scholarly journals Studies on Comparative Utilization of Urea and Groundnut Cake Rations by Young Growing West African Dwarf Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. O. Akinsoyinu ◽  
A. U. Mba ◽  
F. O. Olubajo

TWELVE West African Dwarf castrated goats, 6-8 months old, ranging in live-weight from 7 to 15 kg, were maintained on cassava flour-based rations with two sources of nitrogen from urea and roundnut cake. Each nitrogen source was fed to the goats at three levels of crude protein viz., 10, 17 and 24 These rations constituted the concentrate fraction as supplements to Cynodon nlemfensis. Six of the goats were slaughtered at the end of about three months on the dietary treatments, and the other six animals three months later; the overall experiment lasted for six months. It was found that the dressing-out percentage (51.2) on the groundnut cake - based supplement was not significantly higher than that of animals on the urea ration (50.0). 'The two sources of nitrogen had no effect on the major cuts, such as the thigh, loin, shoulders and also the protein contents of the organs and muscles.

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
G. A. Ibhaze ◽  
O. J. Babayemi ◽  
O. A. Olorunnisomo

A total of twelve West African Dwarf goats of an average liveweight of 9.5 ± 0.5 kg in a completely randomized design were allocated to three dietary treatments to determine the intake, acceptability and digestibility of ensiled mixtures of corncobs (CC), cassava peels (CSP) and brewers' grain (WBG). The ensiled dietary treatments were: CC/CSP, CC/WBG and CC/CSP/WB. The goats were offered the diets in a cafeteria system for the evaluation of their preferences. The Results show that the combination of corncobs with brewers' grain recorded the highest crude protein (22.06%) and least crude fibre (18.11%) values. Although, the Coefficient of Preference (CoP) was not up to unity, the highest acceptability value (0.93) was obtained for CC/CSP/WB. Significant differences were observed in dry matter intake among the treatments with goat fed diet CC/WBG having the highest value (247.49g/hd/d). Dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities were significantly (p<0.05) different among the treatments. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in crude protein digestibility values. The results of this study showed that ensiling CC with CSP or WBG or with the combination of CSP and WBG can enhance the utilization of corncobs as feed for goat.


2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
F. A. Aluko ◽  
O. E. Daramola ◽  
B. B. A. Taiwo

One hundred and twenty West African Dwarf goats were used in this study. Observations were made from twelve different towns in Yewa North, Yewa South and Abeokuta North Local Government. West African dwarf goats were evaluated for phenotypic variation at different ages ranges from 1, 2 and 3 years. Variations in live weight and body measurements such as height at wither; body length, heart girth, fore limb length, hind limb length, face length, ear length, ear width, hip width and tail length were taken. The local government areas significantly (P<0.05, 0.001) affected body length, fore limb length, ear length, ear width, hip width and live weight. Age and sex significantly (P<0.01) affected all the body measurements. The mean live weight by age groups are 6.61 + 0.31kg, 13.10 + 0.60kg and 20.18 + 0.95kg for ages 1,2 and 3 respectively. The coat colour varied from black, brown, grey to white in WAD goats. Some colours were in patches, some uniform while others were spotted


2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-306
Author(s):  
I. Ikihimioya ◽  
M. I. Okoruwa ◽  
U. I. Ikhatua

