scholarly journals Network Defense in an End-to-End Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Simpson ◽  
Kevin E. Foltz
Keyword(s):  
Software Tools ◽  
Distributed Computation ◽  
Intended Target ◽  
Network Defense ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
End To End

Network defense implies a comprehensive set of software tools to preclude malicious entities from conducting nefarious activities. For most enterprises at this time, that defense builds upon a clear concept of the fortress approach. Many of the requirements are based on inspection and reporting prior to delivery of the communication to the intended target. These inspections require decryption of packets when encrypted. This decryption implies that the defensive suite has access to the private keys of the servers that are the target of communication. This is in contrast to an end-to-end paradigm where known good entities can communicate directly with each other. In an end-to-end paradigm, maintaining confidentiality through unbroken end-toend encryption, the private key resides only with the holder-of-key in the communication and on a distributed computation of inspection and reporting. This paper examines a formulation that is pertinent to the Enterprise Level Security (ELS) framework.

scholarly journals Resolving Network Defense Conflicts with Zero Trust Architectures and Other End-to-End Paradigms

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
William R. Simpson ◽  
Kevin E. Foltz
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Computing ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Intended Target ◽  
Network Defense ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
End To End ◽  
Data Theft ◽  
Encrypted Communication

Network defense implies a comprehensive set of software tools to preclude malicious entities from conducting activities such as exfiltration of data, theft of credentials, blocking of services and other nefarious activities. For most enterprises at this time, that defense builds upon a clear concept of the fortress approach. Many of the requirements are based on inspection and reporting prior to delivery of the communication to the intended target. These inspections require decryption of packets and this implies that the defensive suite either impersonates the requestor, or has access to the private cryptographic keysof the servers that are the target of communication. This is in contrast to an end-to-end paradigm where known good entities can communicate directly and no other entity has access to the content unless that content is provided to them. There are many new processes that require end-to-end encrypted communication, including distributed computing, endpoint architectures, and zero trust architectures and enterprise level security. In an end-to-end paradigm, the keys used for authentication, confidentiality, and integrity reside only with the endpoints. This paper examines a formulation that allows unbroken communication, while meeting the inspection and reporting requirements of a network defense. This work is part of a broader security architecture termed Enterprise Level Security (ELS)framework.

scholarly journals Encrypted Communications: It's not what it seems.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelkumar Patel ◽  
Jay Sukhadiya ◽  
Jinan Fiaidhi
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Secure Communications ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
End To End

<div>Secure communications is when two entities communicate with each other and the communication is completely secured from a third party or the intruder. This type of communication process can be achieved using encryption and decryption mechanism. The implementation of Email encryption is performed with the intension of showing the working of encryption and decryption mechanism. This web application allows user to send an encrypted electronic-mail to any domain and it can be only decrypted using the receiver’s private key. Whereas, messaging android application was developed to replicate existing WhatsApp application to see whether, it performs end-to-end encryption or it’s not what it seems. The application allows users to securely communicate with each other via performing actual end-to-end encryption.</div>

scholarly journals Encrypted Communications: It's not what it seems.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelkumar Patel ◽  
Jay Sukhadiya ◽  
Jinan Fiaidhi
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Secure Communications ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
End To End

<div>Secure communications is when two entities communicate with each other and the communication is completely secured from a third party or the intruder. This type of communication process can be achieved using encryption and decryption mechanism. The implementation of Email encryption is performed with the intension of showing the working of encryption and decryption mechanism. This web application allows user to send an encrypted electronic-mail to any domain and it can be only decrypted using the receiver’s private key. Whereas, messaging android application was developed to replicate existing WhatsApp application to see whether, it performs end-to-end encryption or it’s not what it seems. The application allows users to securely communicate with each other via performing actual end-to-end encryption.</div>

scholarly journals CRYPTOGRAPHY USED IN WHATSAPP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushka Xavier K
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Privacy Breach ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Web ◽  
Taking Care

In this era people are closely connected to each other using technology.Messaging services a plays a crucial role in this process.For this, WhatsApp Messenger being an exclusive cross-platform that allows to exchange text, files as well as audio and video messages.WhatsApp has 1.5 billion dynamic clients in 180 nations.However, being such a well liked application,taking care of privacy breach is very salient. It is necessary that the application protects clients confidentiality and authenticity. Thus, to give assurance and stealth to client, for the most part cryptography is utilized as a spine of the web based exchanges. WhatsApp utilizes End-to-End Encryption technique and uses various protocols (Signal protocol etc.) and keys (public key, private key etc.) along with algorithm like Curve25519.In this era people are closely connected to each other using technology.Messaging services a plays a crucial role in this process.For this, WhatsApp Messenger being an exclusive cross-platform that allows to exchange text, files as well as audio and video messages.WhatsApp has 1.5 billion dynamic clients in 180 nations.However, being such a well liked application,taking care of privacy breach is very salient. It is necessary that the application protects clients confidentiality and authenticity. Thus, to give assurance and stealth to client, for the most part cryptography is utilized as a spine of the web based exchanges. WhatsApp utilizes End-to-End Encryption technique and uses various protocols (Signal protocol etc.) and keys (public key, private key etc.) along with algorithm like Curve25519.

