scholarly journals Effect of age, sex and local government area on linear body measurements of WAD goat in Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
F. A. Aluko ◽  
O. E. Daramola ◽  
B. B. A. Taiwo

One hundred and twenty West African Dwarf goats were used in this study. Observations were made from twelve different towns in Yewa North, Yewa South and Abeokuta North Local Government. West African dwarf goats were evaluated for phenotypic variation at different ages ranges from 1, 2 and 3 years. Variations in live weight and body measurements such as height at wither; body length, heart girth, fore limb length, hind limb length, face length, ear length, ear width, hip width and tail length were taken. The local government areas significantly (P<0.05, 0.001) affected body length, fore limb length, ear length, ear width, hip width and live weight. Age and sex significantly (P<0.01) affected all the body measurements. The mean live weight by age groups are 6.61 + 0.31kg, 13.10 + 0.60kg and 20.18 + 0.95kg for ages 1,2 and 3 respectively. The coat colour varied from black, brown, grey to white in WAD goats. Some colours were in patches, some uniform while others were spotted

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
E. A. Rotimi ◽  
A. M. Aliyu ◽  
A. Aruwayo

Information on morphological characteristics is a prerequisite to sustainable breed classification and conservation for proper management and utilization. The present study aimed to identify morphological characteristics that best classify the Sahel, Sokoto Red and West African Dwarf goats of Nigeria. A total of 584 goats of both sexes; Sahel (N = 163), Sokoto Red (N = 171) and West African Dwarf (N = 250) were randomly sampled and used for this study. The body parameters measured included body weight (BWT), height at wither (HW), body length (BL), paunch girth (PG), heart girth (HG) and ear length (EL). Multivariate technique of discriminant analysis procedure of SPSS 20.0 statistical package was used to classify the Sahel, Sokoto Red and West African Dwarf goats into their original breed. Accuracy of the classification was checked using cross-validation (leave-one-out, jack-knife or split-sample) procedure. Results showed that the mean body weight (kg) of Sokoto Red was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of Sahel and West African Dwarf goats (23.596, 17.117 and 14.800 respectively). Highest correlation values were recorded between body weight and height at withers (0.777) in Sahel, body weight and paunch girth (0.707) in Sokoto Red and body weight and heart girth (0.797) in West African Dwarf goats. The discriminant analysis on body weight and the linear body measurements revealed that paunch girth and height at withers were the most discriminating variables and clearly separated and classified the three goat breeds into their breeds of origin. The discriminant function obtained correctly classified 99.0% of individuals from the sample of known goat populations. The classification accuracy of the function was cross-validated using the split sample method, and indicated a 99.0% success rate (97.5%, 100.0% and 99.2% of Sahel, Sokoto Red and West African Dwarf goats respectively). It was concluded that there was a clear separation between Barcha and Atlas goats. It was concluded that discriminant tool may be used successfully in the field to classify Sahel, Sokoto Red and West African Dwarf in the field, however there is need to complement this with molecular characterization using DNA marker for better conservation and improvement programme of indigenous goat genetic resources.   L'information sur les caractéristiques morphologiques est une condition préalable à la classification et à la conservation durables des races pour une gestion et une utilisation appropriées. Cet étude visait à identifier les caractéristiques morphologiques qui classent le mieux les chèvres sahéliennes, rouges de Sokoto et naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest du Nigeria. Un total de 584 chèvres des deux sexes ; Sahel (N = 163), Sokoto Red (N = 171) et West African Dwarf (N = 250) ont été échantillonnés au hasard et utilisés pour cette étude. Les paramètres corporels mesurés comprenaient le poids corporel (PC), la hauteur au garrot (HG), lalongueur du corps (BL), la circonférence de la panse (CP), la circonférence du cœur (CC) et la longueur des oreilles (LO). La technique multivariée de la procédure d'analyse discriminante du progiciel statistique SPSS 20.0 a été utilisée pour classer les chèvres sahéliennes, rouges de Sokoto et naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest dans leur race d'origine. L'exactitude de la classification a été vérifiée à l'aide d'une procédure