina Abdessemed-Fouda ◽  
Ángel Benigno González Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
The Relationship

Assassing the defensibility of the pre-colonial defensive architecture in Algeria: case study on the medieval fortified villagesAlgeria’s pre-colonial towns of the medieval period still exist in different typologies, ranging from the isolated buildings (forts, castles) and town enclosures to whole urban units (fortified villages, defensives towns). Indeed, the constituent of these fortresses was their defense system, characterized by its large dimension, constituted essentially by the enclosure wall, and architectural features of defensiveness correlated with the outside and the inside of the fortresses. This paper aims to evaluate the relationship between physical landscape, built defensive features and cultural values of the medieval fortified villages in Algeria, two medieval fortified villages in our case “Kalaa of Beni Abbes” in Bejaia and “Kalaa of Beni Rached” in Oran, that we identified as an evolved landscape and interpreted as complex system (both defensive architecture and continuing cultural landscape). This current study consists of quantifying the defensiveness degree of these sites situated within different contexts, in fact, this method ensures to identify the strategy adopted to be protected against different invasions. However, in order to achieve this we calculate a spatial defensiveness index (DI) of these sites. The parameters of our choice are related to the implantation site, the elevation, the visibility and the geometrical shape, which allow us to estimate the defensiveness degree of the defense system of our case studies.

Ping Shan

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Nicolson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Major Road ◽  
New Town ◽  
Police Station ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Traditional Rice

Case study 3: The cluster of villages in the New Territories, known collectively as Ping Shan, is one of the oldest traditional, rice-growing settlements in Hong Kong. It is a mixture of organically evolved and associative cultural landscapes, the latter comprising an auspicious fung shui hill resembling a crab and a strategically positioned pagoda that are credited with bringing fortune and prosperity. British colonial control of the district was enforced by construction of a police station on the fung shui hill which symbolically killed the ‘crab’. The subsequent decline of the village’s fortune is believed to stem from this action and was compounded by the development of a new town on the adjacent farmland. A recent change of use for the police station to a clan museum has lifted the spirits of the villagers but the cultural landscape has been irreversibly depleted by inappropriate land use zoning that permitted urban encroachment and cumulative impacts from major road and rail projects.

Counter-monumentality and the vulnerability of memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Outward Appearance ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Creation

Monuments have been a staple of archaeology since the beginning of the discipline and have been used as case-studies for a diverse range of topics. In recent years, monuments have been considered particularly often in studies of social memory. By materializing memorial ambitions, however, the creation of monuments provides a venue for collective memories to be challenged. Despite their outward appearance of strength and permanence, monuments additionally render the memory of their creators vulnerable and open to contestation. In particular, the practice of counter-monumentality, or active and deliberate interventions in traditional monuments, illustrates how the erection of monuments exposes the inherent fragility of memory. Examples from the present and the past demonstrate these points: a statue of Confederate generals Robert E. Lee and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson in Baltimore, Maryland, and a corpus of monumental statues from southeastern Anatolian and northern Syria during the Iron Age.

scholarly journals Town, village and bush: war and cultural landscapes in south-eastern Angola (1966-2002)

Afrika Focus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

In most of the literature on the subject, urban and rural areas are presented as real physical entities that are geographically determined. Obviously such an approach is important and necessary, but in this contribution I want to draw attention to ‘the urban’ and ‘the rural’ as ideas, as items of cultural landscape rather than as physical facts. This will result both in a history of ideas and a social history of the war in Angola as experienced by civilians from the south-eastern part of the country. The article is based on a case-study that deals with the history of south-east Angola, an area that was in a state of war from 1966 to 2002. In the course of the 1990s I spoke with immigrants from this region who were resident in Rundu, Northern Namibia, mostly as illegal refugees. In our conversations the immigrants explained how the categories ‘town’ and ‘country’ came into being during colonialism and what changes occurred after the war started. They argued that during the war agriculture in the countryside became well-nigh impossible and an opposition between ‘town’ and ‘bush’ came into being that could have lethal consequences for the civilian population living in the region. This case-study on south-east Angola shows the importance of a historical approach to categories such as ‘urbanity’ and ‘rurality’ as such categories may undergo relatively rapid change – in both discourse and practice. Key words: landscape (town, country and bush), war, south-east Angola 

scholarly journals An ecological assessment of vineyard houses: a case study from Bucak

