scholarly journals Different responses of ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and CH<sub>4</sub> uptake to seasonally asymmetric warming in an alpine grassland of the Tianshan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3529-3537
Author(s):  
Yanming Gong ◽  
Ping Yue ◽  
Kaihui Li ◽  
Anwar Mohammat ◽  
Yanyan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Ch4 Uptake ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

Abstract. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seasonally asymmetric warming on ecosystem respiration (Re), CH4 uptake, and N2O emissions in alpine grassland of the Tianshan of central Asia, from October 2016 to September 2019. The annual means of Re, CH4, and N2O fluxes in growing season were 42.83 mg C m−2 h−1, −41.57 µg C m−2 h−1, and 4.98 µg N m−2 h−1, respectively. Furthermore, warming during the non-growing season increased Re and CH4 uptake by 7.9 % and 10.6 % in the growing season and 10.5 % and 9.2 % in the non-growing season, respectively. However, the increase in N2O emission in the growing season was mainly caused by the warming during the growing season (by 29.7 %). The warming throughout the year and warming during the non-growing season increased N2O emissions by 101.9 % and 192.3 % in the non-growing season, respectively. The Re, CH4 uptake, and N2O emissions were positively correlated with soil temperature. Our results suggested that Re, CH4 uptake, and N2O emissions were regulated by soil temperature, rather than soil moisture, in the case of seasonally asymmetric warming. In addition, the response rate was defined by the changes in greenhouse gas fluxes driven by warming. In our field experiment, we observed the stimulatory effect of warming during the non-growing season on Re and CH4 uptake. In contrast, the response rates of Re and N2O emissions were gradually attenuated by long-term annual warming, and the response rate of Re was also weakened by warming over the growing season. These findings highlight the importance of warming in the non-growing season in regulating greenhouse gas fluxes, a finding which is crucial for improving our understanding of C and N cycles under the scenarios of global warming.

Greenhouse gas fluxes of Wadden Sea salt marshes strongly vary among different vegetation zones

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Fuss ◽  
Norman Rueggen ◽  
Peter Mueller ◽  
Stefanie Nolte ◽  
Lars Kutzbach
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
High Marsh ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

&lt;p&gt;Salt marshes are highly valuable Blue Carbon ecosystems in the transition zone between marine and terrestrial environments. They play an important role in mitigating climate change due to high carbon sequestration rates through photosynthetic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; uptake. However, it is poorly understood when and under which conditions they act as sinks or sources for other greenhouse gases like CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O.&amp;#160; A&amp;#160;complex interplay of abiotic and biotic factors characterizes the biogeochemistry of these dynamic coastal wetland ecosystems. This interplay is in turn controlled by elevation in respect to mean high water level and the resulting inundation frequency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We measured land&amp;#8209;atmosphere fluxes of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; due to ecosystem respiration at Hamburger&amp;#160;Hallig, North Frisia, Germany, combining a closed chamber approach with in&amp;#160;situ&amp;#8209;measurements of a portable Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer (DX4015,&amp;#160;Gasmet). Biweekly (Apr-Sept) and monthly (Oct-Mar) campaigns have started in December&amp;#160;2018 and cover the whole elevational gradient from the pioneer zone over the low marsh up to the high marsh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While ecosystem respiration showed high variability over the seasonal course with fluxes up to +67&amp;#160;mmol*h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;*m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O fluxes indicated a strong dependence on elevation and thus vegetation zone. Emissions of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; occurred only in the most frequently flooded pioneer zone (+0.17 to +0.35 &amp;#181;mol*h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;*m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;), whereas the less frequently flooded zones of the low and high marsh acted as CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; sinks (down to -1.1 &amp;#181;mol*h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;*m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;). Contrastingly, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O solely showed positive fluxes (up&amp;#160;to&amp;#160;+1.0&amp;#160;&amp;#181;mol*h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;*m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;) in the high marsh and the more frequently flooded zones acted as sinks for N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O (down to &amp;#8209;0.21 &amp;#181;mol*h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;*m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;). Air temperature and tidal sea water level fluctuations could already be identified as additional environmental drivers of varying greenhouse gas fluxes. Further analysis of abiotic and biotic driver variables will elucidate their impact in detail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our findings show that salt marshes are not only effective in assimilating CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. They also show the ability to take up the strong greenhouse gases CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O in certain vegetation zones, emphasizing their important role in mitigating global warming.&lt;/p&gt;

