scholarly journals Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 9163-9207 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hassler ◽  
M. D. Corre ◽  
A. Tjoa ◽  
M. Damris ◽  
S. R. Utami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Soil Atmosphere ◽  
Ch4 Uptake ◽  
Tropical Landscape

Abstract. Expansion of palm oil and rubber production, for which global demand is increasing, causes rapid deforestation in Sumatra, Indonesia and is expected to continue in the next decades. Our study aimed to (1) quantify changes in soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes with land-use change, and (2) determine their controlling factors. In Jambi Province, Sumatra, we selected two landscapes on heavily weathered soils that differ mainly in texture: loam and clay Acrisol soils. At each landscape, we investigated the reference land uses: forest and secondary forest with regenerating rubber, and the converted land uses: rubber (7–17 years old) and oil palm plantations (9–16 years old). We measured soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes monthly from December 2012 to December 2013. Annual soil CO2 fluxes from the reference land uses were correlated with soil fertility: low extractable phosphorus (P) coincided with high annual CO2 fluxes from the loam Acrisol soil that had lower fertility than the clay Acrisol soil (P < 0.05). Soil CO2 fluxes from the oil palm decreased compared to the other land uses (P < 0.01). Across land uses, annual CO2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (C) and negatively correlated with 15N signatures, extractable P and base saturation. This suggests that the reduced soil CO2 fluxes from oil palm was a result of strongly decomposed soil organic matter due to reduced litter input, and possible reduction in C allocation to roots due to improved soil fertility from liming and P fertilization in these plantations. Soil CH4 uptake in the reference land uses was negatively correlated with net nitrogen (N) mineralization and soil mineral N, suggesting N limitation of CH4 uptake, and positively correlated with exchangeable aluminum (Al), indicating decrease in methanotrophic activity at high Al saturation. Reduction in soil CH4 uptake in the converted land uses compared to the reference land uses (P < 0.01) was due to decrease in soil N availability in the converted land uses. Our study shows for the first time that differences in soil fertility control soil–atmosphere exchange of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical landscape, a mechanism that we were able to detect by conducting this study at the landscape scale.

scholarly journals Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 5831-5852 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hassler ◽  
M. D. Corre ◽  
A. Tjoa ◽  
M. Damris ◽  
S. R. Utami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Soil Atmosphere ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Ch4 Uptake ◽  
Tropical Landscape

Abstract. Expansion of palm oil and rubber production, for which global demand is increasing, causes rapid deforestation in Sumatra, Indonesia, and is expected to continue in the next decades. Our study aimed to (1) quantify changes in soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes with land-use change and (2) determine their controlling factors. In Jambi Province, Sumatra, we selected two landscapes on heavily weathered soils that differ mainly in texture: loam and clay Acrisol soils. In each landscape, we investigated the reference land-use types (forest and secondary forest with regenerating rubber) and the converted land-use types (rubber, 7–17 years old, and oil palm plantations, 9–16 years old). We measured soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes monthly from December 2012 to December 2013. Annual soil CO2 fluxes from the reference land-use types were correlated with soil fertility: low extractable phosphorus (P) coincided with high annual CO2 fluxes from the loam Acrisol soil that had lower fertility than the clay Acrisol soil (P < 0.05). Soil CO2 fluxes from the oil palm (107.2 to 115.7 mg C m−2 h−1) decreased compared to the other land-use types (between 178.7 and 195.9 mg C m−2 h−1; P < 0.01). Across land-use types, annual CO2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (C) and negatively correlated with 15N signatures, extractable P and base saturation. This suggests that the reduced soil CO2 fluxes from oil palm were the result of strongly decomposed soil organic matter and reduced soil C stocks due to reduced litter input as well as being due to a possible reduction in C allocation to roots due to improved soil fertility from liming and P fertilization in these plantations. Soil CH4 uptake in the reference land-use types was negatively correlated with net nitrogen (N) mineralization and soil mineral N, suggesting N limitation of CH4 uptake, and positively correlated with exchangeable aluminum (Al), indicating a decrease in methanotrophic activity at high Al saturation. Reduction in soil CH4 uptake in the converted land-use types (ranging from −3.0 to −14.9 μg C m−2 h−1) compared to the reference land-use types (ranging from −20.8 to −40.3 μg C m−2 h−1; P < 0.01) was due to a decrease in soil N availability in the converted land-use types. Our study shows for the first time that differences in soil fertility control the soil–atmosphere exchange of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical landscape, a mechanism that we were able to detect by conducting this study on the landscape scale.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilization and Ground Water Level Changes on Soil CO2 Fluxes from Oil Palm Plantation on Tropical Peatland

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Auldry Chaddy ◽  
Lulie Melling ◽  
Kiwamu Ishikura ◽  
Kah Joo Goh ◽  
Yo Toma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Tropical Peatland ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation