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Hacer Mutlu Danaci
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Ecological Criteria ◽  
Material Choice ◽  
Building Form

Within cultural landscapes, there exists vernacular architecture that is characteristic in design of its region, construction techniques and materials, but is currently rarely used. Anatolia, a region that encompasses various regions with differing climates and cultures, is considerably rich in architectural splendor. In Southern Turkey, a part of Anatolia, vineyard houses in the Mediterranean Region’s Bucak Borough of Burdur Province are prototypical authentic vernacular architecture samples. Vineyard House use is becoming obsolete and these structures are disappearing. These vineyard houses are a cornerstone of the culture that built them, yet they have not attracted sufficient attraction in literature. Examination of sample relief works of vineyard houses within the borders of Bucak Borough placed their importance in an ecological context. Our goal is to ultimately protect these structures for both planning principles and to preserve the material, construction technique and cultural landscape to make vineyard houses usable to summer vacationists coming from the Antalya Province. This study is to ensure the vernacular architecture of vineyard houses in Bucak, they do not have any official protection status, are processed into literature, and to be a guide to any new designs. Vineyard houses’ have ecological properties in the framework of ecological criteria encompassing regional architecture, settlement structure, building form, place organization, and material choice. 

scholarly journals Application of a decision support tool for industrial and agricultural water reuse solutions in international case studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
Kristina Wencki ◽  
Verena Thöne ◽  
Dennis Becker ◽  
Kerstin Krömer ◽  
Isabelle Sattig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Assessment Approach

Abstract Treated wastewater is expected to constitute an essential part of the urban water cycle as an additional water resource in water-scarce or densely populated regions in the future. As decisions on the implementation of water recycling measures should always consider local conditions, the project ‘MULTI-ReUse: Modular treatment and monitoring for wastewater reuse’ has developed a comprehensive sustainability assessment tool, designed to support decision-makers in examining the technical feasibility, economic viability, ecological compatibility and social acceptance of alternative service water supply solutions at local level. This article describes the structure of this sustainability assessment tool and its underlying multi-criteria assessment approach based on 23 evaluation criteria. Already in the development phase, the tool was tested in a German and a Namibian case study. Both case studies are presented with a special focus on the technologies used and the results of the analysis with the sustainability assessment tool. Case study testing proved that the tool is applicable in various environmental and societal settings with widely differing climatic conditions, limited resource availability, for varying feed water qualities and water quality requirements. The comprehensive, straightforward assessment approach enabled the local users to identify the most sustainable supply system or strategy for their decision case.

scholarly journals RECORDING AND COMPARING HISTORIC GARDEN ARCHITECTURE. VALUE OF SLAM-BASED RECORDING FOR RESEARCH ON CULTURAL LANDSCAPES IN CONNECTION WITH HERITAGE CONSERVATION

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
M. Hess ◽  
C. Ferreyra
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The University

