scholarly journals Genetic diversity of pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT 1) gene in Nigerian local and exotic chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
B. O. Agaviezor ◽  
C. S. Chukwuemeka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Transcription Factor 1 ◽  
Segregating Sites

This study was carried out to investigate the genetic diversity of PIT1 gene in Nigerian local and exotic chicken breeds. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of Isa brown, Shika brown and Naked neck chickens which was used to amplify the PIT1 gene and later sequenced. Sequences were aligned and analyzed using Mega 6.0 and DNASp. The results revealed that Naked neck had 181 monomorphic sites and the least was observed in Isa brown (34). However, Isa brown had the highest number of polymorphic site (181) and the least was observed in Shika brown. Singleton variable sites also varied across breeds. Number of segregating sites was highest in Isa brown (174). The highest number of haplotypes was observed in Isa brown (11). Highest number of indel sites were observed in Isa brown (46) chickens. The highest estimates of average evolutionary divergence over sequence pairs within chicken breeds was observed in Isa brown (0.766) and the least in Shika brown (0.15). The highest genetic distance is between Isa brown and Naked neck and the least between Naked neck and Shika brown. The result obtained from this study revealed a clearer understanding of the genetic diversity in PIT1 gene across the different breeds. This information can be harnessed for better policies for conservation and breeding programs.

Ampelographic characterization of white grapevine cul-tivars (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Palestine

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rezq Basheer-Salimia
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Synonymies And Homonymies

Abstract: In Palestine, grape culture consists of ecotypes and cultivars (also called local varieties), for which a large number of homonymous and synonymous designations exist as well as misnaming of cultivars. The present study is the first report using detailed ampelographic characterizations (39 informative traits) to assess genetic diversity and detect similarities among sixteen accessions collected from putative diverse grape genotypes In general, 30 descriptors presented highly and satisfactory divergent genotypes, whereas the remaining traits showed no or very little ampelographic variation. Based on the similarity matrix and the resulting dendrogram of these ampelographic data, distinguishable genotypes as well as some cases of synonymies and homonymies clearly exist. A synonymy case seemed to be in four genotypes including Jandali-Mfarad, Jan-dali-Mrazraz, Jandali, and Hamadani-Mattar, which indeed showed genetic distances of less than 0.5, sug-gesting their relatedness, and the possibility that they are the same genotype, but with different names. In addition, homonym cases also occur in the following pairs of “Marawi’s, Hamadani’s, and Zaini’s genotypes, in which each pair seems to be two distinctive genotypes. Finally, among the 16 examined genotypes, the Zaini-Baladi genotype tended to show the highest genetic distance values from the others and thus could be potentially incorporated into any further local or regional breeding programs as well as germplasm conservation.

scholarly journals Utilization of Molecular Marker Based Genetic Diversity Patterns in Hybrid Parents to Develop Better Forage Quality Multi-Cut Hybrids in Pearl Millet

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govintharaj Ponnaiah ◽  
Shashi Kumar Gupta ◽  
Michael Blümmel ◽  
Maheswaran Marappa ◽  
Sumathi Pichaikannu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Clear Cut

Genetic diversity of 130 forage-type hybrid parents of pearl millet was investigated based on multiple season data of morphological traits and two type of markers: SSRs (Simple sequence repeats) and GBS identified SNPs (Genotyping by sequencing-Single nucleotide polymorphism). Most of the seed and pollinator parents clustered into two clear-cut separate groups based on marker based genetic distance. Significant variations were found for forage related morphological traits at different cutting intervals (first and second cut) in hybrid parents. Across two cuts, crude protein (CP) varied from 11% to 15%, while in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) varied from 51% to 56%. Eighty hybrids evaluated in multi-location trial along with their parents for forage traits showed that significant heterosis can be realized for forage traits. A low but positive significant correlation found between SSR based genetic distance (GD between parents of hybrid) and heterosis for most of the forage traits indicated that SSR-based GD can be used for predicting heterosis for GFY, DFY and CP in pearl millet. An attempt was made to associate marker-based clusters with forage quality traits, to enable breeders select parents for crossing purposes in forage breeding programs.