de validation croisée (en laisser un, un couteau ou un échantillon divisé). Les résultats ont montré que le poids corporel moyen (kg) de Sokoto Red était significativement (P<0,05) supérieur à celui des chèvres naines du Sahel et d'Afrique de l'Ouest (23,596, 17,117 et 14,800 respectivement). Les valeurs de corrélation les plus élevées ont été enregistrées entre le poids corporel et la hauteur au garrot (0,777) au Sahel, le poids corporel et la circonférence de la panse (0,707) chez le Sokoto Red et le poids corporel et la circonférence cardiaque (0,797) chez les chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest. L'analyse discriminante sur le poids corporel et les mesures corporelles linéaires ont révélé que la circonférence de la panse et la hauteur au garrot étaient les variables les plus discriminantes et ont clairement séparé et classé les trois races caprines dans leurs races d'origine. La fonction discriminante obtenue a correctement classé 99,0 % des individus de l'échantillon de populations caprines connues. La précision de la classification de la fonction a été contre-validée à l'aide de la méthode de l'échantillon divisé et a indiqué un taux de réussite de 99,0 % (respectivement 97,5 %, 100,0 % et 99,2 % des chèvres sahéliennes, rouges de Sokoto et naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest). Il a été conclu qu'il y avait une nette séparation entre les chèvres Barcha et Atlas. Il a été conclu que l'outil discriminant peut être utilisé avec succès sur le terrain pour classer le Sahel, le rouge de Sokoto et le nain d'Afrique de l'Ouest sur le terrain, mais il est nécessaire de le compléter par une caractérisation moléculaire à l'aide d'un marqueur ADN pour une meilleure conservation et un programme d'amélioration de la génétique caprine indigène. Ressources.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
E. N. Nwachukwu ◽  
G. U. Okoji.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of crossbreeding on body weight and morphometric traits of crossbred buck kids produced from a mating of Red Sokoto(RS) and West African Dwarf(WAD) goats in a humid tropical environment. Results showed that the main crossbred (RS x WAD) buck kids had significantly higher body weight at 20 weeks (8.98 ± 0.43kg) than the reciprocal (WAD X RS) individuals (8.22± 0.12kg) . The Red Sokoto (RS X RS) buck kids maintained overall superiority for body weight (10.48  ±0.49kg) and other morphometric traits namely; body length (72.62 ± 3.18cm), height-at-withers (54.62 ± 3.10cm) and heart girth (63.20 ± 2.41cm)than other genetic groups. Direct and percentage heterosis for body weight and the morphometric traits were positive for the RS x WAD buck kids except for body length which was negative. The reciprocal WAD x RS buck kids had negative values for all measured parameters indicating that the WAD sired buck kids showed no improvement for these body traits following crossbreeding. It was therefore concluded that rapid improvement in growth traits of WAD goats could be achieved by main crossbreeding involving mating of RS bucks with WAD does.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
M.O. OTUMA ◽  
S. I. OMEJE ◽  
S. O. ALAKU ◽  
F. OGAH

Six Red Sokoto (RS) and six West African Dwarf goats (WAD) aged 12 months and housed individually were reared for five months at the Small Ruminants Improvement and Multiplication Research Unit of ESUT, Abakaliki Campus. The animals were allowed to graze in the University Paddocks containing both native and introduced pastures, browse plants and leguminous herbage. The grazing period lasted from 0800 - 1200 hours in the morning and 1500 - 1700 in afternoon daily and between these two periods they were fed supplemental diets. The results showed that there were highly significant difference amongst the members of the genotypes whose mean body weights were ranged from 24.71 $ 0.083 - 40.750 0.55 (RS) and from 14,98+ 0.47 - 27.52 0.73kg (WAD). The heights at the withers and body length measurements also showed a highly significant increase (P< 0.01) in the genotype during the period. The two genotypes differed remarkably (P< 0.01) from each other with RS being superior in body weight and height at the withers, and body length. However, the measurements taken of the thigh size and hearth girth circumference revealed no real difference between the RS and WAD (P >0.05). The findings indicate anthropometric areas requiring genetic improvement among the WAD, and at the same time serve as a pointer to the amount of response shown by the Maradi goats to management in the wet humid tropical environment to which it was being exposed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. O. Akinsoyinu ◽  
A. U. Mba ◽  
F. O. Olubajo

