scholarly journals Assessing cardiovascular status using biomarkers and anthropometry among patients with Type-2 Diabetes in a resource limited setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Bako Hauwa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes places extra-burden on those affected with the condition particularly in resource constraint settings. Inaccessibility to affordable diagnostic procedures poses a major challenge to the assessment of cardiovascular status in patients with type-2 diabetes in resource limited settings. The study was aimed at evaluating some easily accessible biochemical markers and anthropometric indices implicated in cardiovascular disease amongst T2DM patients. Methods: One hundred and sixty (160) type-2 diabetic patients grouped into type-2 diabetes only as group 1, type-2 diabetic patients diagnosed with hypertension as group 2, and eighty (80) age and sex-matched controls as group 3, were enrolled in a cross-sectional pattern. Biochemical parameters were assayed using standard laboratory methods. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 with statistical significance considered at p≤0.05. Results: The values obtained for diabetic groups were: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 9.07±1.99, 10.15±4.98, Total Homocysteine (tHcy) 14.85±52.10, 28.35±100.35, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) 6.72±6.78, 10.00±11.15, Waist Circumference, 92.58±1.55, 93.65±18.91, Hip Circumference, 96.87±9.01, 98.96±20.33, Systolic Blood Pressure, 113.50±12.94, 135.50±22.72, Diastolic Blood Pressure, 70.75±8.57, 75.38±12.62, Body Mass Index, 25.40±4.70, 26.93±6.50 (among patients) and HbA1c 5.81±0.86, tHcy 0.75±1.44, hs-CRP 5.30±6.19, Waist Circumference 83.15±10.69, Hip Circumference 93.50±22.05, Systolic Blood Pressure, 113.50±10.20, Diastolic Blood Pressure, 77.00±7.19, Body Mass Index, 24.84±4.93 (among controls). Conclusion: The assessment of some cardio metabolic markers and anthropometric indices may provide easy and accessible tools for prediction and assessment of cardiovascular disease in patients with T2DM especially in resource poor settings.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Progranulin Are Closely Associated with Microvascular Complication in Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xu ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Huixia Li ◽  
Jiali Liu ◽  
Junhui Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objective. Progranulin (PGRN) was recently introduced as a novel marker of chronic inflammatory response in obesity and type 2 diabetes capable of directly affecting the insulin signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between PGRN and type 2 diabetics with microvascular complications.Methods. PGRN serum levels and glucose metabolism related substance were measured in 84 type 2 diabetic patients with or without microangiopathies and 12 health persons. Further analyses of serum PGRN in different stages of diabetic microangiopathies were conducted.Results. Serum levels of PGRN were markedly higher in type 2 diabetic patients with microangiopathies. PGRN serum levels increased with the progress of diabetic microangiopathies with significantly highest values detectable in clinical diabetic nephropathy (CDN) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) groups. Serum PGRN concentrations in all individuals positively and markedly correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), white blood cell (WBC), disease duration, IL-6, and TNF-α, while correlating negatively and significantly with eGFR. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that only UAER and CRE were independently associated with serum PGRN.Conclusion. PGRN might be considered as a marker for diabetic microangiopathy and its severity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Soy Bean Flour Enriched Bread Intake on Anthropometric Indices and Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetic Women: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Salari Moghaddam ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Entezari ◽  
Bijan Iraj ◽  
Gholamreza Askari ◽  
Elham Sharifi Zahabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Previous studies showed that soy bean has the potential to improve many aspects of diabetes state and provide metabolic benefits that aid in weight management. We aimed to determine the effects of soy bean flour enriched bread on anthropometric indices and blood pressure among type 2 diabetic patients. This randomized, crossover, clinical trial was performed in 30 type 2 diabetic women. There were two trial periods for 6 weeks and a wash-out period for 4 weeks. In the soy bread diet period, 120 g of soy bean flour enriched bread was consumed each day instead of the same amount of their usual bread or other cereal products. After a 4-week wash-out period, participants were crossed over for another 6 weeks. Mean (±SD) age of study participants was 45.7 ± 3.8 years. The results of our study showed no significant effects of soy bean flour enriched bread on anthropometric indices and blood pressure among diabetic patients. Despite the slight reduction in BMI, waist circumference, and percent of body fat, there were no significant differences in changes of these values between two groups. No significant changes in waist to hip ratio and blood pressure were seen.

