Effect of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on genome instability in children living in Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Dina Alexandrovna Petrashova ◽  
S. N. Kolomeichuk

Main risks of arterial hypertension manifest in childhood. Children living in the Far North are especially susceptible to this. There is a need for an inexpensive, non-invasive and simple diagnosis of the risk of childhood pathologies. It was previously found that the genotype DD of the in/del polymorphic marker of the ACE gene is found in people at risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay and genetic analysis were used in the work. In total, 77 schoolchildren from the city of Apatity, aged 15-17 years old, were examined. We have shown that carriers of the D allele have a tendency to an increase in the frequency of cells with micronuclei. In the case of homozygous I/I variant, the frequency of occurrence of cells with karyopycnosis is significantly higher than in carriers of allele D. Polymorphic marker in/del of the ACE gene is associated with apoptotic changes in the cells of the studied children. The in/del polymorphic marker of the ACE gene can be used as a prognostic marker of the processes of genome destabilization at the early stages of development of the human body.

2017 ◽  
pp. 513-528
Author(s):  
Maciej Czapski

This contribution presents the first results of two surveys (2014, 2016) in the vicinity of the ancient city of Volubilis, situated in the southern part of the Roman province Mauretania Tingitana. The main purpose was to assess the possibilities of non-invasive research of the forts established by the Romans as part of the defensive system of Volubilis and to investigate the character of the Roman defences on the southern border. Forts were connected with watchtowers which completed the system protecting the territory in question. Many interesting fragments of pottery have been found at those sites, which may confirm Roman presence in many, though not all points. Collected field information as well as the analysis of publications leads to the conclusion that the border defence arrangements at Volubilis might not be considered as a part of a centrally organised limes system, safe guarding the entire province, but as the defensive system of the city and its surroundings.


2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1392-1401
Author(s):  
V. V. Yurchenko ◽  
Faina I. Ingel ◽  
N. A. Urtseva ◽  
E. K. Krivtsova ◽  
L. V. Akhaltseva

Introduction. Analysis of literature has shown genotoxicants (mutagens and carcinogens) to be present in the atmospheric emissions of pulp and paper industry (PPI). Moreover, among PPI workers from different countries, there was identified an additional risk of cancer, which suggests its high probability among residents of the cities where the PPI is located. The recognized index of genotoxic effects is an increased level of genome instability, which is determined, in particular, in the micronucleus test. The scope of the study - the comparative analysis of the effects of genomic instability in the two tissues - blood lymphocytes cultured with Cytochalasin B, and buccal epithelial cells in the second grade school children (8-9 years old, boys and girls), whose schools were located at different distances from the pulp and paper mill. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the city of Koryazhma, the Arkhangelsk Region (42000 citizens), where the pulp and paper plant as the city-forming industry was located. For the analysis, we subdivided the territories on which the schools were located, into 3 groups according to their distance from the pulp and paper mill. The effects of genomic instability were determined by cytome analysis in the micronucleus test. Results. Cytome analysis of cultivated lymphocytes demonstrated that levels of genome instability indices (including cell frequencies with micronuclei and nucleoplasm bridges, apoptosis, as well as changes in the spectrum of cell populations) to decrease along with the rising the distance between the pulp and paper mill and schools where the children go. In buccal epithelial cells, the manifestations of genomic instability effects were less systematic, which did not allow making a definitive conclusion. At the same time, in both tests, gender differences in the results of cytome analysis were revealed (for example, the alteration of frequency of lymphocytes with genetic damage dependence on the distance between schools and the PPI was more pronounced among boys). Conclusion. According to the results of this study and taking into consideration the data of literature, we hypothesized that the discovering of gender dimorphism in the effects of genome instability may indicate the presence of toxic and/or genotoxic compounds in an environment.


