scholarly journals Évaluation de degré de défense de l’architecture défensive pré-coloniale en Algérie : cas des villages fortifiés

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohand Oulmas ◽  
Amina Abdessemed-Fouda ◽  
Ángel Benigno González Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
The Relationship

Assassing the defensibility of the pre-colonial defensive architecture in Algeria: case study on the medieval fortified villagesAlgeria’s pre-colonial towns of the medieval period still exist in different typologies, ranging from the isolated buildings (forts, castles) and town enclosures to whole urban units (fortified villages, defensives towns). Indeed, the constituent of these fortresses was their defense system, characterized by its large dimension, constituted essentially by the enclosure wall, and architectural features of defensiveness correlated with the outside and the inside of the fortresses. This paper aims to evaluate the relationship between physical landscape, built defensive features and cultural values of the medieval fortified villages in Algeria, two medieval fortified villages in our case “Kalaa of Beni Abbes” in Bejaia and “Kalaa of Beni Rached” in Oran, that we identified as an evolved landscape and interpreted as complex system (both defensive architecture and continuing cultural landscape). This current study consists of quantifying the defensiveness degree of these sites situated within different contexts, in fact, this method ensures to identify the strategy adopted to be protected against different invasions. However, in order to achieve this we calculate a spatial defensiveness index (DI) of these sites. The parameters of our choice are related to the implantation site, the elevation, the visibility and the geometrical shape, which allow us to estimate the defensiveness degree of the defense system of our case studies.

scholarly journals Change Of Social Capital Of Dairy Farmers Groups: A Case Study Of Institutionalization Of Sapi Merapi Sejahtera Sleman (Samesta) Cooperative In Sleman, Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmudin Najmudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The results shows that there are changes of social capital of dairy farmers groups in the process of institutionalization of SAMESTA cooperatives. The change is the impact of the conditions of Indonesian dairy. These changes occur in several elements of social capital, as follows: (1) Value, as a guide and reinforcement of farmers’ positive behavior. The existing values among farmers are klangenan (like), titen (scrutinize deeply), honesty, and togetherness. These values ​​become the fuel that forces the farmers to relate each other and realize the more transparent and fairer cooperative. This case shows the influence of cultural values ​​on the farmers’ economic behavior. They calculate inputs and outputs, and make some adjustments to prevent them from losing and calculate the standard number of cows that they have. (2) Trust changes positively, especially by raising the milk price from farmers, although it gives a risk to the cooperative income. This decision is expected to increase the farmers' ethos, thus impacts on the increase of milk production. (3) Networks, in which the relationship between farmers firstly occurs in hamlet area, then it extends the network beyond those limits. Farmers from different villages are connected naturally. This inter-subject's relationship occurs due to the same goals, which are wishes to be more dignified, prosperous, and get fair treatment.

scholarly journals Multi-View Software Architecture Design: Case Study of a Mission-Critical Defense System

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Alpaslan Demir
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
System Development ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Mission Critical ◽  
Software Architecture Design

As the use of software intensive systems increase in our daily lives, the systems are getting larger and larger every day. A significant portion of these software systems in use are medium to large in size and complexity. Most of them are also becoming a part of a system of systems. In addition to satisfying of a set of functional requirements, the users expect a certain level of quality in these systems. Quality requirements are also referred as nonfunctional requirements. Adequate satisfaction of quality requirements can be achieved via a careful software architecture design. Since the quality requirements are multi-faceted, the software architects have to consider many diverse aspects and provide a software architecture solution that can optimally satisfy both functional and nonfunctional requirements. Therefore, such a solution requires a multi-view software architecture design as the result of a careful systematic system development effort. Research reports with detailed case studies are helpful in bridging the gap between academia and industry. Research studies including a carefully designed real-world sample case studies will help practitioners and engineers to understand the theoretical concepts and apply the novel research findings in their practices. Therefore, in this study, we explain the systematic multi-view software architecture design with the help of a detailed mission-critical defense system development case study. The mission critical system in the case study is a Mine Neutralization System for navy mine hunting ships. In the study, we explain the multi-view software system architecture design step by step starting with identifying the system context, requirements, constraints, and quality expectations. We further outline the strategies, techniques, designs, and rationales used to satisfy a diverse set of requirements with a particular software architecture pattern. In addition, we introduce a novel architectural style named as a star-controller architectural style. We explain the use of the style with a related discussion.