A long-term study on the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in tropical peatland was conducted to (1) quantify the annual CO2 emissions from an oil palm plantation under different N application rates and (2) evaluate the temporal effects of groundwater level (GWL) and water-filled pore space (WFPS) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and CO2 fluxes. Monthly measurement of soil CO2 fluxes using a closed chamber method was carried out from January 2010 until December 2013 and from January 2016 to December 2017 in an oil palm plantation on tropical peat in Sarawak, Malaysia. Besides the control (T1, without N fertilization), there were three N treatments: low N (T2, 31.1 kg N ha−1 year−1), moderate N (T3, 62.2 kg N ha−1 year−1), and high N (T4, 124.3 kg N ha−1 year−1). The annual CO2 emissions ranged from 7.7 ± 1.2 (mean ± SE) to 16.6 ± 1.0 t C ha−1 year−1, 9.8 ± 0.5 to 14.8 ± 1.4 t C ha−1 year−1, 10.5 ± 1.8 to 16.8 ± 0.6 t C ha−1 year−1, and 10.4 ± 1.8 to 17.1 ± 3.9 t C ha−1 year−1 for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Application of N fertilizer had no significant effect on annual cumulative CO2 emissions in each year (p = 0.448), which was probably due to the formation of large quantities of inorganic N when GWL was temporarily lowered from January 2010 to June 2010 (−80.9 to −103.4 cm below the peat surface), and partly due to low soil organic matter (SOM) quality. A negative relationship between GWL and CO2 fluxes (p < 0.05) and a positive relationship between GWL and WFPS (p < 0.001) were found only when the oil palm was young (2010 and 2011) (p < 0.05), indicating that lowering of GWL increased CO2 fluxes and decreased WFPS when the oil palm was young. This was possibly due to the fact that parameters such as root activity might be more predominant than GWL in governing soil respiration in older oil palm plantations when GWL was maintained near or within the rooting zone (0–50 cm). This study highlights the importance of roots and WFPS over GWL in governing soil respiration in older oil palm plantations. A proper understanding of the interaction between the direct or indirect effect of root activity on CO2 fluxes and balancing its roles in nutrient and water management strategies is critical for sustainable use of tropical peatland.

scholarly journals Impacts of oil palm cultivation on soil organic carbon stocks in Mexico: evidence from plantations in Tabasco State

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Alfredo Isaac Brindis-Santos ◽  
David Jesús Palma-López ◽  
Ena Edith Mata-Zayas ◽  
David Julián Palma-Cancino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Stocks ◽  
Comparison Results

There is a need for more studies on the effects of oil palm plantations on soil organic carbon storage and on the environmental services provided by these agrosystems in Mexico. This study focused on estimating the soil organic carbon stocks in three areas within oil palm plantations (palm circle, under the frond and between palm rows), at three soil depths (20, 40 and 60 cm) and comparing the carbon storage between different land-uses: a 20-year-old pasture (GS20), a 20-year-old oil palm plantation (OP20), and a secondary forest (SF20). Our results suggest that oil palm plantations store soil organic carbon mainly under frond areas when sown in lixisols and luvisols, with lower carbon sequestration in the palm circle. Regarding the soil depth, the estimated carbon storage was 87 Mg C ha−1 and 67 Mg C ha−1 at depths of 20 and 60 cm, respectively. Regarding land-use comparison, results indicate an increase (not statistically significant) in carbon storage to 27% at 20 cm depth and 18% at 60 cm between pasture and palm plantation. The second-growth forest presented higher carbon storage compared to both other land uses.

Soil CO2 Fluxes from Different Ages of Oil Palm in Tropical Peatland of Sarawak, Malaysia

Soil Carbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulie Melling ◽  
Kah Joo Goh ◽  
Auldry Chaddy ◽  
Ryusuke Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Tropical Peatland ◽  
Different Ages

scholarly journals Conversion of tropical forests to smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations impacts nutrient leaching losses and nutrient retention efficiency in highly weathered soils

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Kurniawan ◽  
Marife D. Corre ◽  
Amanda L. Matson ◽  
Hubert Schulte-Bisping ◽  
Sri Rahayu Utami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Nutrient Leaching ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
Land Use Conversion ◽  
Jungle Rubber

Abstract. Conversion of forest to rubber and oil palm plantations is widespread in Sumatra, Indonesia, and it is largely unknown how such land-use conversion affects nutrient leaching losses. Our study aimed to quantify nutrient leaching and nutrient retention efficiency in the soil after land-use conversion to smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations. In Jambi province, Indonesia, we selected two landscapes on highly weathered Acrisol soils that mainly differed in texture: loam and clay. Within each landscape, we compared two reference land uses: lowland forest and jungle rubber (defined as rubber trees interspersed in secondary forest) with two converted land uses, smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations. Within each landscape, the first three land uses were represented by four replicate sites and the oil palm by three sites, totaling to 30 sites. We measured leaching losses using suction cup lysimeters, sampled biweekly to monthly from February to December 2013. Forests and jungle rubber had low solute concentrations in drainage water, suggesting low internal inputs of rock-derived nutrients and efficient internal cycling of nutrients. These reference land uses on the clay Acrisol soils had lower leaching of dissolved N and base cations (P = 0.01–0.06) and higher N and base cation retention efficiency (P 