The study was conducted to determine nutrient intake and digestibility of West African dwarf goats fed graded levels of Afzelia africana and New bouldia laevisas supplements to Panicum maximum. Twenty female West African dwarf goats aged between 5 and 7 months old with mean live weight of 6.62±0.41kg were allotted to five dietary treatments with two replicates of two goats per treatment in a completely randomised design. The compared diets were: T (100% Panicum maximum), T (25%Afzelia africana and 75% Panicum maximum), T (50% Afzelia africana and 50% Panicum maximum), T (25% New bouldia laevis and 75% Panicum maximum) and T (50% Newbouldia laevis and 50% Panicum maximum). A metabolism trial was conducted at the end of the feeding trial to assess the diets on nutrient digestibility after the nutrient intake study of the goats. Results obtained showed that total hemicelluloses intake (62.48g.day ) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T compared with other diets. Total crude protein intake(43.45g.d) and hemicelluloses digestibility(92.20%)were higher significantly (p<0.001) and (p<0.01) respectively in T . Total lignin intake (36.22g.d )and organic matter digestibility (77.70%) were significantly better (p<0.05) and (p<0.01) respectively in T . Digestibility of neutral and acid detergent fibre (55.71% and 49.79%) were significantly higher (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) while dry matter digestibility (83.49%) was significantly better (p<0.01) in T than other treatment diets. Total dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and cellulose intakes with digestibility of crude protein, lignin and cellulose were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by treatment diets. It was concluded that the combination of Panicum maximum based diet with Newbouldia laevis in a ratio of 50:50 had the potential to enhance nutrient digestibility in goats.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
D. O. Ogunbosoye ◽  
G. O. Tona ◽  
A. Akinfemi ◽  
M. R. Ajani

Feed shortage which rises from seasonal feed deficits, erratic supply of feed ingredients with competition between humans and livestock for available feed resources, possesses a major constraint to goat production in Nigeria. This has led to low level of livestock productivity. In this regards, there is need to search for alternative but cheaper feedstuffs. Shea nut cake (SNC), an agro industrial waste product could be used as one of the economic strategy to ameliorate feed shortage. The current study was focused on the effect of dietary inclusion of Shea nut cake on nutrients digestibility of West African Dwarf goals using six (6) growing males WAD goats. Diets consist of 0%, 10% and 15% shea nut cake inclusion levels in combination with wheat offal, corn bran, cassava peel, cowpea husk, and the dietary treatments were designated as T1, T2, and 73 respectively. The experimental animals were allotted to three treatments in a completely randomized design with two animals per treatment. The animals were transferred into a wooden metabolic cage fitted with facilities to collect faeces which lasted for 14 days. Crude protein, ether extract, ash and neutral detergent fibre concentrations of the experimental diets were 9.18-11.37%, 2.03-2.79, 9.63-12.11% and 30.69-48.51% respectively. The result obtained for average daily weight gain was higher (p<0.05) for T2 (64.29g) compared to T1 (35.72g) and T3 (35.72g) which were similar. The feed conversion ratio showed no significant (p<0.05) effect among T1 (14.32) and T3 (14.07) while T2 (8.00) is significantly higher. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed among treatment groups for nutrients digestibility. The goats placed under T2 (10%) recorded the highest digestibility coefficient for all the nutrients. However the crude protein, ether extract, ash and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities were between 45.76-74.26%, 57.19-67.73%, 56.09-76.66% and 55.28-78.28% respectively. It was however observed that T2 (10%) SNC inclusion had the highest digestibility coefficient in all the nutrients by West African dwarf goats.