Flows in Reflux: Video Brinquedo and the BRICS “Mockbuster” as a Glitch in Mediatic Hegemony

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 621-638
Author(s):  
Camilo Diaz Pino
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Media Industries ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Amid a global cultural landscape defined both by the ambiguities of deterritorialization and the persistent impact of established geopolitical hierarchies, the idea of cultural reflux offers a potent tool to conceptualize and lend context to the study of nascent peripheral and semiperipheral media industries. Dialoguing with Thussu and Iwabuchi’s work on media flow as well as Curtin’s concept of media capitals, this article proposes to analyze “mockbusters”: derivative copies of established metropolitan media properties. I specifically look at the output of the Brazilian studio Video Brinquedo, infamous in the 2000s for its blatant, low-quality copies of established children’s media properties. In examining the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) mockbuster as a case study of opportunistic media counterflow, the idea of cultural reflux complicates debates over where we should situate our analytical objectives with respect to mediatic peripherality, and how we can more concretely examine the relationship of media flow to transnational imperial frameworks.

Judicial Biography and the Behavioral Persuasion

1971 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Woodford Howard
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Judicial Politics ◽  
Judicial Behavior ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Considerable Insight

This paper appraises the relationship between judicial biography and judicial behavior research in two ways: (1) conceptually, by comparing them as modes of inquiry; and (2) empirically, by making an inventory of the behavioral content of 15. leading judicial biographies. The central theme is that judicial biographies and judicial behavior research are complementary. Conceptually, they have important common premises and problems as well as major differences. Empirically, judicial biographies also offer considerable insight into judicial behavior. Using generous standards, the inventory of 15 biographies derived 2,232 behavioral-like propositions in eight categories of behavioral research. More importantly, the biographies suggest a substantial number of hypotheses worthy of empirical investigation and validation. When viewed as case studies in judicial politics, judicial biographies thus become related to behavioral inquiry. And their strengths and weaknesses fall into place as reflecting properties generally associated with case study as a mode of political analysis.

scholarly journals Antonella: ‘A Stranger in the Family’—A Case Study of Eating Disorders Across Cultures

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Di Nicola
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Problems ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe story of Antonella illustrates the way in which cultural and other values impact on the presentation and treatment of eating disorders. Displaced from her European home culture to live in Canada, Antonella presents with an eating disorder and a fluctuating tableau of anxiety and mood symptoms linked to her lack of a sense of identity. These arose against a background of her adoption as a foundling child in Italy and her attachment problems with her adoptive family generating chronically unfixed and unstable identities, resulting in her cross-cultural marriage as both flight and refuge followed by intense conflicts. Her predicament is resolved only when after an extended period in cultural family therapy she establishes a deep cross-species identification by becoming a breeder of husky dogs. The wider implications of Antonella’s story for understanding the relationship between cultural values and mental health are briefly considered.

scholarly journals Shifting Perceptions of Orient and Occident in Nineteenth-Century Arabic Travel Writing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ibrahem Almarhaby
Keyword(s):  
Travel Literature ◽  
Pure Gold ◽  
The Political ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Thematic Approach ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Arabic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

This study investigates the relationship between the Eastern Self and the Western Other by focusing on the influence of the French Other on the ideology of the Arab Self in modern Arabic travel literature. As a case study, the analysis has been conducted on Takhlīṣ al-Ibriz fī Talkhīṣ Paris [‘The extraction of pure gold in the abridgement of Paris’]. The 19th century, from which this source originates, is considered to be significant in terms of distinguishing modern travelogue literature from that of the medieval period, where the image of the Western Other in Arabs’ imagination dramatically changed due to colonialism. As one of the richest and most open approaches in textual analysis, the study adopts the thematic approach to shed light on the extent to which the ideological impact of the Other on the political, religious, civil and social domains of the Self can be seen in this wide-ranging travel source. The study infers that al-Ṭahṭāwī was greatly ideologically impacted by West in all of the allocated domains, as can be seen clearly in his comprehensive comparisons, descriptions and explanations. This influence is indeed what distinguishes this modern travelogue literature from the medieval ones.

CCPs and CSDs

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Lee
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
European Central ◽  
Central Counterparties ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Securities Depositories

This chapter presents a series of case studies illustrating how some specific central counterparties (CCPs), and central securities depositories (CSDs) have been governed in particular contexts. The following institutions and contexts are described in turn: the relationship between the Canadian Depository for Securities' owners, its users, and board directors from the company's inception to 2008; the establishment of European Central Counterparty Limited by Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation over the period 2000–2002; the creation of Clearstream International by Deutsche Börse over the period 1999–2002; some aspects of how Euroclear was governed regarding its creation, ownership, and board structure up until 2006; and the creation of LCH.Clearnet and some difficulties it faced over the period 2003–6. A few brief general lessons from each case study are also identified.

