scholarly journals Interactive comment on “Improving regional air quality predictions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain-Case study of an intensive pollution episode in November 2017” by Behrooz Roozitalab et al.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Pollution Episode ◽  
Regional Air Quality ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

scholarly journals Improving regional air quality predictions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain – case study of an intensive pollution episode in November 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 2837-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Roozitalab ◽  
Gregory R. Carmichael ◽  
Sarath K. Guttikunda
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Central India ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Fire Emissions ◽  
Pollution Episode ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

Abstract. The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) experienced an intensive air pollution episode during November 2017. Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a coupled meteorology–chemistry model, was used to simulate this episode. In order to capture PM2.5 peaks, we modified input chemical boundary conditions and biomass burning emissions. The Community Atmosphere Model with Chemistry (CAM-chem) and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) global models provided gaseous and aerosol chemical boundary conditions, respectively. We also incorporated Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) active fire points to fill in missing fire emissions in the Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN) and scaled by a factor of 7 for an 8 d period. Evaluations against various observations indicated the model captured the temporal trend very well although missed the peaks on 7, 8, and 10 November. Modeled aerosol composition in Delhi showed secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs) and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) comprised 30 % and 27 % of total PM2.5 concentration, respectively, during November, with a modeled OC/BC ratio of 2.72. Back trajectories showed agricultural fires in Punjab were the major source for extremely polluted days in Delhi. Furthermore, high concentrations above the boundary layers in vertical profiles suggested either the plume rise in the model released the emissions too high or the model did not mix the smoke down fast enough. Results also showed long-range-transported dust did not affect Delhi's air quality during the episode. Spatial plots showed averaged aerosol optical depth (AOD) of 0.58 (±0.4) over November. The model AODs were biased high over central India and low over the eastern IGP, indicating improving emissions in the eastern IGP can significantly improve the air quality predictions. We also found high ozone concentrations over the domain, which indicates ozone should be considered in future air quality management strategies alongside particulate matter.

scholarly journals Improving regional air quality predictions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain-Case study of an intensive pollution episode in November 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Roozitalab ◽  
Gregory R. Carmichael ◽  
Sarath K. Guttikunda
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Central India ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Fire Emissions ◽  
Pollution Episode ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

Abstract. Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) experienced an intensive air pollution episode during November 2017. Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a coupled meteorology–chemistry model, was used to simulate this episode. In order to capture PM2.5 peaks, we modified input chemical boundary conditions and biomass burning emissions. CAM-Chem and MERRA-2 global models provided gaseous and aerosol chemical boundary conditions, respectively. We also incorporated VIIRS active fire points to fill missing fire emissions in FINN and scaled by a factor of seven for an 8-days period. Evaluations against various observations indicated the model captured the temporal trend very well although missed the peaks on Nov. 7th, 8th, and 10th. Modeled aerosol composition in Delhi showed Secondary Inorganic Aerosols (SIA) and Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA) comprised 30 % and 27 % of total PM2.5 concentration, respectively, during November, with a modeled OC / BC ratio of 2.72. Back trajectories showed agricultural fires in Punjab were the major source for extremely polluted days in Delhi. Furthermore, high concentrations above the boundary layers in vertical profiles suggested either the plume rise in the model released the emissions too high, or the model did not mix the smoke down fast enough. Results also showed long-range transported dusts did not affect Delhi's air quality during the episode. Spatial plots showed averaged Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) of 0.58 (± 0.4) over November. The model AODs were biased high over central India and low over eastern IGP, indicating improving emissions in eastern IGP can significantly improve the air quality predictions. We also found high ozone concentrations over the domain, which indicates ozone should be considered in future air quality management strategies alongside particulate matters.

scholarly journals Radiative Impact of Fireworks at a Tropical Indian Location: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Singh ◽  
A. K. Srivastava ◽  
S. Tiwari ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
R. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Scattering Coefficients ◽  
Aerosol Absorption ◽  
Aerosol Scattering ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
Diwali Festival ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

During Diwali festival, extensive burning of crackers and fireworks is made. Weeklong intensive observational campaign for aerosol study was carried out at a representative urban location in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), Varanasi (25.3°N, 83.0°E), from October 29 to November 04, 2005 (Diwali on November 01, 2005), to investigate behavioral change of aerosol properties and radiative forcing between firework affected and nonaffected periods. Results show a substantial increase (~27%) in aerosol optical depth, aerosol absorption coefficients, and aerosol scattering coefficients during affected period as compared to non-affected periods. Magnitudes of radiative forcing at top of atmosphere during affected and non-affected periods are found to be +10 ± 1 and +12 ± 1 Wm−2, respectively, which are −31 ± 7 and −17 ± 5 Wm−2, respectively, at surface. It suggests an additional cooling of ~20% at top of atmosphere, ~45% cooling at surface, and additional atmospheric heating of 0.23 Kday−1during fireworks affected period, which is ~30% higher than the non-affected period average.

Prediction of Surface Settlement Due to Deep Excavation in Indo-Gangetic Plain: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Aswathy ◽  
M. Vinoth ◽  
Achal Mittal ◽  
Siddharth Behera
Keyword(s):  
Surface Settlement ◽  
Deep Excavation ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

Release To Reorganization: A Case Study Of Indo-Gangetic Plain During 1700 Bc To 1200 Bc.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-149
Author(s):  
DILIP KUMAR KUSHWAHA ◽  
DALJEET SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Harappan Civilization ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

An important debate in Indian archaeology revolves around the questions such as what happened after the collapse of ‘Harappan Civilization' or where those people went, when did the classic Harappan traits from the pottery, bead, seal and town planning disappear. Archaeologists gave different explanations and answers to these questions. For a long archaeologist, have made various attempts to find a possible explanation for the problem such as Aryan invasion, flood, climate change, economic and administrative disintegration. J.P. Joshi put another theoretical answer of interlocking phase between late Harappa and Painted Grey Ware culture forward after the excavation of sites like Bhagwanpura, Dadheri, Katplalon, and Nagar. Preceded by small interlocking phase traits of late Harappan culture disappeared from these sites.

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