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
G. D. Eyoh ◽  
M. D. Udoh

In spite of the major role of providing meat and dairy products amongst other attributes, low animal protein intake still remains a nutritional challenge. Against this background, the effect of processed jackfruit seed meal (JFSM) as a source of protein on nutrient intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance by West African dwarf goats was investigated. The seeds were processed as raw, soaked and toasted with 5% JFSM in each processing method incorporate in feed and designated as diets B, C and D, while diet A devoid of JFSM served as the control. Four animals were randomly assigned to the diets in a 4x4 Latin square design experiment. The goats were each housed in a metabolic cage. Data was collected on nutrient intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance. Significant (P<0.05) differences were observed in nitrogen intake (g/d), nitrogen absorbed (g/d) and nitrogen balance (g/d); 7.37, 7.45, 7.40, 7.55g/d, 3.05, 3.15, 3.23, 3.40g/d and 3.66, 3.75, 3.83, 4.02g/d respectively. Similarly, apparent digestibility coefficient also showed significant difference (P<0.05) in crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and energy. Metabolic faecal nitrogen (MFN) (g-1100gDM) values were 1.38, 0.93, 0.38 and 1.75 for diets A, B, C and D respectively while digestible crude protein (DCP) g-1d-1Wkg 0.75 values were 2.13, 5.39, 2.00 and 2.45 for diets A, B, C and D respectively. This shows that the diet enhanced nutrient intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization, thus promoting positive nitrogen balance and maintenance in goats.     Malgré le rôle majeur de fournir de viande et de produits laitiers, entre autres attributs, la faible consommation de protéines animales reste un défi nutritionnel. Dans ce contexte, l'effet de la farine de graines de jacquier transformée en tant que source de protéines sur les nutriments consumés, la digestibilité et le bilan azoté des chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest a été étudié. Les graines ont été traitées comme crues, trempées et grillées avec 5% de la farine de graines de jacquier transformée dans chaque méthode de traitement, incorporées dans les aliments pour animaux et désignées sous le nom de régimes B, C et D, tandis que le régime A dépourvu de la farine de graines de jacquier transformée a servi de témoin. Quatre animaux ont été assignés au hasard aux régimes dans une expérience de conception en carré latin 4x4. Les chèvres étaient logées chacune dans une cage métabolique. Des données ont été recueillies sur l'apport en éléments nutritifs, la digestibilité et le bilan azoté. Des différences significatives (P <0.05) ont été observées dans l'apport d'azote (g / j), l'azote absorbé (g / j) et le bilan azoté (g / j) ; 7.37, 7.45, 7.40, 7.55 g / j, 3.05, 3.15, 3.23, 3.40 g / j et 3.66, 3.75, 3.83, 4.02 g / j respectivement. De même, le coefficient de digestibilité apparente a également montré une différence significative (P <0.05) dans les protéines brutes, les fibres brutes, l'extrait d'éther et l'énergie. Les valeurs d'azote fécal métabolique (NPF) (g-1100gDM) étaient respectivement de 1.38, 0.93, 0.38 et 1.75 pour les régimes A, B, C et D, tandis que les valeurs de protéine brute digestible (DCP) étaient g-1d-1Wkg 0.75 de 2.13, 5.39, 2.00 et 2.45 pour les régimes A, B, C et D respectivement. Cela montre que le régime a amélioré l'apport en nutriments, la digestibilité et l'utilisation de l'azote, favorisant ainsi l'équilibre et le maintien positifs de l'azote chez les chèvres.


Author(s):  
Ajagbe AD ◽  
Aribido SO

Objective: This study was conducted to determine nutrient intake of growing West African Dwarf goats fed different dietary models of ensiled cassava peel meal fortified with Calcium-Phosphorus salt mix. Methods: Twenty (20) growing West African Dwarf female goats aged 6–8 months with an initial weight of 8.2 kg ± 0.25 were used for the study. They were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments with five goats per treatment in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments were Diet 1 (block), Diet 2 (crunchy), Diet 3 (pellet), and Diet 4 (mash). Results: Results obtained indicated that dry matter intake ranged from 466.18 g/d to 575.53 g/day with significantly (p<0.05) higher value in pellet model while crude protein intake was higher in mash model than other treatments. Ether extract and crude fiber intake values were higher 40.13 g/day and 148.08 g/day in pellet feed model. Ash intake ranged from 61.32 g/day to 95.86 g/day. Block and crunchy models had significantly (p<0.05) higher value for ash intake while values obtained for nitrogen-free extract intake was also higher (p<0.05) in pellet model 22.62 g/day than other models. Values of fiber fractions intake obtained were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by dietary models with higher values for neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose in mash while acid detergent lignin was significantly (p<0.05) for pellet model. Conclusion: It can be concluded that supplementing goat diets with different dietary models of ensiled cassava peel meal fortified with Calcium- Phosphorus salt mix can boost intake of goats for better productive performance and productivity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
O. A. Amao ◽  
O. A. Osinowo ◽  
C. F. I. Onwuka ◽  
S. S. Abiola ◽  
M. A. Dipeolu

