scholarly journals Chemical characterization of submicron regional background aerosols in the Western Mediterranean using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 965-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Minguillón ◽  
A. Ripoll ◽  
N. Pérez ◽  
A. S. H. Prévôt ◽  
F. Canonaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Submicron Aerosol ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
Multilinear Engine

Abstract. An Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM, Aerodyne Research Inc.) was deployed at Montseny (MSY, 720 m a.s.l.) regional background site in the Western Mediterranean from June 2012 to July 2013 to measure real-time inorganic (nitrate, sulphate, ammonium and chloride) and organic submicron aerosol concentrations. Co-located measurements were also carried out including real-time submicron particulate matter (PM1) and black carbon (BC) concentrations, and off-line PM1 chemical analysis. This is one of the few studies that compare ACSM data with off-line PM1 measurements, avoiding the tail of the coarse mode included in the PM2.5 fraction. The ACSM + BC concentrations agreed with the PM1 measurements, and strong correlation was found between the concentrations of ACSM species and the off-line measurements, although some discrepancies remain unexplained. Results point to a current underestimation of the relative ionization efficiency (RIE) established for organic aerosol (OA), which should be revised in the future. The OA was the major component of submicron aerosol (53% of PM1), with a higher contribution in summer (58% of PM1) than in winter (45% of PM1). Source apportionment of OA was carried out by applying Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) using the Multilinear Engine (ME-2) to the organic mass spectral data matrix. Three sources were identified in summer: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), low-volatile oxygenated OA (LV-OOA), and semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SV-OOA). The secondary OA (SOA, 4.7 μg m−3, sum of LV-OOA and SV-OOA) accounted for 85% of the total OA and its formation during daytime (mainly SV-OOA) was estimated to be 1.1 μg m−3. In winter, HOA was also identified (12% of OA), a contribution from biomass burning OA was included, and it was not possible to differentiate two different SOA factors but a single OOA factor was resolved. The OOA contribution represented the 60% of the total OA, with a degree of oxidation higher than both OOA summer factors. An intense wildfire episode was studied obtaining a region-specific BBOA profile.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of submicron regional background aerosols in the western Mediterranean using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 6379-6391 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Minguillón ◽  
A. Ripoll ◽  
N. Pérez ◽  
A. S. H. Prévôt ◽  
F. Canonaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Submicron Aerosol ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
Multilinear Engine

Abstract. An Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM, Aerodyne Research Inc.) was deployed at the Montseny (MSY; 41° 46'46" N, 02° 21'29" E, 720 m a.s.l.) regional background site in the western Mediterranean, Spain, from June 2012 to July 2013 to measure real-time inorganic (nitrate, sulfate, ammonium and chloride) and organic submicron aerosol concentrations. Co-located measurements, including real-time submicron particulate matter (PM1) and black carbon (BC) concentrations, and off-line PM1 chemical analysis were also carried out. This is one of the few studies that compare ACSM data with off-line PM1 measurements, avoiding the tail of the coarse mode included in the PM2.5 fraction. The ACSM + BC concentrations agreed with the PM1 measurements, and a strong correlation was found between the concentrations of ACSM species and the off-line measurements, although some discrepancies remain unexplained. Results point to a current underestimation of the relative ionization efficiency (RIE) established for organic aerosol (OA), which should be revised in the future. The OA was the major component of submicron aerosol (53% of PM1), with a higher contribution in summer (58% of PM1) than in winter (45% of PM1). Source apportionment of OA was carried out by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF), using the multilinear engine (ME-2) to the organic mass spectral data matrix. Three sources were identified in summer: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), low-volatile oxygenated OA (LV-OOA), and semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SV-OOA). The secondary OA (SOA; 4.8 μg m−3, sum of LV-OOA and SV-OOA) accounted for 85% of the total OA, and its formation during daytime (mainly SV-OOA) was estimated to be 1.1 μg m−3. In winter, HOA was also identified (12% of OA), a contribution from biomass burning OA (BBOA) was included and it was not possible to differentiate between two different SOA factors, but a single oxygenated OA (OOA) factor was resolved. The OOA contribution represented 60% of the total OA, with a degree of oxidation higher than both OOA summer factors. An intense wildfire episode was studied, obtaining a region-specific BBOA profile.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of PM1 at a Regional Background Site in the Western Mediterranean

