Final author response to “BVOC emissions from English oak (Quercus robur) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) along a latitudinal gradient”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva van Meeningen
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Author Response ◽  
English Oak

scholarly journals BVOC emissions from English oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) and European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>) along a latitudinal gradient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva Persson ◽  
Guy Schurgers ◽  
Riikka Rinnan ◽  
Thomas Holst
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
English Oak

Abstract. English oak (Quercus robur) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) are amongst the most common tree species growing in Europe, influencing the annual Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound (BVOC) budget in this region. Studies have shown great variability in the emissions from these tree species, originating from both genetic variability and differences in climatic conditions between study sites. In this study, we examine the emission patterns for English oak and European beech in genetically identical individuals and the potential variation within and between sites. Leaf scale BVOC emissions, net assimilation rates and stomatal conductance were measured at the International Phenological Garden sites of Ljubljana (Slovenia), Grafrath (Germany) and Taastrup (Denmark). Sampling was conducted during three campaigns between May and July 2014. Our results show that English oak mainly emitted isoprene whilst European beech released monoterpenes. The relative contribution of the most emitted compounds from the two species remained stable across latitudes. The contribution of isoprene for English oak from Grafrath and Taastrup ranged between 92–97 % of the total BVOC emissions, whilst sabinene and limonene for European beech ranged between 30.5–40.5 % and 9–15 % respectively for all three sites. The relative contribution of isoprene for English oak at Ljubljana was lower (78 %) in comparison to the other sites, most likely caused by frost damage in early spring. The variability in total leaf-level emission rates from the same site was small, whereas there were greater differences between sites. These differences were probably caused by short-term weather events and plant stress. A difference in age did not seem to affect the emission patterns for the selected trees. This study highlights the significance of within-genotypic variation of BVOC emission capacities for English oak and European beech, the influence of climatic variables such as temperature and light on emission intensities and the potential stability in relative compound contribution across a latitudinal gradient.

scholarly journals BVOC emissions from English oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) and European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>) along a latitudinal gradient

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 6067-6080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva van Meeningen ◽  
Guy Schurgers ◽  
Riikka Rinnan ◽  
Thomas Holst
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
English Oak

Abstract. English oak (Quercus robur) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) are amongst the most common tree species growing in Europe, influencing the annual biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) budget in this region. Studies have shown great variability in the emissions from these tree species, originating from both genetic variability and differences in climatic conditions between study sites. In this study, we examine the emission patterns for English oak and European beech in genetically identical individuals and the potential variation within and between sites. Leaf scale BVOC emissions, net assimilation rates and stomatal conductance were measured at the International Phenological Garden sites of Ljubljana (Slovenia), Grafrath (Germany) and Taastrup (Denmark). Sampling was conducted during three campaigns between May and July 2014. Our results show that English oak mainly emitted isoprene whilst European beech released monoterpenes. The relative contribution of the most emitted compounds from the two species remained stable across latitudes. The contribution of isoprene for English oak from Grafrath and Taastrup ranged between 92 and 97 % of the total BVOC emissions, whilst sabinene and limonene for European beech ranged from 30.5 to 40.5 and 9 to 15 % respectively for all three sites. The relative contribution of isoprene for English oak at Ljubljana was lower (78 %) in comparison to the other sites, most likely caused by frost damage in early spring. The variability in total leaf-level emission rates from the same site was small, whereas there were greater differences between sites. These differences were probably caused by short-term weather events and plant stress. A difference in age did not seem to affect the emission patterns for the selected trees. This study highlights the significance of within-genotypic variation of BVOC emission capacities for English oak and European beech, the influence of climatic variables such as temperature and light on emission intensities and the potential stability in relative compound contribution across a latitudinal gradient.

scholarly journals Influence of Moisture Content for Bonding Quality of European Beech and English Oak

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pipíška ◽  
Pavel Král
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Bonding Quality ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
English Oak

This study focused on the comparison of the bonding quality of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.), due to variability of moisture content (MC) in the wood. Hardwood species as a material, often yield a more difficult drying process, which can cause problems between various MC in the process of bonding. Specimens were bonded in two groups of MCs: 10/10% (control) and 6/14%. After reaching the equilibrium MC in standard conditions, specimens were cut into sample dimensions. Afterward the specimens were tested for bonding quality according to the EN 13354. In general, there is increase of the bonding quality for both hardwood species in different MC specimens. Statistically significant increase was notable in oak. With exception of the MUF adhesive, there were statistical difference between control and 6/14% MC group for oak.

scholarly journals The Potential of a Chlorophyll Content SPAD Meter to Quantify Nutrient Stress in Foliar Tissue of Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), English Oak (Quercus robur), and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica)

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Glynn Percival ◽  
Ian Keary ◽  
Kelly Noviss
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
N Content ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
English Oak ◽  
Spad Readings ◽  
Spad Meter

The chlorophyll content (or SPAD meter) is a simple, portable diagnostic tool that measures the greenness or relative chlorophyll content of leaves. Compared with the traditional destructive methods of chlorophyll extraction, the use of this equipment saves time, space, and resources. The objective of this study was to establish a correlation between the leaf photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophylls, carotenoids) extracted in aqueous acetone, total leaf nitrogen (N) content, and chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm values with the SPAD-502 readings in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), beech (Fagus sylvatica), and English oak (Quercus robur) leaves displaying visual symptoms of N deficiency. In addition, this study aimed to determine a critical foliar N content below which a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency occurs. Irrespective of species, high correlations were recorded between SPAD readings, total leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content, foliar N content, and leaf photosynthetic efficiency as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm values; however, a poor correlation between SPAD values and total chlorophyll:carotenoid ratios was obtained. In the case of Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, and Quercus robur, SPAD readings lower than 25 indicated impairment of leaf photosynthetic process that in turn were correlated with a foliar N content less than 1.5%, a value associated with a critical N deficiency. Results of this study indicate that the chlorophyll content SPAD-502 m potentially offers a useful nondestructive, handheld system to aid in the evaluation of tree health. However, users should be aware of the limitations of this system. Consistency in sample collection and seasonal timing may necessitate species and cultivar calibration equations to correlate SPAD values with reductions in tree vitality.

Automatic Measurement of Vessel Lumen Area and Diameter With Particular Reference to Pedunculate Oak and Common Beech

IAWA Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gasson
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Lumen Area ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Image Analyser

A method for measuring cell diameter and area in transverse seetions of wood with an automatie image analyser is described. The parameters measured were vessel lumen area, vcssel lumen diameter and percentage conductive area (PCA). The automatie image analyser was used to measure these parameters in root, trunk and branch wood of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). The measurements were compared with those obtained with a digitiser from sampies of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and Turner's oak (Quercus × turneri Willd. = Quercus ilex × Q. rabur). Both techniques permit the rapid examination of transverse seetions of wood and the accumulation of a large data base. The automatie method is more rapid than the semi-automatic one using a digitiser, the measurements are more accurate and the method is less labour intensive. The data obtained permit the interpretation of variation in vessel size and distribution throughout the tree and relate this to the water carrying capacity .of the xylem. In Quercus robur, PCA and vessel diameter tend to increase [rom immature aerial, to mature aerial, to root xylem, whereas in Fagus sylvatica although vessel diameter tends to show the same trend, PCA does not. The conclusions reached for Quercus ilex and Q. × turneri were less definite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document