scholarly journals Review of Ocean-related global change alters lipid biomarker production in common marine phytoplankton

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Lipid Biomarker

scholarly journals Ocean-related global change alters lipid biomarker production in common marine phytoplankton

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Bi ◽  
Stefanie M. H. Ismar-Rebitz ◽  
Ulrich Sommer ◽  
Hailong Zhang ◽  
Meixun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Lipid Biomarkers ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Lipid Biomarker

Abstract. Global change concurrently alters multiple environmental factors, with uncertain consequences for marine ecosystems. Lipids, in their function as trophic markers in food webs and organic matter source indicators in water column and sediments, provide a tool for reconstructing the complexity of global change effects. It remains unclear how ongoing changes in multiple environmental drivers affect the production of key lipid biomarkers in marine phytoplankton. Here, we tested the responses of sterols, alkenones and fatty acids (FAs) in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the cryptophyte Rhodomonas sp. and the haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi under a full-factorial combination of three temperatures (12, 18 and 24 °C), three N : P supply ratios (molar ratios 10 : 1, 24 : 1 and 63 : 1) and two pCO2 levels (560 and 2400 µatm) in semi-continuous culturing experiments. Overall, N and P deficiency had a stronger effect on per-cell contents of sterols, alkenones and FAs than warming and enhanced pCO2. Specifically, P deficiency caused an overall increase in biomarker production in most cases, while N deficiency, warming and high pCO2 caused non-systematic changes. Under future ocean scenarios, we predict an overall decrease in carbon-normalized contents of sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in E. huxleyi and P. tricornutum, and a decrease in sterols but an increase in PUFAs in Rhodomonas sp. Variable contents of lipid biomarkers indicate a diverse carbon allocation between marine phytoplankton species in response to changing environments. Thus, it is necessary to consider the changes in key lipids and their consequences for food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, when predicting the influence of global change on marine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Ocean-related global change alters lipid biomarker production in common marine phytoplankton

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 6287-6307
Author(s):  
Rong Bi ◽  
Stefanie M. H. Ismar-Rebitz ◽  
Ulrich Sommer ◽  
Hailong Zhang ◽  
Meixun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Lipid Biomarkers ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Lipid Biomarker

Abstract. Lipids, in their function as trophic markers in food webs and organic matter source indicators in the water column and sediments, provide a tool for reconstructing the complexity of global change effects on aquatic ecosystems. It remains unclear how ongoing changes in multiple environmental drivers affect the production of key lipid biomarkers in marine phytoplankton. Here, we tested the responses of sterols, alkenones and fatty acids (FAs) in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the cryptophyte Rhodomonas sp. and the haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi under a full-factorial combination of three temperatures (12, 18 and 24 ∘C), three N : P supply ratios (molar ratios 10 : 1, 24 : 1 and 63 : 1) and two pCO2 levels (560 and 2400 µatm) in semicontinuous culturing experiments. Overall, N and P deficiency had a stronger effect on per-cell contents of sterols, alkenones and FAs than warming and enhanced pCO2. Specifically, P deficiency caused an overall increase in biomarker production in most cases, while N deficiency, warming and high pCO2 caused nonsystematic changes. Under future ocean scenarios, we predict an overall decrease in carbon-normalized contents of sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in E. huxleyi and P. tricornutum and a decrease in sterols but an increase in PUFAs in Rhodomonas sp. Variable contents of lipid biomarkers indicate a diverse carbon allocation between marine phytoplankton species in response to changing environments. Thus, it is necessary to consider the changes in key lipids and their consequences for food-web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, when predicting the influence of global change on marine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Comment on ''Effects of long-term high CO<sub>2</sub> exposure on two species of coccolithophore'' by Müller et al. (2010)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2199-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Price Equation ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Phenotypic Change ◽  
Marine Microbes ◽  
Marine Microbe

