Considerații asupra traducerii în limba română a textului lui Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf, „Alexander I, Keiser von Russland. Ein Regierungs- und Karaktergemälde” (1814)

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Ana Catană-Spenchiu
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Historical Text ◽  
Specialized Language ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper aims to gather and provide information about a less known historical text from the beginning of the 19th century. Alexander I, Keiser von Russland. Ein Regierungs- und Karaktergemälde written by Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf is the less known booklet printed in Buda, in 1815. With an anonymous translator, the text represents an important analytical base to understand the cultural, political and social landscape in the Romanian time-frame of Enlightenment. The paper focuses on some important translation issues as: loans or adaptation, in a period of time when the translators had to adapt to a different context in order to use a specialized language for the economic, geographic and legal realities.

scholarly journals HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DISCOURSE ON THE ROLE OF ARCHETYPES IN STABILIZATION OF THE CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIANS’ NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE EMPERIAL AGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Nataliia Semerhei
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern Ukrainian researches about place and role of archetypes of Ukrainian mentality in genesis of national and cultural revival and development of the Ukrainian identity in the second half of the 19th century. Archetypes are studied as the source structure of collective unconscious national ideas, which are presented as common ideas, feelings, and stories, characters that determine social, cultural and religious traditions of ethnos. It has been found out, that within the framework of modern Ukrainian studies, integration of archetypical methodology with a research of social, cultural and spiritual aspects of development of Ukrainian society is rather slight but it considerably contrasts with the exceptional cognitive value of analysis on the domestic historical processes and events in terms of archetypes and mentality. It is shown that modern historians and social scientists identify the structural archetype components of Ukrainian mentality as factors and basis of national movement and Ukrainian revival. Modern historian G. Kasyanov determines a time frame for these events: the end of the 18th – 90s of the 20th century. At the same time, scientists pay attention to the fact that state, political and ideological conditions when Ukrainian lands were under Romanov and Habsburg Empires also influenced a structure of Ukrainian archetype. This fact caused some changes in Ukrainian identity, appearance of so called Little-Russians identity and syndrome of double loyalty (Y. Kalakura and others). Scientists consider that Ukrainian national peculiarities (agriculture, individualism, tolerance, democracy, love of freedom, peaceful nature, instability and inconsistency, lack of collective will and national solidarity) influenced the dynamics and character of state creative processes in different ways. These national peculiarities were driving force of changes and, at the same time, had destructive influence on state creative processes in imperial age. Historians believe that such fundamental principles of Ukrainian identity as archetype of motherland (agro-based production, social and historical, spiritual and cultural aspects) were formed exactly in the 19th century. In that period, such triad of Ukrainian mentality as House-Field-Temple, archetype of collegiality of ethnos and others has also emerged. The author comes to the conclusion that research of archetypes of Ukrainian mentality enables to find out the ideological source of those spiritual, national and social and cultural values and senses which became the basis for national and cultural revival in imperial age. Moreover, archetypical verification of modern public policy for the purpose its correlation to national, spiritual and cultural identity of the Ukrainians is of great importance for the progress and efficiency of modern state creative processes.

scholarly journals Przekształcenia gdańskich obiektów zabytkowych w pierwszej połowie XIX w. w kontekście rodzącej się myśli konserwatorskiej

Porta Aurea ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 62-93
Author(s):  
Magdalena Staręga
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historic Sites ◽  
Significant Aspect ◽  
Historic Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Substantial Change

The article discusses modifications in antique structures of Gdańsk in the first half of the 19th century. The exact time frame for the phenomenon explored is marked by the seizure of the city by the Kingdom of Prussia as a result of the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, and the early 1860s. It was a highly difficult period in the history of Gdańsk. Terrible economic situation resulted in an extremely small number of new, important architectonic projects being implemented. Instead, the authorities began adapting old buildings to new needs, often not without significant alterations. Other major modifications to historic structures were introduced in the course of repairs and reconstructions of deteriorated and war-damaged buildings. The first half of the 19th century is a time which saw a substantial change in the perception of historic sites and their value. The article highlights the occurrence of this process in Gdańsk. Reconstructions involving classicist stylistic forms, which gave way to the coexistence of old and new formal marks, as well as later ones, introduced in the course of regothicisation, characterised by aiming at stylistic cohesion are examined. The modifications extended to many of Gdańsk’s most important historic buildings. Architects such as Karl Friedrich Schinkel or Friedrich August Stüler were involved in the discussed process. The number and extent of undertaken redevelopments indicates that they constitute a significant aspect of the 19th-century Gdańsk architecture.