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Selected Soil Structural Properties of Different Land Uses In Oforola, Imo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Bush Fallow

This study centered on evaluating selected soil structural properties of different land uses in Oforola, Imo State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from six different land-use types, namely, secondary forest, bush fallow, bare plot, cassa- va cultivated plot, oil palm plantation, and grassland vegetation. Soil auger was used to collect soil samples from each of the land use types at two (2) depths (0 – 15 cm and 15 – 30cm). The samples from each land use at different depths were composited, mixed thoroughly and sub-sample, and analyzed in the laboratory for selected physical and chemical parameters. The data were analyzed statisti- cally using GENSTAT software Ver. 8.2 in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The soils of the study area were principally sandy, with sand accounting for more than 65% of the inorganic mineral fragment in the soil at 0 – 15 cm depth and 15 – 30 cm depth. Land use effect on the dispersion ratio (DR) was significant (P ≤ 0.05) at the 0 -15 cm and 15 – 30 cm depth. However, oil palm plantation recorded significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher dispersion ratio at the 0 – 15 cm depth. Bulk density was highest (1.57 g/cm3) in grassland vegetation and lowest in secondary forest and bush fallow (1.25 g/cm3). The bulk density val- ues for bare plot, cassava cultivated plot and oil palm plantation were 1.51 g/ cm3, 1.35 g/cm3, and 1.29 g/cm3, respectively. The total porosity of the soil was significantly higher in secondary forest (51.84%). Total porosity values for bush fallow, Cassava cultivated plot, oil palm plantation, bare plot, and grassland veg- etation were 51.83%, 48.38%, 50.97%, 42.36%, and 40.08%, respectively. The proportion of water stable aggregates were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced by the various land-use types. On the average, secondary forest and bush fallow had higher water-stable aggregates of various sizes compared to the cassava cultivat- ed plot that had moderate water-stable aggregates. The least water-stable aggre- gates of various sizes were recorded in grassland vegetation and oil palm planta- tion. The mean weight diameters were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced by var- ious land-use types. Low mean weight diameter was observed for oil palm plan- tation, grassland vegetation and cassava cultivated plots. Based on the findings of the study, secondary forest and bush fallow land-use types possessed the most stable structural properties and also showed optimal impact compared to other land uses in Oforola soils, Imo State, Nigeria

MANAJEMEN DATA SPASIAL: PENGGUNAAN TANAH WILAYAH PEDESAAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Afrital Rezki, S.Pd., M.Si ◽  
Erna Juita ◽  
Dasrizal Dasrizal ◽  
Arie Zella Putra Ulni
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Mixed Plantations

Perkembangan penggunaan tanah bergerak horisontal secara spasial ke arah wilayah yang mudah diusahakan. Penggunaan tanah juga bergerak secara vertikal dalam rangka menaikkan mutunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan lahan, bagaimana manajemen penggunaan lahan di satu wilayah berdasarkan batas Nagari. Metode yang digunakan adalah analsisis spasial dengan interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, survey lapangan, dan analisis deskriptif. Pertumbuhan pemukiman Nagari Sungai Sariak Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman mengakibatkan pemanfaatan ruang menjadi tumpang tindih. Diperlukan cara-cara pengelolaan dan managemen penggunaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menaikkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian lingkungan.Terdapat 9 jenis penggunaan lahan yang ada di Nagari Sungai Sariak. Penggunaan lahan tersebut adalah Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, dan Plantations. Penggunaan lahan yang paling luas di Nagari Sungai Sariak adalah jenis penggunaan lahan Primary Forest, sebesar 48% dari total luas wilayah Nagari Sungai Sariak. Pada tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2016, penggunaan lahan paling luas terjadi pada penggunaan lahan jenis Primary Forest yang kemudian menjadi Mixed Plantations. Land use Changes moved horizontally spatially towards areas that are easily cultivated. The land use also moves vertically in order to increase its quality. This study aims to analyze land use patterns, how land use management in one area is based on Nagari boundaries. The method used is spatial analysis with interpretation of remote sensing images, field surveys, and descriptive analysis. The growth of Nagari Sungai Sariak in Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman resulted in overlapping use of space. Management methods are needed and management of land use in the framework of sustainable development that raises the standard of living of the community and does not cause environmental losses. There are 9 types of land use in the Nagari Sungai Sariak. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most extensive land use in Nagari Sungai Sariak is the type of Primary Forest land use, amounting to 48% of the total area of the Nagari Sungai Sariak. From 2011 to 2016, the most extensive land use occurred in Primary Forest land uses which later became Mixed Plantations.

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