scholarly journals Role of climate change in recovery of acidified surface waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Wright ◽  
P. J. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Carbon Recovery ◽  
Integrated Project ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu

Abstract. Surface waters in Europe and North America have begun to recover in response to decreases in emissions of acidifying pollutants to the atmosphere. Variations in climate influence chemical and biological recovery. Part of the EU project Eurolimpacs (Integrated project to evaluate the impacts of global change on European freshwater ecosystems) focuses on the interactive effects of acid deposition and climate on freshwater ecosystems. This special issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences is devoted to this topic, and consists of studies conducted in 8 countries on aspects regarding episodes, nitrate, dissolved organic carbon, recovery and biological effects.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship education in Italian secondary education

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Ottaviano ◽  
Manuel Gentile ◽  
Valentina Dal Grande ◽  
Dario La Guardia ◽  
Mario Allegra
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
European Policies ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu ◽  
School Curricula

Abstract The Communication from the European Commission entitled "Entrepreneurship Action Plan 2020" highlights the role of Entrepreneurship Education (EE) as a key strategy for stimulating economic growth in Europe. As stated in the report “Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe”, EE is not yet sufficiently integrated into the school curricula in European countries. In the last few years, the Italian school system has undergone a profound revolution. This paper analyses how European policies on entrepreneurship education have been taken into account in this reform process within the tourism school sector. Moreover, a blended learning model is presented which was developed within the framework of the EU project "I can ... I can not ... I go! "Rev. 2 co-financed by the EU under the LLP programme. The model is based on a serious game and was designed in order to foster the integration of EE into curricular activities. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Education; Serious Game; Learning Model; Tourism

scholarly journals Special Issue Introduction: Research in Sustainable Transport Interchanges

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
Irina Yatskiv Jackiva ◽  
Eftihia Nathanail ◽  
Klaus Richter
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Intermodal Networks ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This introductory paper gives the readers a brief description of the scope and contents of this Special Issue that consists of papers devoted to Sustainable Transport Interchanges and intermodal networks. The issue depicts the results of the EU project ALLIANCE, which addresses the topic of intermodal interconnections and presents the results of the international collaboration teams, which were established within the context of the project.

scholarly journals Predicting recovery of acidified freshwaters in Europe and Canada: an introduction

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Ferrier ◽  
R. F. Wright ◽  
A. Jenkins ◽  
H. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Recovery From Acidification ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Un Ece

Abstract. Abstract: The RECOVER: 2010 project was designed to assess the current and future anthropogenic pressures on sensitive European freshwater ecosystems. This pan–European assessment utilised a standardised predictive modelling approach to evaluate the degree of compliance with respect to the restoration of acidified waters by 2016, as specified under the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), and evaluated the environmental benefits of proposed UN-ECE protocols on emissions control. Between 1970 and 2000, observations and model simulations show a significant decline in acidic surface water in all regions of Europe. This demonstrated the success of policies aimed at reducing emission of acidifying compounds. The nature and extent of future regional recovery from acidification is, however, dependent upon the historical pattern of deposition, regional ecosystem characteristics and the role of confounding factors, which may delay the onset of recovery or the magnitude of response. Model predictions to 2010 and beyond emphasise the continued benefit of currently proposed reductions, as reflected by the degree of recovery of freshwater ecosystems. A key component was to link such hydrochemical recovery with ecological response, and the project aimed to evaluate this against current WFD criteria of “good status" and “reference conditions". The RECOVER: 2010 project research has also played a major role in defining the dynamic modelling outputs which will be required to support the review of the Gothenburg Protocol within the work of the UN-ECE CLRTAP Working Group on Effects (WGE), and model outputs have been made available to a range of national agencies throughout Europe. Keyword: recovery, acidification, modelling, policy, good status, reference conditions

Providing for European-Level Diplomacy after Lisbon: The Case of the European External Action Service

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Duke
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
External Action ◽  
Lisbon Treaty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Member States ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe Lisbon Treaty may well be on ice, may perhaps even be moribund, but there remain compelling reasons to think through the identified shortcomings of the European Union in external relations. Many of the innovations in the area of external relations that are contained in the treaty are dependent upon ratification by the EU's member states, but some are not; the European External Action Service (EEAS) falls into the latter category. Although the actual implementation of the EEAS will face formidable hurdles, as has been outlined in this contribution, the exercise of thinking through these challenges is essential if the EU and its members are to begin grappling with many of the issues examined in this special issue — ranging from the role of national diplomats in today's world to the successful pursuit of structural diplomacy and the effectiveness of the EU in multilateral organizations.

scholarly journals Guest editorial: EU agencies in transnational criminal enforcement: From a coordinated approach to an integrated EU criminal justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Jacob Öberg
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Epistemic Communities ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
European Public ◽  
Institutional Foundations ◽  
The Eu

The articles in this special issue consider the institutional foundations of the Union’s criminal policy – a highly critical question for the future development of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. The ratification of the Lisbon Treaty and the subsequent legal and political developments have entailed an unprecedented reinforcement of the powers of the EU’s criminal justice agencies Europol, Eurojust and, recently, the establishment of a novel criminal justice body – the European Public Prosecutor’s Office. On the basis of the Treaty mandate, the EU legislator has adopted important reforms such as the EPPO Regulation, and new Europol and Eurojust regulations. In light of these developments, this special issue explores via a multi-disciplinary investigation the extent to which the increased competences of the EU and the stronger presence of EU criminal justice agencies have transformed EU criminal law from an ‘intergovernmental’ regime to a ‘supranational’ and ‘integrated’ framework. We expect that this special issue will enhance further debate on EU criminal justice agencies, encourage novel paths to bridge the boundaries between disciplinary epistemic communities in the study of EU criminal justice and more broadly contribute to an advanced understanding of the role of law in social and political integration.

