scholarly journals Staatsburgerschap en Nederlanderschap in Nederlands-Indië in de negentiende eeuw

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-472
Author(s):  
Bart Verheijen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Close Inspection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Inequality ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Political Citizenship ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Ius Sanguinis

Abstract The development of political citizenship in the Dutch East-Indies in the nineteenth century This article aims to analyze the political inequality between Dutch subjects in the Dutch East-Indies and the Netherlands based on developments in nineteenth century national citizenship debates and legislation. It argues that the juridization of the idea of political citizenship by J.R. Thorbecke in the 1840s and 1850s, led to the exclusion of the indigenous colonial population on the basis of descent (ius sanguinis). A close inspection of this principle shows how it was legitimized and implemented for the colonial territories on the basis of a ‘Dutch and European civilization criterion’ under which a series of other criteria – such as religion, skin color, education – could be used for political, cultural and economic exclusion. The ‘colonial differences’ that were gradually enshrined in legislation surrounding political citizenship in the nineteenth century would create a new layer of colonial hierarchy in the Dutch East-Indies.

‘Behoed ons arme volk voor de vulkaan-poëten’

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-422
Author(s):  
Judith Bosnak ◽  
Rick Honings
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Literary Reception

Abstract ‘Save our poor people from the vulcano poets’. The literary reception of the Krakatoa disaster of 1883 in the Netherlands and Indonesi On August 27, 1883, the volcano Krakatau in the Dutch East Indies erupted and collapsed, causing the deaths of tens of thousands, mainly as a result of devastating tsunamis. The Krakatau eruption was one of the first disasters to take place beyond the Dutch boundaries that received so much attention in the Netherlands. Because the Indies were a Dutch colony, a response of the motherland was rather logical. In many places, charity activities were organized to raise money for the victims. This article focuses on the Dutch and Indonesian literary reactions on the Krakatau disaster. For this purpose, two scholars work together: one specialized in Dutch Literary Studies and the other one in Indonesian Languages and Cultures. In the first part of the article several Dutch charity publications are analysed; the second part focuses on Indonesian sources (in Javanese and Malay). How and to what extend did the reactions in the Netherlands and Indonesia differ?

The Mestizos of Kisar: An insular racial laboratory in the Malay Archipelago

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-463
Author(s):  
Hans Pols ◽  
Warwick Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Race Mixing

In the 1920s and 1930s, the Mestizos of Kisar, a dry, almost barren island in the Dutch East Indies off the coast of East Timor, were a model for the study of race mixing or human hybridity. Discovered in the late nineteenth century, these ‘anomalous blondes’ of Dutch and Kisarese ancestry became subjects of intense scrutiny by physical anthropologists. As a German specialist in tropical medicine in search of a convenient empire after 1918, Ernst Rodenwaldt favourably evaluated the physique and mentality of the isolated, fair Mestizos in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). Back in Germany in the 1930s, as professor of hygiene at Heidelberg, his views on race hardened to accord with Nazi doctrine. Yet after the war, Rodenwaldt successfully cited his earlier appreciation of mixed-race peoples in the eastern Malay Archipelago as grounds for rehabilitation. Once a celebrated case study in human hybridity, the Mestizos of Kisar were erased from anthropological discussion in the 1950s, when race mixing ceased to be a biological issue and became instead a sociological interest. Still, Rodenwaldt's work continues to exert some limited influence in the eastern parts of the archipelago and among the Kisarese diaspora, indicating the penetrance and resilience of colonial racialisation projects.

The Opium Question in the Federated Shan States, 1931–36: British Policy Discussions and Scandal

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Maule
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Overseas Chinese ◽  
East Indies ◽  
West Central ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Opium Use

The earliest known evidence for the existence of the opium poppy has been traced to the Neolithic and Early Bronze Ages in west central Europe. Arab traders introduced opium into Asia, and in the eighth century A.D., it had been used in China. By the nineteenth century, China provided the most lucrative market for traders, primarily British and American, who brought opium to China from India and the Ottoman Empire. Opium use also proved to be popular among the overseas Chinese communities in Siam, Malaya, and the Dutch East Indies. The Chinese demand for opium, the lucrative profits to be gained from the manufacture, transfer, and sale of opium, and official connivance at edicts to prohibit its import into China, served to create a flourishing trade.

Maritime journeys of European opera in the Indonesian archipelago, 1835–1869

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Structural Shift ◽  
East Indies ◽  
French Opera ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Coastal Shipping ◽  
Dutch East Indies

Professional performers of European opera began to arrive in Batavia in the 1830s. More performers set foot in Batavia in the next three decades and presented the often-matching selections of Italian and French opera. By the end of the 1860s the touring circuit of the itinerant performers encompassed leading port cities and towns, including Semarang, Surabaya and Padang. This article argues the coming of professional European opera to the Indonesian archipelago and greater maritime Asia was connected to the nineteenth-century operatic expansion in which the middling and intrepid singers transmitted current works of European opera to frontier regions. The journeys of the operatic pioneers to and from the Indonesian archipelago also mirrored an ongoing structural shift in coastal shipping from a business dominated by British merchant fleets to one serviced by the private firms under the contract of the Dutch East Indies government.

scholarly journals The Art of Printing in the Dutch East Indies

Quaerendo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Lisa Kuitert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
East Indies ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dutch East Indies

Abstract In the Netherlands, and elsewhere, too, Laurens Janszoon Coster of Haarlem, and not Gutenberg, was long thought to have been the inventor of the art of printing. The myth—for that is what it was—was only definitively repudiated at the end of the nineteenth century, though some continued to believe in Coster until their dying breath. The Coster myth was deployed to give the history of the Netherlands status and international prestige. This article concerns the extent to which Coster’s supposed invention was known in the Dutch East Indies—today’s Indonesia, a Dutch colony at that time—and what its significance was there. After all, heroes, national symbols and traditions, whether invented or not, are the building blocks of cultural nationalism. Is this also true for Laurens Janszoon Coster in his colonial context?

Interpreting practices in a colonial context

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-391
Author(s):  
Audrey Heijns
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Cultural Mediators ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The Government

Abstract This article investigates the experience of Dutch interpreters of Chinese in the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) from the mid-nineteenth century until Indonesia’s independence nearly a century later. In the colonial context, the task of interpreters went beyond orally translating speech. They also served as cultural mediators, who prevented conflicts and resolved misunderstandings. Based on theories of interpreting in colonial contexts, the cases in this study will probe the interpreters’ training, their allegiances, and their search for neutrality. The findings reveal that, in the period from 1860 to 1912, the interpreters tried to mediate for the government by resolving problems and misunderstandings, despite their limited authority. However, in the period from 1913 to 1949, the interpreters had less room to maneuver, as a result of changes in training as well as in the work environment of the Dutch East Indies.

The ‘talking machine’ comes to the Dutch East Indies: The arrival of Western media technology in Southeast Asia

2008 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sound Recording ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Recording Technology ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Dutch East Indies

The invention of sound recording technology in the nineteenth century was a modern miracle. Making possible the storage and preservation of sounds across time and distance, which previously could only be dreamed of, this invention contributed significantly to the developing entertainment world. Thomas Alva Edison first realized this dream in 1877 when he invented the tin-foil phonograph, which then inspired other scientists to perfect and develop his invention. During the last two decades of the 1800s sound recording machines were exhibited outside the United States of America, first in Europe and then in Australia and Asia. In Europe the machine was first demonstrated at the Academy of Science in Paris on 11 March 1878, where a French professor named Bonjour accused Edison of cheating. He stated that Edison was a ventriloquist.

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