scholarly journals The Science of Polish Verse (?). Rzecz o teorii notacji poetyckiej Sidneya Laniera w kontekście współczesnych kulturowych teorii literatury

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 486-503
Author(s):  
Martyna Ujma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
English Novel ◽  
English Verse ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Way

The article presents the theoretical-literary concept developed by Sidney Lanier in the second half of the 19th century in America. The author presents the assumptions of the theory of poetic notation, primary and secondary rhythm, and the links between literature and the social landscape described by the American in “The Science of English Verse” and “The English Novel”. The considerations are included in the framework of reflection on the way of shaping contemporary cultural literary studies.

Documenting the fungal biodiversity of Australasia: from 1800 to 2000 and beyond

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom W. May
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Biodiversity Inventory ◽  
Reasonable Time Frame ◽  
On Line ◽  
Native Fungi ◽  
The 19Th Century

In the 200 years since Labillardière named Aseroë rubra from Tasmania, a rich and diverse mycota has been documented from Australasia. In the 19th century, the systematic study of Australasian fungi was mostly carried out by Northern Hemisphere mycologists, who were sent material by numerous local collectors. Documentation of the mycota in the 20th century was concentrated on fungi of importance in plant and forest pathology, but workers in these fields also contributed to knowledge of native fungi. In the last few decades there has been a greater emphasis on biodiversity inventory of native fungi, which was the focus in the 19th century. Most contributions have been by relatively isolated individuals and by visitors and there remains a paucity of systematic mycologists in the region. In recent times stronger links have developed among the mycologists of Australasia and there has been increased community involvement. Species from the region tend to be based on few specimens and type and other collections are scattered across many herbaria, including many outside of the region. There are few up-to-date monographs, but a flora series (Fungi of Australia) has recently been initiated. Knowledge of distribution, substrates and habitats is poor for most species, with the exception of common plant pathogens. The task of documenting the mycota of Australasia is enormous, but its achievement in a reasonable time frame (a century rather than a millennium) needs to be considered. Better estimates of the magnitude of biodiversity are required to guide the task. The region is well-served by checklists, censuses, catalogues and databases of fungal names and specimens. Some integration of these various data sets would be beneficial, as would availability of nomenclatural and specimen data through on-line databases. Measures are suggested for making existing information accessible, such as through interim and virtual floras.

scholarly journals La Peña del Castillo (Peñas de San Pedro, Albacete) Campaña de 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 445-461
Author(s):  
Lucía Soria Combadiera ◽  
José Ángel González Ballesteros
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Field Season ◽  
A Site ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this article, the results of the field season 2020 excavation in La Peña del Castillo (Peñas de San Pedro, Albacete) are presented. It is a site with a long and discontinuous time frame from the Late Bronze Age to the 19th century. The archaeological activities project aims to know the entity of the enclave and the different settlement patterns throughout its occupation.

scholarly journals Tradisie en vernuwing - Hierdie lewe van Karel Schoeman

Literator ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
P. A. Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Local Realism ◽  
Outstanding Achievement ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
The 19Th Century

Tradition and renewal – Hierdie lewe by Karel Schoeman Since the sixties generalizations have frequently been made regarding the difference between old (older, traditional) and new (newer, "modem") Afrikaans prose. Karel Schoeman’s novel Hierdie lewe (1993), however, shows the relativity of the dichotomy old vs. new prose. The theme of this novel is fairly traditional: a reminiscence of a life of hardship and loneliness in the South African platteland. Nevertheless the formalization of this theme is not that of the "gemoedelike lokale realisme" (a genial local realism) which N.P. van Wyk Louw referred to. The on-going process of “making strange/making unfamiliar” (Victor Shklovsky) is achieved by a specific style of writing. The novel’s merit lies in the fact that Schoeman, within the linguistic options available to him, within the focus of the chosen narrative perspective, and within the time frame of the 19th century, exhibits considerable creative mastery of the language - despite the constraints presupposed by each of these contexts. It is an outstanding achievement that Schoeman could find so many parallels and synonyms and integrate them in a diffuse but systematic way in his comprehensive novel.

Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.

Immigrant Arab Women in Chile during the Renaissance (Nahda), 1910s-1920s

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Arab Woman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.

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