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Galindo ◽  
Eduardo Yubero ◽  
Jose F. Nicolás ◽  
Javier Crespo ◽  
Rubén Soler
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Background Site ◽  
Regional Background

Real-Time Continuous Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Derived from Isoprene Epoxydiols in Downtown Atlanta, Georgia, Using the Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 5686-5694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini ◽  
Manjula R. Canagaratna ◽  
Philip L. Croteau ◽  
Wendy J. Marth ◽  
Karsten Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol

scholarly journals Long-term real-time chemical characterization of submicron aerosols at Montsec (southern Pyrenees, 1570 m a.s.l.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2935-2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ripoll ◽  
M. C. Minguillón ◽  
J. Pey ◽  
J. L. Jimenez ◽  
D. A. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Air Mass Origin

Abstract. Real-time measurements of inorganic (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride and black carbon (BC)) and organic submicron aerosols (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 1 μm) from a continental background site (Montsec, MSC, 1570 m a.s.l.) in the western Mediterranean Basin (WMB) were conducted for 10 months (July 2011–April 2012). An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was co-located with other online and offline PM1 measurements. Analyses of the hourly, diurnal, and seasonal variations are presented here, for the first time, for this region. Seasonal trends in PM1 components are attributed to variations in evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, air mass origin, and meteorological conditions. In summer, the higher temperature and solar radiation increases convection, enhancing the growth of the PBL and the transport of anthropogenic pollutants towards high altitude sites. Furthermore, the regional recirculation of air masses over the WMB creates a continuous increase in the background concentrations of PM1 components and causes the formation of reservoir layers at relatively high altitudes. The combination of all these atmospheric processes results in a high variability of PM1 components, with poorly defined daily patterns, except for the organic aerosols (OA). OA was mostly composed (up to 90%) of oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA), split in two types: semivolatile (SV-OOA) and low-volatility (LV-OOA), the rest being hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA). The marked diurnal cycles of OA components regardless of the air mass origin indicates that they are not only associated with anthropogenic and long-range-transported secondary OA (SOA) but also with recently produced biogenic SOA. Very different conditions drive the aerosol phenomenology in winter at MSC. The thermal inversions and the lower vertical development of the PBL leave MSC in the free troposphere most of the day, being affected by PBL air masses only after midday, when the mountain breezes transport emissions from the adjacent valleys and plains to the top of the mountain. This results in clear diurnal patterns of both organic and inorganic concentrations. OA was also mainly composed (71%) of OOA, with contributions from HOA (5%) and biomass burning OA (BBOA; 24%). Moreover, in winter sporadic long-range transport from mainland Europe is observed. The results obtained in the present study highlight the importance of SOA formation processes at a remote site such as MSC, especially in summer. Additional research is needed to characterize the sources and processes of SOA formation at remote sites.

Chemical characterization of submicron aerosol in summertime Beijing: A case study in southern suburbs in 2018

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 125918
Author(s):  
Tianzeng Chen ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yongchun Liu ◽  
Qingxin Ma ◽  
Yanli Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Submicron Aerosol