Detection, Averaging, and 3D Reconstruction of Biological Specimens on Hypercubes (Transputer-based) Computers

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Jose-Maria Carazo ◽  
I. Benavides ◽  
S. Marco ◽  
J.L. Carrascosa ◽  
E.L. Zapata
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Computer Architectures ◽  
Parallel Computer ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Obtaining the three-dimensional (3D) structure of negatively stained biological specimens at a resolution of, typically, 2 - 4 nm is becoming a relatively common practice in an increasing number of laboratories. A combination of new conceptual approaches, new software tools, and faster computers have made this situation possible. However, all these 3D reconstruction processes are quite computer intensive, and the middle term future is full of suggestions entailing an even greater need of computing power. Up to now all published 3D reconstructions in this field have been performed on conventional (sequential) computers, but it is a fact that new parallel computer architectures represent the potential of order-of-magnitude increases in computing power and should, therefore, be considered for their possible application in the most computing intensive tasks.We have studied both shared-memory-based computer architectures, like the BBN Butterfly, and local-memory-based architectures, mainly hypercubes implemented on transputers, where we have used the algorithmic mapping method proposed by Zapata el at. In this work we have developed the basic software tools needed to obtain a 3D reconstruction from non-crystalline specimens (“single particles”) using the so-called Random Conical Tilt Series Method. We start from a pair of images presenting the same field, first tilted (by ≃55°) and then untilted. It is then assumed that we can supply the system with the image of the particle we are looking for (ideally, a 2D average from a previous study) and with a matrix describing the geometrical relationships between the tilted and untilted fields (this step is now accomplished by interactively marking a few pairs of corresponding features in the two fields). From here on the 3D reconstruction process may be run automatically.

Surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Paweł Skóra ◽  
Jacek Kurcz ◽  
Krzysztof Korta ◽  
Przemysław Szyber ◽  
Tadeusz Andrzej Dorobisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Extracranial Carotid Artery ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
End To End ◽  
Dacron Patch ◽  
Major Stroke

Abstract. Background: We present the methods and results of the surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms (ECCA). Postoperative complications including early and late neurological events were analysed. Correlation between reconstruction techniques and morphology of ECCA was assessed in this retrospective study. Patients and methods: In total, 32 reconstructions of ECCA were performed in 31 symptomatic patients with a mean age of 59.2 (range 33 - 84) years. The causes of ECCA were divided among atherosclerosis (n = 25; 78.1 %), previous carotid endarterectomy with Dacron patch (n = 4; 12.5 %), iatrogenic injury (n = 2; 6.3 %) and infection (n = 1; 3.1 %). In 23 cases, intervention consisted of carotid bypass. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end suture was performed in 4 cases. Aneurysmal resection with patching was done in 2 cases and aneurysmorrhaphy without patching in another 2 cases. In 1 case, ligature of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was required. Results: Technical success defined as the preservation of ICA patency was achieved in 31 cases (96.9 %). There was one perioperative death due to major stroke (3.1 %). Two cases of minor stroke occurred in the 30-day observation period (6.3 %). Three patients had a transient hypoglossal nerve palsy that subsided spontaneously (9.4 %). At a mean long-term follow-up of 68 months, there were no major or minor ipsilateral strokes or surgery-related deaths reported. In all 30 surviving patients (96.9 %), long-term clinical outcomes were free from ipsilateral neurological symptoms. Conclusions: Open surgery is a relatively safe method in the therapy of ECCA. Surgical repair of ECCAs can be associated with an acceptable major stroke rate and moderate minor stroke rate. Complication-free long-term outcomes can be achieved in as many as 96.9 % of patients. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end anastomosis or bypass surgery can be implemented during open repair of ECCA.

Serie: Innovative IT-Projekte: Asklepios Qualitätsmonitor

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Guntram Doelfs
Keyword(s):  
Software Tools

Bei Asklepios wissen Manager und Chefärzte dank eines Software-Tools immer genau, wie es aktuell um die Qualität in allen Kliniken des Konzerns bestellt ist. Im Interview schildert Projektmanager Stefan Kruse die Vorteile der IT-Lösung.

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