READING THE TEMPLE OF NABU AS A CODED SENSORY EXPERIENCE

Iraq ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 181-211
Author(s):  
Kiersten Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Textual Studies ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Temple

Archaeological evidence alongside textual sources allow for a deep reading of the meaningful encounters ancient peoples had with their built environments and the ways in which these spaces were connected to cultural values and priorities. This paper argues that the sensory affordances of the first-millenniumb.c. temples of Nabu, the god of wisdom and writing, manifested the exclusive, specialised knowledge that was associated with this god in a manner that differentiated these built environments within the active, sensory landscape of the Neo-Assyrian royal citadel. This potential of the Nabu temples is best shown in the most well-preserved examples at the capital cities of Kalḫu (modern Nimrud) and Dur-Šarrukin (modern Khorsabad). These two temples of Nabu have the same combination of architectural features that produced this sensory experience, despite being in different cities and despite having different spatial layouts. These features include: (1) a sense of emphatic placement of the temples on the royal citadels and distinctive exterior features; (2) an indirect route towards the cult rooms of Nabu that passed through multiple courtyards, passage-chambers, and doorways with remarkable architectural programmes; (3) andakītu-suites, which were associated with the Assyrianakītu-festival andadê-ceremony. The appreciation of knowledge and of experts (Akk.ummânu) materialised in these built environments expresses developments in royal ideology and the preferences of Neo-Assyrian kings, in particular during the eighth and seventh centuriesb.c. This examination of the temples of Nabu demonstrates the ways in which a sensory-oriented approach adds a unique perspective to previous archaeological and textual studies, as well as insight into the relationship between cultural and ideological values and complex sensory landscapes of past societies.

‘Mass Gambling’ from 1947 to 2011: Controversies and Pathologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Casey
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Social Reformer ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Moral Framing ◽  
Shared Commitment ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between Mass Observation and sociological method. It will demonstrate that often this relationship has been an uneasy one with the detailed, deeply qualitative and broadly ‘unstructured’ data elicited by Mass Observation frequently positioned as posing problems for sociologists particularly in terms of data analysis and interpretation. The paper will explore these debates by focusing on two case studies drawn from Mass Observation directives. The first will draw on the 1947 gambling study which was commissioned by the social reformer Seebohm Rowntree and his collaborator Commander G.R. Lavers and the second will draw on the 2011 ‘Gambling and Households’ directive. These case studies have been chosen because they help to illuminate the complexities of the concerns surrounding the sociological uses of Mass Observation. The paper will draw on correspondence between Rowntree, Lavers and co-founder of Mass Observation Tom Harrisson in 1947 which uncovers fascinating detail about Harrisson and Rowntree's shared commitment to revealing information about the everyday experiences and practices of working class life, but also some interesting disparities about what ‘sociological data’ might look like and what its purpose ought to be. The second case study draws on findings from the 2011 Gambling and Households directive. This directive offers an interesting historical comparison with the 1947 data. It flags up similarities particularly in terms of the moral framing of gambling, social attitudes to gambling pathologies and addictions and discourses about spending and winning money but also some notable differences particularly with regards to class identification and gambling. Each of these similarities and differences will be explored with the intention of demonstrating the particular uses of Mass Observation in uncovering the frequently overlooked and subjective patterns of intimacy.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal effect on groundwater level fluctuations: case studies of Čepkeliai and Rėkyva peatbogs, Lithuania

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justas Kažys ◽  
Egidijus Rimkus ◽  
Julius Taminskas ◽  
Sigita Butkutė
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Groundwater Level Fluctuations ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Relationship

The peatbogs are very unique and relatively vulnerable ecosystems for every kind of disturbances. This research analyses the relationships between groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations and meteorological conditions in Lithuanian peatbogs. Two case study areas (Čepkeliai and Rėkyva peatbogs) with permanent GWL monitoring points were investigated. The period from 2002 till 2011 was analysed in Čepkeliai and the period from 2011 till 2014 in Rėkyva. The final results indicate that rainfall is the most important factor determining the groundwater level fluctuations in the warm season, while temperature and evapotranspiration play only a minor role. The relationship between GWL and precipitation strongly depends on soil properties. The findings in Rėkyva revealed that the reactions of GWL on meteorological conditions in various parts of the  peatbogs were not the  same. Also, the analysis showed that the reaction of GWL on precipitation differs in cold and warm seasons.

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