Contemporary Obstetrics and Gynaecology for Developing Countries

Background: Prevalence of the episiotomy varies around the world depending on whether it is used as a routine or a restricted procedure. The rates are still higher in developing countries, like ours, since the use of restricted episiotomy is not being practiced widely in primigravidas. Methods: In our randomized comparative study of 222 women who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, the enrolled women were divided into 2 groups. In Group-A: Vicrylrapide (polygalactin-910) suture material was used in 111 patients and in Group-B chromic catgut suture material was used in another 111 patients, for repair of episiotomies. Results: In our present study in vicryl rapide group at 24-48 hrs pain was present in 49.55% of patients, redness was found in 8.10% of patients, swelling was found in 3.60% patients and analgesic used by 72.97% of patients. In chromic group at 24-48 hrs pain was present in 69.36% of patients, redness was found in 21.62%, swelling was found in 7.20% and analgesic was used by 89.18% of patients. Conclusion: Our study recommends use of vicryl rapide for episiotomy repair in the care of parturient women. Keywords: Complication, Chromic Catgut, Vicryl Rapide, Episiotomy

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Validity of clinical and sonographic diagnosis of IUGR: a comparative study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172321 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2407

Author(s):

Nisha Marhatta ◽

Indu Kaul

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

High Specificity ◽

Limited Resources ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Sonographic Diagnosis ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Ultrasound Assessment ◽

Singleton Pregnancies

Background: IUGR refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to grow to its genetically predetermined potential size. It is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The present study was conducted to compare the validity of clinical diagnosis against sonographic diagnosis of IUGR.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu from Octobar 2013 to September 2014. It included 247 women with singleton pregnancies with longitudinal lie. They underwent serial clinical assessment using SFH, AG and weight gain along with Ultrasound and Doppler of Umbilical & Middle cerebral artery. Birth weight of newborns was measured at delivery and was thereafter correlated with clinical and sonographic diagnosis; to access their validity.Results: Sensitivity of SFH in detecting IUGR was 71.4% against 75.7% by Ultrasound and was highest with Doppler of 82.9%. Specificity was 43.6% by SFH, 64.3% by Ultrasound and 86.2% by Doppler. Doppler also had the highest NPV of 92.6% against 79.1% by SFH and 86.8% by Ultrasound. The combination of clinical and ultrasound diagnosis increased the sensitivity to 95.2% and NPV to 95.91%. However, the combination of clinical and Doppler assessments did not significantly change the outcome.Conclusions: Doppler is the single best investigation available for diagnosing IUGR with a high specificity and NPV. However, importance of clinical diagnosis cannot be overlooked, especially in a developing country with limited resources like ours. In the absence of Doppler combined clinical and Ultrasound assessment should be considered.

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Changing Trends in Emergency Contraception

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v7i1.8840 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

J Roy ◽

Somajita Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Emergency Contraception ◽

Effective Means ◽

Unprotected Intercourse ◽

Postcoital Contraception ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Changing Trends

Emergency contraception is defined as the use of drugs or devices to prevent pregnancy after unprotected coitus. It is sometimes referred to as ‘morning after’ or postcoital contraception. Global rates of unintended pregnancy are alarming and would suggest that knowledge of, and access to, emergency contraception is an area that needs to be developed1. Emergency contraception has been called the best-kept contraceptive secret. Emergency contraception provides a safe and effective means of postcoital contraception and has been estimated to prevent at least 75% of expected pregnancy resulting from unprotected intercourse. Previous research shows that several regimens of postcoital contraception offer safe and effective ways for women to avoid pregnancy. Yet the methods are often unavailable to women in developing countries. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 7 / No. 1 / Issue 13 / Jan- June, 2012 / 59-63 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v7i1.8840

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FOOTLENGTH MESEAUREMENT AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL IN IDENTIFICATION OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i8.493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Gyanesh Mishra

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Low Birth Weight Babies ◽

Incident Rates

The incident rates for LBW at term conservatively estimate IUGR because when all infants below the 10the percentile of the birth-weight-for-gestational-age reference are considered, approximately 24% or 30 million newborn in developing countries would be affected each year. Prematurity and IUGR are the two main cause of LBW. The majority of LBW in developing countries is due to IUGR, while most LBW in industrialized countries is due to preterm birth. The study was conducted on five hundred and fifty newborns of either sex. The newborns were taken from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Department of Pediatrics and those present in the post-natal and post-operative ward of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.N. Medical College and Hospital. Neonatal and infant mortality rates are the sensitive indicators of child health. NMR of 37 for India and 44 per 1000 live births for UP is alarmingly high as compared to the other parts of the world. Of these neonatal deaths nearly 2/3 die within 1st weak itself. LBW and prematurity contribute to a significant proportion of the cause. Key Words: IUGR, NMR, LBW and Crown-heel length

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