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Distance Between Twelve Chinese Indigenous Chicken Breeds Based on Microsatellite Markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ya-Bo . ◽  
Wang Jin-Yu . ◽  
D.M. Mekki . ◽  
Tang Qing-Ping . ◽  
Li Hui-Fang . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Chicken Breeds

scholarly journals Study genetic diversity in maize inbreds and improved hybrid vigor in hybrids produce to determine commercial hybrids in Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-731
Author(s):  
Ziyad A. Abed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Maize Inbreds ◽  
High Level

 A field experiments was conducted in greenhouse to determinate the genetic diversity among 7 genotypes from maize(4 inbreds and 3hybrids) by using molecular markers with Random Amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD),that shown high level of polymorphism among genotypes of maize ,where the percentage of polymorphism ranged from(66%) and (83.33%) the highest number of polymorphism band (16) and size fragment ranged between (3800 bp) with the primer ( Bnlg 1185 ) and the lowest 180 with the primer( Bnlg 1464).The genetic distance value ranged between (0.3451) and (0.6534) ,where the lowest genic distance between (k1 and k2),while the highest genetic distance between(k4) and (k3xk4).In this study RAPD markers were shown to be powerful to detect genetic diversity and provided us high polymorphism values within genotypes of maize ,also we can conclude for useful those primers for genetic studies in plant breeding programs for developing synthetic cultivars or improved inbreds of maize. 

Ampelographic characterization of white grapevine cul-tivars (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Palestine

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rezq Basheer-Salimia
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Synonymies And Homonymies

Abstract: In Palestine, grape culture consists of ecotypes and cultivars (also called local varieties), for which a large number of homonymous and synonymous designations exist as well as misnaming of cultivars. The present study is the first report using detailed ampelographic characterizations (39 informative traits) to assess genetic diversity and detect similarities among sixteen accessions collected from putative diverse grape genotypes In general, 30 descriptors presented highly and satisfactory divergent genotypes, whereas the remaining traits showed no or very little ampelographic variation. Based on the similarity matrix and the resulting dendrogram of these ampelographic data, distinguishable genotypes as well as some cases of synonymies and homonymies clearly exist. A synonymy case seemed to be in four genotypes including Jandali-Mfarad, Jan-dali-Mrazraz, Jandali, and Hamadani-Mattar, which indeed showed genetic distances of less than 0.5, sug-gesting their relatedness, and the possibility that they are the same genotype, but with different names. In addition, homonym cases also occur in the following pairs of “Marawi’s, Hamadani’s, and Zaini’s genotypes, in which each pair seems to be two distinctive genotypes. Finally, among the 16 examined genotypes, the Zaini-Baladi genotype tended to show the highest genetic distance values from the others and thus could be potentially incorporated into any further local or regional breeding programs as well as germplasm conservation.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among some commercial cucumber varieties and genotypes using RAPD markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
SM Faisal ◽  
MS Haque ◽  
KM Nasiruddin ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
MA Shrafuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Cluster 2

Genetic variability among the genotypes of any species could be utilized for its improvement. PCR-based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to determine the genetic diversity and relationship among 10 cucumber varieties and genotypes. Five decamer primers were used to amplify genomic DNA and the primers yielded a total of 54 bands of which 36 bands were polymorphic and 18 bands were monomorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s (1972) genetic distance indicated segregation of 10 cucumber varieties and genotypes into two main clusters. Variety Joti alone grouped in cluster 1 while variety Green Master, Shahi-50, Shikha, Shila, Shital, Naogaon-5, Shohag-50, Giant Long and genotype CS-043 grouped in cluster 2. Variety Shila was very close to variety Shital with the least genetic distance (0.1712). The highest genetic distance (0.5352) was found between Joti and Naogaon-5. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17081 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):51-63, 2011

scholarly journals A Study on the Genetic Variation in Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Iran by Molecular DNA Markers (RAPD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Ahangaran ◽  
Mahmood Gharaviri ◽  
Majid Masoumian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Ctab Method