Fertilizer Application Timing Influences Greenhouse Gas Fluxes Over a Growing Season

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1569-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Phillips ◽  
Donald L. Tanaka ◽  
David W. Archer ◽  
Jon D. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

Greenhouse gas fluxes at a continental tundra site in NE Siberia and radiative forcing of advancing of the growing season

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 082006
Author(s):  
Michiel van der Molen ◽  
K van Huissteden ◽  
F-J Parmentier ◽  
R de Jeu ◽  
T Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

Effects of nitrogen application on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in Eucalyptus plantation during growing season

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
李睿达 LI Ruida ◽  
张凯 ZHANG Kai ◽  
苏丹 SU Dan ◽  
逯非 LU Fei ◽  
万五星 WAN Wuxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

scholarly journals The growing season greenhouse gas balance of a continental tundra site in the Indigirka lowlands, NE Siberia

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. van der Molen ◽  
J. van Huissteden ◽  
F. J. W. Parmentier ◽  
A. M. R. Petrescu ◽  
A. J. Dolman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Balance ◽  
Area Index ◽  
North East ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Gas Balance

Abstract. Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes were measured at a tundra site near Chokurdakh, in the lowlands of the Indigirka river in north-east Siberia. This site is one of the few stations on Russian tundra and it is different from most other tundra flux stations in its continentality. A suite of methods was applied to determine the fluxes of NEE, GPP, Reco and methane, including eddy covariance, chambers and leaf cuvettes. Net carbon dioxide fluxes were high compared with other tundra sites, with NEE=−92 g C m−2 yr−1, which is composed of an Reco=+141 g C m−2 yr−1 and GPP=−232 g C m−2 yr−1. This large carbon dioxide sink may be explained by the continental climate, that is reflected in low winter soil temperatures (−14°C), reducing the respiration rates, and short, relatively warm summers, stimulating high photosynthesis rates. Interannual variability in GPP was dominated by the frequency of light limitation (Rg<200 W m−2), whereas Reco depends most directly on soil temperature and time in the growing season, which serves as a proxy of the combined effects of active layer depth, leaf area index, soil moisture and substrate availability. The methane flux, in units of global warming potential, was +28 g C-CO2e m−2 yr−1, so that the greenhouse gas balance was −64 g C-CO2e m−2 yr−1. Methane fluxes depended only slightly on soil temperature and were highly sensitive to hydrological conditions and vegetation composition.

Greenhouse gas fluxes in a no-tillage chronosequence in Central Ohio

2022 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 105313
Author(s):  
Serdar Bilen ◽  
Pierre-Andre Jacinthe ◽  
Raj Shrestha ◽  
Sindhu Jagadamma ◽  
Toru Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

Remotely sensed temperature is a proxy of greenhouse gas emissions in intact and managed peatlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ain Kull ◽  
Iuliia Burdun ◽  
Gert Veber ◽  
Oleksandr Karasov ◽  
Martin Maddison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Gas Emissions

&lt;p&gt;Besides water table depth, soil temperature is one of the main drivers of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in intact and managed peatlands. In this work, we evaluate the performance of remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) as a proxy of greenhouse gas emissions in intact, drained and extracted peatlands. For this, we used chamber-measured carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) data from seven peatlands in Estonia collected during vegetation season in 2017&amp;#8211;2020. Additionally, we used temperature and water table depth data measured in situ. We studied relationships between CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, in-situ parameters and remotely sensed LST from Landsat 7 and 8, and MODIS Terra. Results of our study suggest that LST has stronger relationships with surface and soil temperature as well as with ecosystem respiration (R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt;) over drained and extracted sites than over intact ones. Over the extracted cites the correlation between R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt; CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and LST is 0.7, and over the drained sites correlation is 0.5. In natural sites, we revealed a moderate positive relationship between LST and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emitted in hollows (correlation is 0.6) while it is weak in hummocks (correlation is 0.3). Our study contributes to the better understanding of relationships between greenhouse gas emissions and their remotely sensed proxies over peatlands with different management status and enables better spatial assessment of GHG emissions in drainage affected northern temperate peatlands.&lt;/p&gt;

Monitoring Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Agro-ecosystems

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Sunayan Saha ◽  
Paramjit Singh Minhas ◽  
Ramlal Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes
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