Abstract. Populations can respond to environmental change over tens or hundreds of generations by shifts in phenotype that can be the result of a sustained physiological response, evolutionary (genetic) change, shifts in community composition, or some combination of these factors. Microbes evolve on human timescales, and evolution may contribute to marine phytoplankton responses to global change over the coming decades. However, it is still unknown whether evolutionary responses are likely to contribute significantly to phenotypic change in marine microbial communities under high pCO2 regimes or other aspects of global change. Recent work by Müller et al. (2010) highlights that long-term responses of marine microbes to global change must be empirically measured and the underlying cause of changes in phenotype explained. Here, I briefly discuss how tools from experimental microbial evolution may be used to detect and measure evolutionary responses in marine phytoplankton grown in high CO2 environments and other environments of interest. I outline why the particular biology of marine microbes makes conventional experimental evolution challenging right now and make a case that marine microbes are good candidates for the development of new model systems in experimental evolution. I suggest that "black box" frameworks that focus on partitioning phenotypic change, such as the Price equation, may be useful in cases where direct measurements of evolutionary responses alone are difficult, and that such approaches could be used to test hypotheses about the underlying causes of phenotypic shifts in marine microbe communities responding to global change.

Physio-ecological responses of Patagonian coastal marine phytoplankton in a scenario of global change: Role of acidification, nutrients and solar UVR

2015 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Villafañe ◽  
Macarena S. Valiñas ◽  
Marco J. Cabrerizo ◽  
E. Walter Helbling
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Ecological Responses ◽  
Coastal Marine

scholarly journals Multiple global change stressor effects on phytoplankton nutrient acquisition in a future ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1798) ◽  
pp. 20190706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedmer B. Van de Waal ◽  
Elena Litchman
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Small Phytoplankton ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Microbial Groups

Predicting the effects of multiple global change stressors on microbial communities remains a challenge because of the complex interactions among those factors. Here, we explore the combined effects of major global change stressors on nutrient acquisition traits in marine phytoplankton. Nutrient limitation constrains phytoplankton production in large parts of the present-day oceans, and is expected to increase owing to climate change, potentially favouring small phytoplankton that are better adapted to oligotrophic conditions. However, other stressors, such as elevated p CO 2 , rising temperatures and higher light levels, may reduce general metabolic and photosynthetic costs, allowing the reallocation of energy to the acquisition of increasingly limiting nutrients. We propose that this energy reallocation in response to major global change stressors may be more effective in large-celled phytoplankton species and, thus, could indirectly benefit large-more than small-celled phytoplankton, offsetting, at least partially, competitive disadvantages of large cells in a future ocean. Thus, considering the size-dependent responses to multiple stressors may provide a more nuanced understanding of how different microbial groups would fare in the future climate and what effects that would have on ecosystem functioning. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology’.

Lipid biomarker production by marine phytoplankton under different nutrient and temperature regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 34-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ding ◽  
Rong Bi ◽  
Julian Sachs ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Hailong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Lipid Biomarker

scholarly journals Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Masuda ◽  
Ondřej Prášil ◽  
Virginia E. Villafañe ◽  
Macarena S. Valiñas ◽  
Keisuke Inomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Estuarine Site ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Patagonian Coast

Effect of global change variables on the structure and photosynthesis of phytoplankton communities was evaluated in three different sites of the Patagonian coast of Argentina: enclosed bay (Puerto Madryn, PM), estuarine (Playa Unión, PU), and open waters (Isla Escondida, IE). We exposed samples to two contrasting scenarios: Present (nutrients at in situ levels) vs. Future (with lowered pH and higher nutrients inputs), and determined growth and photosynthetic responses after 2 days of acclimation. Under the Future condition phytoplankton growth was higher in the estuarine site compared to those in PM and IE. This effect was the most pronounced on large diatoms. While the increase of photosynthetic activity was not always observed in the Future scenario, the lower photosynthetic electron requirement for carbon fixation (Φe,C = ETR/PmB) in this scenario compared to the Present, suggests a more effective energy utilization. Long-term experiments were also conducted to assess the responses along a 4 days acclimation period in PU. Diatoms benefited from the Future conditions and had significantly higher growth rates than in the Present. In addition, Φe,C was lower after the acclimation period in the Future scenario, compared to the Present. Our results suggest that the availability, frequency and amount of nutrients play a key role when evaluating the effects of global change on natural phytoplankton communities. The observed changes in diatom growth under the Future scenario in PU and IE and photosynthesis may have implications in the local trophodynamics by bottom up control.

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