Thirty ecotypes of licorice (a medicinal plant) from all of Iran were collected and genetically evaluated. To assess the genetic diversity of licorice, genomic DNA was extracted using Winnepenninckx method (CTAB method). 12 random primers were used to perform PCR. All 12 primers showed obvious and repeatable bands. Totally, 1343 bands were produced. Bands size varied from 250 to 5000 bp. Percentage of polymorphism and polymorphic loci was 88.83% and 95.5%, respectively. The highest number of band was related to primer OPN-08 (band 188). The highest similarity between Esfaraien and Bojnourd ecotypes is equal to 0.647. Kermanshah and Orumieh ecotypes had the lowest similarity that was 0.3. Dendrogram divided 30 ecotypes into 5 groups in terms of genetic distance. Generally, surveying the variation in genotypes of licorice using RAPD marker showed that this marker can be useful in identifying the polymorphism, estimating the genetic distance, and managing germplasm.

scholarly journals Estimating genetic diversity and population structure of 22 chicken breeds in Asia using microsatellite markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1896-1904
Author(s):  
Hee-Jong Roh ◽  
Seung-Chang Kim ◽  
Chang-Yeon Cho ◽  
Jinwook Lee ◽  
Dayeon Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Chicken Breeds

Objective: Estimating the genetic diversity and structures, both within and among chicken breeds, is critical for the identification and conservation of valuable genetic resources. In chickens, microsatellite (MS) marker polymorphisms have previously been widely used to evaluate these distinctions. Our objective was to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships among 22 chicken breeds in Asia based on allelic frequencies.Methods: We used 469 genomic DNA samples from 22 chicken breeds from eight Asian countries (South Korea, KNG, KNB, KNR, KNW, KNY, KNO; Laos, LYO, LCH, LBB, LOU; Indonesia, INK, INS, ING; Vietnam, VTN, VNH; Mongolia, MGN; Kyrgyzstan, KGPS; Nepal, NPS; Sri Lanka, SBC) and three imported breeds (RIR, Rhode Island Red; WLG, White Leghorn; CON, Cornish). Their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using 20 MS markers.Results: In total, 193 alleles were observed across all 20 MS markers, and the number of alleles ranged from 3 (MCW0103) to 20 (LEI0192) with a mean of 9.7 overall. The NPS breed had the highest expected heterozygosity (H<sub>exp</sub>, 0.718±0.027) and polymorphism information content (PIC, 0.663±0.030). Additionally, the observed heterozygosity (H<sub>obs</sub>) was highest in LCH (0.690±0.039), whereas WLG showed the lowest H<sub>exp</sub> (0.372±0.055), H<sub>obs</sub> (0.384±0.019), and PIC (0.325±0.049). Nei’s DA genetic distance was the closest between VTN and VNH (0.086), and farthest between KNG and MGN (0.503). Principal coordinate analysis showed similar results to the phylogenetic analysis, and three axes explained 56.2% of the variance (axis 1, 19.17%; 2, 18.92%; 3, 18.11%). STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the 22 chicken breeds should be divided into 20 clusters, based on the highest ΔK value (46.92).Conclusion: This study provides a basis for future genetic variation studies and the development of conservation strategies for 22 chicken breeds in Asia.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Chili Cultivars Using RAPD Markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
MM Uddin ◽  
MI Khalil ◽  
MS Haque ◽  
MB Meah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Genetic Identity ◽  
Cluster 2

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay was performed to estimate genetic polymorphisim in ten chili cultivars. Out of 12 primers four (OPA11, OPB03, OPB04 and OPB17) showed amplification of genomic DNA and generated 21 distinct score able bands of which 17 (80.95%) were polymorphic. The highest percentage (85.71) polymorphic locus was found in OPB03 while the lowest (66.67) in OPA11. The highest genetic distance was computed between Jamalpur Balujuri and Matal marich with the lowest genetic identity as against the lowest genetic distance between Hajari marich and Balujuri marich. The UPGMA dendogram indicated segregation of ten chili varieties and genotypes into two main clusters. Variety Bogra marich and Matal marich formed cluster 1 and Balujuri marich, Deshi marich, Jamalpuri balujuri, Bindu marich, Syloti, Hajari, Biroli city, and the genotype Ausadhebrara grouped in cluster 2. The result indicates the genetic diversity among the chili cultivars and RAPD marker could be used for improvement of chili varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i2.14201 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(2): 127-136, 2012 (December)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document