Abstract. The 3D-SLAM-based recording of historic gardens and architecture with the scope of geometric and quantitative analysis of typologies of garden architecture in the context of a designated cultural landscape will be presented. This will be illustrated by case studies of three baroque gardens of buildings belonging to the Cistercian order.The ‘Centre for Heritage Conservation studies and Technologies’ (KDWT) at the University of Bamberg is cooperating with the Cisterscapes project to deliver metric surveys, architectural comparison of the historic gardens as typical feature of the agricultural granges. The survey and research were conducted in autumn 2020 and 2021 in two granges in Franconia (Bavaria, Germany) as well as on the monastery of Ebrach.For the recording, SLAM technology, was the preference and a GeoSLAM ZEB Horizon was used. It is a solution using the data sequence acquired during motion for estimating the relative poses in real time. The case studies served not only to generate an accurate output to be explored in the Cistercian Cultural Heritage Project, but also as test of the instrumentation to ascertain best practices of the instrument. 3D digital documentation will contribute to the holistic understanding of garden plus architecture ensembles. 3D data analysis will be approached from an art-historical and architectural viewpoint, conclusions shall be drawn from interdisciplinary cooperation. This comparative research will serve to find similarities or differences and establish prototypical elements of these typical elements of Cistercian Cultural Landscape. The 3D records can also be used as basis for future monitoring and development of a new garden care concept taking heritage conservation into account. Heritage, in its many forms, is not only a representation of the past, but a connection or reconnection with a past that is active and alive in the present. It shapes and reshapes people’s sense of place, sense of belonging and cultural identities at the local and national level.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF HISTORIC PATTERNS OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND GEO-DATABASE: A CASE STUDY OF KULIANG IN FUZHOU, CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 409-414
Author(s):  
Y.-N. Lin ◽  
C. Yang ◽  
Y.-H. Ye ◽  
Z.-R. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Landscape Heritage ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Geo Database

Abstract. Cultural landscapes are the result of the interactions between cultural and natural features over time. Historic research and site investigation are two conventional methods for identifying the transformation of cultural landscapes. Over the past few decades, with the massive development of computer and internet, technologies such as aerial photogrammetry, GPS and GIS provide new approaches for the study of landscape transformation. The aim of this research is to investigate and present the transformation of a cultural landscape using aerial photogrammetry and geo-database. Kuliang in Fuzhou, a former foreigners’ summer resort established by missionaries in 1886, was used as an instrumental case study. This research has identified historical mountain trails by superimposing historical maps and GPS-recorded tracks. Historic sites were found through a comparison of historical photos and low-altitude drone images. Drone-based orthophotos of the sites provide significant evidence for the restoration of the historical buildings. Furthermore, based on the integration of multiple sources of data in a geo-database, this research reveals Kuliang’s landscape patterns and their transformation over time. The conclusion shows that the use of aerial photogrammetry and geo-database can effectively integrate fragmented cultural landscape information, and identify the transformation of cultural landscape patterns, thereby providing significant references for landscape heritage restoration and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Town, village and bush: war and cultural landscapes in south-eastern Angola (1966-2002)

Afrika Focus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Inge Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

In most of the literature on the subject, urban and rural areas are presented as real physical entities that are geographically determined. Obviously such an approach is important and necessary, but in this contribution I want to draw attention to ‘the urban’ and ‘the rural’ as ideas, as items of cultural landscape rather than as physical facts. This will result both in a history of ideas and a social history of the war in Angola as experienced by civilians from the south-eastern part of the country. The article is based on a case-study that deals with the history of south-east Angola, an area that was in a state of war from 1966 to 2002. In the course of the 1990s I spoke with immigrants from this region who were resident in Rundu, Northern Namibia, mostly as illegal refugees. In our conversations the immigrants explained how the categories ‘town’ and ‘country’ came into being during colonialism and what changes occurred after the war started. They argued that during the war agriculture in the countryside became well-nigh impossible and an opposition between ‘town’ and ‘bush’ came into being that could have lethal consequences for the civilian population living in the region. This case-study on south-east Angola shows the importance of a historical approach to categories such as ‘urbanity’ and ‘rurality’ as such categories may undergo relatively rapid change – in both discourse and practice.

An Overview of the Case Studies

2013 ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Dimitra Manou ◽  
Jason Papathanasiou
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Local Monitoring ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Wild Resources ◽  
The Uk

TESS partners were asked to develop local level case studies for Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Turkey, and the UK. All studies consisted of a socioeconomic project and a mapping project, except that there was mapping alone in Germany. The aims of the case study projects were to test how best to meet local decision support needs in exchange for local monitoring that meets central policy requirements and whether local monitoring (based on schools, local community groups, or individuals motivated by use of wild resources) can meet government requirements. Such information requires mapping of ecological information, for combination with socio-economic information; the case studies also aimed at assessing local attitudes and capabilities. This chapter presents an overview of results from the studies, which are described individually in the following nine chapters.

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