Udder traits of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats and factors influencing them were studied using 185 does located in South Western Nigeria. Traits evaluated were udder length (UL), udder width (UW), udder circumference (UC) and udder volume (UV). Others were teat length (TL), teat width (TW), teat circumference (TC) distance between teats (DT) and height of teat from the ground (HTG). Udder length was significantly (P<0.001) influenced by age, lactation status and liveweight. The increase in UL with age was quadratic. Lactating does had longer udders than non-lactating does by 1.93cm. Effects of lactation status and live weight on UW were highly significant (P<0.001). Lactating does had wider udders (10.40±0.30 cm) than non-lactating does (8.66 ± 0.27 cm). Udder circumference was significantly (P < 0.001) influenced by lactation status and liveweight. Lactating does had UC of 27.69 ± 2.51 cm compared to 23.79 ± 0.40 cm in non-lactating does. Age, lactation status and liveweight had significant (P<0.05) effects on UV. The increase in UV with age was significant, rising froin 637.98 ± 49.69 cm3 at 1-2 years to 934.51 ± 75.90cm3 at above 4 years. Lactating does had larger UV (923.43 ± 39.97 cm3) (P<0.001) than non-lactating does (617.61 ± 33.00 cm3). The mean values for the udder traits adjusted to that of 3-4 years old lactating doe, were for UL, 11.6 ± 0.17 cm; UW, (9.42 ± 0.13cm; UC, 25.69 ± 0.44cm and UV, 817.93 ± 25.92 cm3. Others were 2.19± 0.03, 1.09 ± 0.02, 3.40 ± 0.05, 8.87±0.12 and 16.14±0.23 cm for TL, TW, TC, DT and HTG respectively. This study showed that age, lactation status and liveweight are major factors influencing udder traits in West African Dwarf goats. A major advantage of this study is the provision of some basic information on udder Traits of West African Dwarf goats.


2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Odeyinka

Abstract. Sixteen West African Dwarf Goats (WADG) were used to study the feeding behaviour and diet selection. The animals were offered freshly cut stems with leaves and fruiting bodies of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leueoeephala and Panicum maximum. The feeding behaviour of the goats was observed and recorded whilst the preference of the animals for each diet was also monitored. Data were collected on feed intake, number of bites per minutes, and preference for each of the forages. The data on feed intake were subjeeted to one-way analysis of variance. Within 30 minutes into the feeding period, it was observed that the goats concentrated on Leucaena leueoeephala which they stmggled over for favoured positions leading to horn locking. The animals first smelt the different plants took a bite before concentrating on a particular forage. The animals usually consumed fruiting bodies and leaves of leucaena before eating the other two forages. The mean number of bites per goat per minute was 10, 8 and 6 for gliricidia, leucaena and panicum respectively. The animals exhibited bi-pedal stance during feeding. Analysis of variance showed forage intake to be significantly different (P < 0.05) among the forages. Proximate analysis of the three forages indicated that leucaena had a higher quantity of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and ether extract. (EE) compared to the other two forages, while panicum had higher CF, lower CP, ash and EE content compared to gliricidia and leucaena.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
A. A. Adeloye

Eight female, non-pregnant, non-lactating West African dwarf goats were in digestion trials in a preliminary evaluation of 2 legume orages viz Parkia filicoidea and Tephrosia bracteolata provided as leaf meals. Tephrosia sp. was well accepted at 4.14% of body weightand satisfied the requirement for production, resulting in 50g/d gains in weight. Parkiafilicoidea produced zero weight gain but its crude protein was 56.88% digested so also was ash (88.58%), even better (P<0.05) than Tephrosia bracteolata. The ash in Tephrosia sp. was 62.5% digested. Other nutrients were more than 70% digested. Nutrients were better (P<0.05) digested in Tephrosia sp. than Parkia sp. Tephrosia bracteolata leaf meal is thought good as sole feed for the goat. Parkia filicoidea Parkia filicoidea  would require some supplementation.


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