RECENT EXPERIENCE FROM MULTIPLE REMOTE SENSING AND MONITORING TO IMPROVE OIL SPILL RESPONSE OPERATIONS

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans V. Jensen ◽  
Jørn H. S. Andersen ◽  
Per S. Daling ◽  
Elisabeth Nøst
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Aerial Surveillance ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT Introducing regular aerial surveillance in 1981 and near-real time radar satellite detection services in 1992, Norway has obtained a substantial experience in multi sensor oil spill remote sensing. Since 2001 NOFO has been a driving force in the development and utilization of ship-based sensors for short to medium range oil spill detection, supplementing airborne and satellite remote sensing. During the NOFO Oil On Water Exercise in 2006 two satellites, four aircraft, one helicopter and two ships carrying wide range of sensors provided a unique opportunity to assess and compare remote sensing field data synchronized with ground-truth sampling from three sampling MOB-boats. The sampling boats were equipped for doing oil slick thickness measurements and physical-chemical characterization of the surface oil properties. A new vessel-based dispersant application system was field tested executing dispersant treatment of two oil slicks while supported by live infrared video transmitted to the vessel from helicopter. The success of this experiment was documented by extensive monitoring and characterization of the surface oil and the dispersed oil plume during and after the dispersant treatment. This guiding technique, in using aerial forward looking IR-video live transmission from helicopter and remote sensing aircraft, has been practiced later during a recent accidental oil spill on the Norwegian continental shelf. To utilize multiple remote sensors operationally from a response vessel, it is necessary to compare signatures from different sensors in near real time. This paper describes core elements of the remote sensing and ground-truth monitoring during oil on water exercises in recent years, lessons learned and how NOFO will continue developing remote sensing operations related to oil spill combating in reduced visibility and light conditions.

Chemical characterization of fine particles (PM2.5) at a coastal site in the South Western Mediterranean during the ChArMex experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 20427-20445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Lemou ◽  
Lyes Rabhi ◽  
Hamza Merabet ◽  
Riad Ladji ◽  
José B Nicolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
The South ◽  
Coastal Site

scholarly journals Long-term real-time chemical characterization of submicron aerosols at Montsec (Southern Pyrenees, 1570 m a.s.l.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 28809-28844 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ripoll ◽  
M. C. Minguillón ◽  
J. Pey ◽  
J. L. Jimenez ◽  
D. A. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Air Mass Origin

Abstract. Real-time measurements of inorganic (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride and black carbon (BC)) and organic submicron aerosols from a continental background site (Montsec, MSC, 1570 m a.s.l.) in the Western Mediterranean Basin (WMB) were conducted for 10 months (July 2011–April 2012). An Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) was co-located with other on-line and off-line PM1 measurements. Analyses of the hourly, diurnal, and seasonal variations are presented here, for the first time for this region. Seasonal trends in PM1 components are attributed to variations in: evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, air mass origin, and meteorological conditions. In summer, the higher temperature and solar radiation increases convection, enhancing the growth of the PBL and the transport of anthropogenic pollutants towards high altitude sites. Furthermore, the regional recirculation of air masses over the WMB creates a continuous increase in the background concentrations of PM1 components and causes the formation of reserve strata at relatively high altitudes. Sporadically, MSC is affected by air masses from North Africa. The combination of all these atmospheric processes at local, regional and continental scales results in a high variability of PM1 components, with poorly defined daily patterns, except for the organic aerosols (OA). OA was mostly oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA), with two different types: semi-volatile (SV-OOA) and low-volatile (LV-OOA), and both showed marked diurnal cycles regardless of the air mass origin, especially SV-OOA. This different diurnal variation compared to inorganic aerosols suggested that OA components at MSC are not only associated with anthropogenic and long-range-transported secondary OA (SOA), but also with recently-produced biogenic SOA. Very different conditions drive the aerosol phenomenology in winter at MSC. The thermal inversions and the lower vertical development of the PBL leave MSC in the free troposphere most of the day, being affected by PBL air masses only after midday, when the mountain breezes transport emissions from the adjacent valleys and plains to the top of the mountain. This results in clear diurnal patterns of both organic and inorganic concentrations. Moreover, in winter sporadic long-range transport from mainland Europe is observed and leads to less marked diurnal patterns. The results obtained in the present study highlight the importance of SOA formation processes at a remote site such as MSC, especially in summer. Additional research is needed to characterize the sources of SOA at remote sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document