TWELVE West African Dwarf castrated goats, 6-8 months old, ranging in live-weight from 7 to 15 kg, were maintained on cassava flour-based rations with two sources of nitrogen from urea and roundnut cake. Each nitrogen source was fed to the goats at three levels of crude protein viz., 10, 17 and 24 These rations constituted the concentrate fraction as supplements to Cynodon nlemfensis. Six of the goats were slaughtered at the end of about three months on the dietary treatments, and the other six animals three months later; the overall experiment lasted for six months. It was found that the dressing-out percentage (51.2) on the groundnut cake - based supplement was not significantly higher than that of animals on the urea ration (50.0). 'The two sources of nitrogen had no effect on the major cuts, such as the thigh, loin, shoulders and also the protein contents of the organs and muscles.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
O. A. Amao ◽  
O. A. Osinowo ◽  
C. F. I. Onwuka ◽  
S. S. Abiola ◽  
M. A. Dipeolu

Udder traits of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats and factors influencing them were studied using 185 does located in South Western Nigeria. Traits evaluated were udder length (UL), udder width (UW), udder circumference (UC) and udder volume (UV). Others were teat length (TL), teat width (TW), teat circumference (TC) distance between teats (DT) and height of teat from the ground (HTG). Udder length was significantly (P<0.001) influenced by age, lactation status and liveweight. The increase in UL with age was quadratic. Lactating does had longer udders than non-lactating does by 1.93cm. Effects of lactation status and live weight on UW were highly significant (P<0.001). Lactating does had wider udders (10.40±0.30 cm) than non-lactating does (8.66 ± 0.27 cm). Udder circumference was significantly (P < 0.001) influenced by lactation status and liveweight. Lactating does had UC of 27.69 ± 2.51 cm compared to 23.79 ± 0.40 cm in non-lactating does. Age, lactation status and liveweight had significant (P<0.05) effects on UV. The increase in UV with age was significant, rising froin 637.98 ± 49.69 cm3 at 1-2 years to 934.51 ± 75.90cm3 at above 4 years. Lactating does had larger UV (923.43 ± 39.97 cm3) (P<0.001) than non-lactating does (617.61 ± 33.00 cm3). The mean values for the udder traits adjusted to that of 3-4 years old lactating doe, were for UL, 11.6 ± 0.17 cm; UW, (9.42 ± 0.13cm; UC, 25.69 ± 0.44cm and UV, 817.93 ± 25.92 cm3. Others were 2.19± 0.03, 1.09 ± 0.02, 3.40 ± 0.05, 8.87±0.12 and 16.14±0.23 cm for TL, TW, TC, DT and HTG respectively. This study showed that age, lactation status and liveweight are major factors influencing udder traits in West African Dwarf goats. A major advantage of this study is the provision of some basic information on udder Traits of West African Dwarf goats.