Editorial: Special Issue dedicated to the EU Integrated Project Advanced Protection Systems (APROSYS)

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-589
Author(s):  
E. C. Chirwa ◽  
Jac Wismans ◽  
Jorge Ambrósio
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Editorial Special Issue ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Integrated Project ◽  
The Eu

Devolution and differentiation: regional variation in EU law

Legal Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Hunt
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
European Court ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu

For some years now, there has been a growing orthodoxy in EU legal studies which maintains that the EU project is less about achieving uniformity of laws across the Member States, and more about managing flexibility and differentiation. However, for the most part, space for differentiation is recognised only as between states or groups of states. The present paper moves beyond this level to explore the scope for local differentiation, at a sub-state level. This inquiry has been motivated by the recent Horvath judgment, in which the European Court of Justice was asked whether differential implementation by the devolved administrations of the UK of certain EU law obligations was lawful. The paper places these developments alongside other judicial, legal and political developments, to demonstrate a growing recognition of the role of regions within the EU's multi-levelled system of governance, revealing that the EU order is, in some respects, finally catching up with the realities of the rise of devolution and decentralisation taking place across Europe. However, it is submitted that there is further the EU could and should go in recognising, if not a ‘Europe of the Regions’, then a ‘Europe with the Regions’.

scholarly journals Statehood: the Essential Prerequisite for Law and Liberty

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
John Laughland
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
European Values ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Essential Prerequisite ◽  
The Eu

The attempt to subject Poland and Hungary to procedures under EU law for allegedly not respecting European values has its roots both in the supranational nature of the EU project and also in the differing concepts of the nation in the Eastern and Western halves of the continent.  The hegemonic West is deeply post-modern while former Communist states have retained some faith in the nation.  Globalisation generally, and the EU project in particular, are based on functionalist assumptions whose origins lie in the early 19th century, yet these fail to understand the eminently political nature of law: all jurisdictions are rooted in society and the state and it is the role of government to adjudicate between the competing claims of citizens.  This makes it very difficult, impossible even, to formulate universal rights since their formulation and application depend on interpretation, i.e. on jurisdiction, and therefore on the sovereignty of the ultimate decision-maker.

scholarly journals Realized environmental values of Environmental Fallow policy measure

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Irina Herzon ◽  
Marjaana Toivonen ◽  
Juha Helenius ◽  
Chloe Swiderski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Policy Measure ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
The Eu

A novel agri-environment scheme for Environmental Fallow (EF) was introduced in Finland to replace a former obligatory CAP set-aside. Though potentially highly valuable, the ability of the current scheme for delivering the stated objectives of water protection, biodiversity, and soil state is yet to be confirmed. The presentation evaluates the role of the scheme for protection of surface waters and biodiversity based on data from the farmer interviews, field data on vegetation, and land-use register for the regions of Uusimaa, Pohjois-Pohjanmaa and Pirkanmaa. In 2010, over 7% of the agricultural utilized area was enrolled under the scheme with four types of fields: long-term grasslands, and fields sown with meadow plants, game crops or landscape flowers. The scheme has been highly popular among farmers but requires agronomic development of the options to reduce establishment failure, and optimise management for the best environmental output with the least agronomic problems. The potential of the scheme to protect surface waters is marginal since only 10% of EFs is situated near the water courses. The option of fallowing by establishing grassland, or by enrolling existing low productive grassland, was the most popular type of EF. The most biologically valuable meadow type remains rare, and the desired vegetation composition is non stable. The vegetation composition of the EF is more diverse than that under the former set-aside and also differs from that of other non-cropped biotopes such as margins and semi-natural grasslands. Plant species diversity correlated negatively with the reported fertility level of the parcels and therefore establishing grassland and meadow fallows on the least productive parcels is ecologically justified. However, possible targeting of the options according to the landscape setting should be investigated. At the current level, the scheme has succeeded to reverse the fallowing area to its state during the EU set-aside period. However, potential long-term efficiency of the current scheme is likely to be compromised by its untargeted and unbinding nature, and existing agronomic challenges in “sowing for nature”. Without a minimum required area, the scheme totally depends on the current and forecasted profit margin.

scholarly journals NGOs and West European Migration Governance (1860s until Present): Introduction to a Special Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-217
Author(s):  
Marlou Schrover ◽  
Teuntje Vosters ◽  
Irial Glynn
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Second World ◽  
European Migration ◽  
The Eu ◽  
West European

Social and political scientists are involved in an extensive but inconclusive debate about the role of international nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) in European migration governance. The European Union (EU) and NGOs work under the assumption that NGOs are crucial to migration governance and yet the role of NGOs is not clear. The EU has invested time and money in its attempts to involve NGOs more actively in migration governance, but it does so without much knowledge of how ngos in the past have influenced migration governance, and thus with no idea if the current investments are worthwhile. In this article, which is the introduction to the special issue on this subject, we take a closer look at the NGOs involved in West European migration in the period from the 1860s until the present day in order to understand the changing role of NGOs in migration governance in Europe. Providing moral, logistical and expert authority in a purportedly impartial way, NGOs have added a dimension to migration governance that states cannot replicate. As a result, the number of NGOs has gradually increased and at times their influence has become significant. However, in providing a chronology of the involvement of NGOs in migration governance, we show that their influence on migration governance policies and practices has not been linear. During some windows of opportunity (e.g. in the immediate years following the First and Second World Wars and the Cold War), NGOs became more prominent and effective, while at other times (e.g. the 1930s), their importance waned. The presence and capacity of NGOs to contribute to migration governance depended on whether states, and increasingly after 1945, intergovernmental organisations such as the UN, needed them to further their own interests or to fulfil a role that they could not play.

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