scholarly journals Follow-up and treatment pattern during Ramadan and evaluation of the outcome of Ramadan fasting on clinical, biochemical and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a realworld, multi-center, prospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Nazmul Kabir Qureshi ◽  
Nazma Akter ◽  
Zafar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Treatment Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: There are variable effects of Ramadan fasting on clinical and biochemical variables of diabetic people. Anti-diabetic agents are often adjusted during this time to reflect changes in lifestyle. The study was conducted to understand the diversity of follow-up, treatment pattern, clinical, and biochemical outcome of Ramadan fasting among type 2 diabetic patients who observed Ramadan fast. Methods: This real-world, multi-center, prospective, observational study was conducted at the diabetes outpatient department of National Healthcare Network (NHN) Uttara Center of Bangladesh Diabetic Somity (BADAS), Dhaka, Bangladesh and outpatient department of MARKS Hormone and Diabetes clinic, MARKS Medical College &Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh upon randomly selected type 2 diabetic patients, recruited 1 to 12 weeks prior to the Ramadan and followed up till 12 weeks post-Ramadan period. Finally, a total of 271 participants completed satisfactory follow up. Data was collected before, during, and after Ramadan using a set of questionnaires in a face to face interview. Results: The majority (80.1%) of participants received pre-Ramadan education, counseling, adjustment of medication and other direction to help them cope with Ramadan fasting. A significant reduction of weight, body mass index (BMI)) and blood pressure were reported after Ramadan fast (p<0.001). None of the studied participants experienced severe hyper/hypoglycemia or acute complications requiring hospitalization or an emergency room visit. Metformin was the commonest prescribed anti-diabetic medication. Premixed insulin was the commonest insulin regimen during study period. Three most commonly adjusted oral anti-diabetic drugs were gliclazide, glimepiride, metformin and insulin doses were also adjusted. Mean of fasting and prandial capillary blood glucose decreased from pre-Ramadan period to post-Ramadan period (P<0.05). HbA1c decreased during post-Ramadan period compared to pre-Ramadan visit (P=0.13). A significant reduction in the triglyceride level was observed during post-Ramadan follow up (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that a safe fasting can be observed with proper pre-Ramadan work-up. Ramadan fasting resulted into significant reduction of weight, BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile and improved glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes. Birdem Med J 2021; 11(1): 30-38

Evaluation of the Prevalence of Sleep Disorder among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Referring to Ghaem Hospital from 2016 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mazloum Khorasani ◽  
Vahid Roshan Ravan ◽  
Sepideh Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objectives: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease in primary health care. The prevalence and severity of diabetes can be influenced through lifestyle modification. This study was aimed to identify the prevalence of sleep disorders as a modifiable lifestyle factor among diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted on 190 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who referred to the Internal Medicine Clinic of the Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from 2016 to 2017. A demographic questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Assessment questionnaire (sleep disorder was defined as scores higher than 5) was filled for each subject. Blood tests including haemoglobin A1 C (Hb A1C), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and 2 hour post prandial glucose as well as the assessment of blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) were performed for all patients. Data were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Results: Age of the patients (male to female ratio was 71/119s) was 56.31 ± 7.37 years. BMI more than 25 kg/m2 was observed in 145 (76.3%) of patients . Mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Assessment score was 7.48 ± 4.11. Fifty‐one (26.8%) patients were good sleepers and 139 (73.2%) were poor sleepers. There was a significant relationship between sleep disorder and age (p=0.019) and female gender (p=0.017) but no other variables including level of education, occupation, HbA1 C, FBS, 2 hour post prandial glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Discussion: Sleep disorders were common among type 2 diabetic patients especially women. It is recommended that sleep disorders should be screened in diabetic patients. Treatment and prevention of sleep disorders through sleep hygiene education including recommendation to have normal nocturnal sleep should be focused by practitioners in type 2 diabetic patients especially women. Appropriate measures should be taken to manage sleep disorders by weight control in this population.