2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiriyu Idowu Ola ◽  
Waliu Ajani Sanni ◽  
Gabriel Egbunike

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
S. M. Odeyinka ◽  
A. A. Ademosun

The study evaluated the effects of level of feed offer on dry matter intake (DMI) , digestibility, the parts of plants selected and on the growth rate of West African dwarf (WAD) goats without resulting in toxicity. Seven different levels of feed offer ranging from 40g/kg0.75/day to 130Wkg0.75/day in increments of 15g/kg0.75) were fed to two groups of goats. The first group was fed 100% Gliricidia while the while the second was fed 50% Gliricidia and 50% Leucaena diet (50/50). The level of feed offer had significant effect on the DIM and digestible DMI (DDMI) of the goat (P < 0.01). The Leucaena intake in a 50/50 diet was always higher than the Gliricidia intake except at 55g1kg0.75 offer level. The level of feed offer had significant effects on the parts of plants selected (P < 0.01.) and on the growth rate. The leaf intake was statistically higher than the stem intake (P < 0.01). All the goats on 40g/kg0.75 and 55g/kg0.75 on a 100% Gliricidia diet lost weight while only those on 40g/kg0.75 lost weight on a 50/50 diet. There was no significant difference in the growth rate of goats on feed offer levels of 70g to 130g/kg0.75 (P > 0.05). The study indicate that goats performance was higher on a mixed browse diet than on Gliricidia alone. Goats performed best at 100g/kg0.75 offer level.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLuwatosin Christie Raimi ◽  
Abiodun Adefunmilayo Adeloye

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding ensiled graded combinations of cocoa pod, cassava pulp and Acacia leaf on haematological and serum biochemical of West African Dwarf goats. In the bid to control environmental pollution, the wastes of cocoa and cassava were applied as alternative feed ingredients for the goat in spite of its low nutrients’ quality and digestibility. A total of Twenty-eight (28) WAD goats (bucks), aged 4 to 5 months with average body weight of 7.00±0.2kg was used in a completely randomized design for a 45 days study to evaluate the blood profiles of goats fed diet combinations (0:60:40) to (60:0:40). The results revealed significant differences in some of the blood parameters measured among the treatments. The red blood cell, packed cell volume and haemoglobin ranged from 4.90-7.87x106/ul, 19.25-26.83% and 7.33-11.15g/L respectively. The concentrations of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration varied significantly (p < 0.05), white blood cell (5.57-9.75x109L) were comparable and lymphocytes (%) ranged from 43.85-55.67. For serum biochemistry, values obtained for total protein and albumin with sodium followed the same trend while cholesterol, urea, creatinine and glucose followed the same trend. Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate aminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase varied significantly (p<0.05) among the treatment groups. Since the parameters measured were within the normal range for goats’ blood profile, combinations of cocoa pod, cassava pulp with acacia leaves in the ratio of 0:60:40 to 20:40:40 as browse plants do not have any deleterious effect on the health of the animals.


2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jaitner ◽  
M. Njie ◽  
N. Corr ◽  
L. Dempfle

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-370
Author(s):  
O. O. Falola ◽  
O. O. Olufayo

Vetiver is a perennial grass of tropical origin, commonly used as edge row plants for the control of erosion. Being leafy and with a high tillering ability, it has not been properly integrated as forage for ruminants. Thus, an experiment was carried out to determine the effect of ensiling a four week re-growth of vetiver grass with cassava peels on rumen and blood metabolites of West African dwarf goats. Sixteen goats were used for the study. A completely randomized design was used with four animals per treatment. Vetiver grass was ensiled with cassava peels at ratio (A) 80:20, (B) 70:30, (C) 60:40 and (D) 50:50 were provided ad-libtum at 5% body weight. Rumen and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment which lasted for 90 days. Results of the study showed rumen ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration of 7.25-7.93mg/100mL, and pH of 6.75-6.81. Variations among the treatments were within the acceptable range for rumen microbial activity. There was a uniformly low plasma urea (4.36-5.16mm/l). Glucose (85.36-89.04g/dL), total protein (6.42- 7.50g/dL), cholesterol (60.95-66.19g/dL), haemoglobin (10.9-12.7g/100ml), packed cell volume (30.0-31.0%) and white blood cell (10.25-10.67×103/ul) were within the range reported for healthy goats. Ensiled vetiver grass with cassava peels had no detrimental effects on the rumen and blood parameters of the experimental animals.


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