Author(s):  
С.В. Макаров ◽  
М.К. Карапетян ◽  
К.Б. Квеквескири ◽  
В.А. Спицын

Изучение наследственных факторов в детерминации долголетия представляется весьма актуальным в связи с ростом средней продолжительности жизни, поиском возможностей продления «здорового» периода в позднем отногенезе. Феномен высокой продолжительности жизни всегда вызывал особый интерес исследователей, а его изучение представляется наиболее перспективным в популяциях с достаточно большой долей долгожителей. С давних времен известны случаи ярко выраженного активного долголетия в регионе Кавказа. У долгожителей Абхазии темпы соматического развития, уровень обменных процессов и меньшая интенсивность возрастной инволюции скелета указывали на относительно «здоровый» тип старения. Среди генетических факторов, которые потенциально могли бы играть важную роль в достижении долголетия, особенно перспективным представляется изучение плейотропных генов, действие которых проявляется во множественных эффектах и обладающих высокой функциональной значимостью. Среди них особый интерес представляют те, которые определяют эффективность функционирования сердечно-сосудистой системы, а также особенности, влияющие на темп созревания и старения организма. К числу таких генов можно отнести ген ангиотензин-превращающего фермента (ACE) и ген множественной лекарственной устойчивости (ABCC11). Целью исследования был поиск закономерностей в характере распределения полиморфных вариантов плеойтропных генов ABCC11 и ACE в популяции абхазов в связи с возрастом обследуемых и наличием долгожителей в выборке. В качестве материала исследования были собраны образцы клеток буккального эпителия от коренных жителей Абхазии, подразделенных на две группы: старшего возраста (75-101 год, 79 человек) и контрольную ( 97 индивидов в возрасте от 16 до 33 лет ). Анализ распределений частот генотипов и аллелей полиморфизма 538G>A (rs17822931) гена ABCC11 показал, что группы старшего возраста и контроля очень сходны между собой и достоверные различия между выборками отсутствуют. Генотипирование по инсерционно-делеционному полиморфизму гена ACE (rs1799752) осуществлялось методом ПЦР-ПДАФ. Для контрольной группы абхазов установлены следующие частоты генотипов: II = 0,186; ID = 0,412; DD = 0,402, частоты аллелей I и D оказались равны 0,392 и 0,608 соответственно. Группа старшего возраста по частотам генотипов существенно не отличалась от контроля, генотипы II/ID/DD были распределены в соотношении 0,088/0,380/0,532, а частоты аллелей I и D оказались равны 0,278 и 0,722 соответственно. В результате исследования выявлено, что частота аллеля делеции по инсерционно-делеционному полиморфизму в гене ACE в старшей возрастной группе абхазов достоверно повышена по сравнению с контрольной группой. The study of the phenomenon of longevity is the most promising in populations with a fairly large proportion of centenarians. Since old times cases of pronounced active longevity have been widely known in the Caucasus region. The complexity of age-related processes of aging assumes the involvement of multiple complex factors that have affect on life expectancy. Therefore the study of the pleiotropic genes with their multiple effects and functions could be helpful in that case. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the multiple drug resistance gene ( ABCC11) are of great interest because of their high importance for essential vital functions. The aim of the study was the search for correlations in the frequencies distribution of polymorphic variants of pleoitropic genes ABCC11 and ACE in the population of Abkhazians with the longevity. The material included the DNA samples from indigenous residents of Abkhazia. They were divided into two groups: older age (N = 79) and control (N = 97). The differences in the frequencies distribution of 538G>A genotypes and alleles of the gene ABCC11 in the older group and control were not significant. ACE gene insertion-deletion polymorphism ( rs1799752) genotyping was performed by PCR-AFLP. The genotype frequencies were : II = 0.186; ID = 0.412; DD = 0.402, allele frequencies I and D were equal to 0.392 and 0.608 for the control group of Abkhazians. The older group did not differ significantly from the control in genotype frequencies, the ratio for II/ID/DD genotypes were as 0.088/0.380/0.532, and the frequencies of alleles I and D corresponded to 0.278 and 0.722. The obtained results revealed that the ACE gene deletion allele frequency was significantly increased in the older group of Abkhazians.


2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Freitas-Silva ◽  
Deolinda Pereira ◽  
Constança Coelho ◽  
Manuel Bicho ◽  
Carlos Lopes ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 397 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Martínez-Ríos ◽  
Marco Antonio Peña-Duque ◽  
José Manuel Fragoso ◽  
Hilda Delgadillo-Rodríguez ◽  
Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 187 (5) ◽  
pp. 1776-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel A. Zalata ◽  
Heba K. Morsy ◽  
Abd El-Naser Badawy ◽  
Samir Elhanbly ◽  
Taymour Mostafa

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document