scholarly journals Comparison Between Effect of Glimepiride and Pioglitazone on the C-Reactive Protein Level of Type 2 Diabetic Patient

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
AKM Fazlul Haque ◽  
Md Zahirul Haque ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
M Azizul Hoque ◽  
Quazi Tarikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Pioglitazone Group ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: This study was carried out to see the effect of glimepiride and pioglitazone on the serum hs-CRP level in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: A non-blind comparative study was conducted among 70 patients with type 2 diabetes (as per WHO criteria) divided into two groups (35 each) to see the effect of glimepiride and pioglitazone on their blood hs-CRP level. Results: 35 type-2 diabetic patients were given glimepiride. Another 35 patients were given pioglitazone. Fasting blood sugar, HbA1c%, hs-CRP and lipid profile were estimated before and 12 weeks after intervention. The mean change of serum hs-CRP was 1.13 mg/L to 0.76 mg/L in pioglitazone group. In glimepiride group the mean change of serum hs-CRP was 0.96 mg/L to 0.94 mg/L after 12 weeks. The change was greater in pioglitazone group in comparison to glimepiride group. Conclusion: Reduction of hs-CRP was significant in the study subjects revealing its future potential in reducing the vascular complications of type - 2 diabetes mellitus. Keyword: Type-2 diabetes; hs-CRP; Glimepiride; Pioglitazone; Cardiovascular complication DOI: 10.3329/jom.v12i1.6929J Medicine 2011; 12 : 30-33

scholarly journals A breakthrough-like effect of metformin reduces peripheral resistance to triiodothyronine in euthyroid, non-insulin-resistant, type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Kertész ◽  
Szilárd Kun ◽  
Eszter Sélley ◽  
Zsuzsanna Nagy ◽  
Tamás Kőszegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Type 2 diabetes is characterized, beyond the insulin resistance, by polyhormonal resistance. Thyroid hormonal resistance has not yet been described in this population of patients. Metformin is used to decrease insulin resistance, and at present it is assumed to influence the effect of triiodothyronine, as well. Methods: In this open label, pilot, hypothesis generating, follow-up study 21 patients were included, all of them euthyroid with drug naïve, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Before and after four weeks of metformin therapy fructosamine, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), thyroid hormones, T3/T4 ratio, and TSH, as well as blood pressure and heart rate using ambulatory blood pressure monitor were measured. We also conducted an in vitro study to investigate the possible mechanisms of T3 resistance, assessing T3 induced Akt phosphorylation among normal (5 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose levels with or without metformin treatment in a human embryonal kidney cell line. Results: Metformin decreased the level of T3 (p<0.001), the ratio of T3/T4 (p=0.038), fructosamine (p=0.008) and HOMA-IR (p=0.022). All these changes were accompanied by an unchanged TSH, T4, triglyceride, plasma glucose, bodyweight, blood pressure and heart rate. In our in vitro study, T3 induced Akt phosphorylation decreased in cells grown in 25 mM glucose medium compared to those in 5 mM. Metformin could not reverse this effect. Conclusion: Metformin seems to improve T3 sensitivity in the cardiovascular system in euthyroid, type 2 diabetic patients, the mechanism of which may be supracellular.

scholarly journals Impact of a Booklet about Diabetes Genetic Susceptibility and Its Prevention on Attitudes towards Prevention and Perceived Behavioral Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Eiko Sato ◽  
Ryota Ochiai ◽  
Taiga Shibayama ◽  
Keiko Kazuma
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Patient’S View ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Information on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention should be supplied to the offspring.Methods. A six-page booklet on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention was distributed to 173 patients who ere ordered to hand it to their offspring. The patients answered a self-administered questionnaire on booklet delivery and attitudinal and behavioral changes toward diabetes and its prevention in themselves and their offspring.Results. Valid responses were obtained from 130 patients. Forty-nine patients had actually handed the booklet. Booklet induces more relief than anxiety. From the patient's view, favorable attitudinal and/or behavioral changes occurred in more than half of the offspring who were delivered the booklet.Conclusion. The booklet worked effectively on attitudes and behaviors toward diabetes and its prevention both in patients and their offspring. However, the effectiveness of patients as information deliverers was limited.

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