scholarly journals PRECISE HEAD TRACKING IN HEARING APPLICATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W6 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
A. M. Helle ◽  
J. Pilinski ◽  
T. Luhmann
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Directional Hearing ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Head Tracking ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Research Project

The paper gives an overview about two research projects, both dealing with optical head tracking in hearing applications. As part of the project “Development of a real-time low-cost tracking system for medical and audiological problems (ELCoT)” a cost-effective single camera 3D tracking system has been developed which enables the detection of arm and head movements of human patients. Amongst others, the measuring system is designed for a new hearing test (based on the “Mainzer Kindertisch”), which analyzes the directional hearing capabilities of children in cooperation with the research project ERKI (Evaluation of acoustic sound source localization for children). As part of the research project framework “Hearing in everyday life (HALLO)” a stereo tracking system is being used for analyzing the head movement of human patients during complex acoustic events. Together with the consideration of biosignals like skin conductance the speech comprehension and listening effort of persons with reduced hearing ability, especially in situations with background noise, is evaluated. For both projects the system design, accuracy aspects and results of practical tests are discussed.

An Active Low Cost Mesh Networking Indoor Tracking System

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Carlin ◽  
Kevin Curran
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Scalable Vector Graphics ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
System A ◽  
The Cost

Indoor radio frequency tracking systems are generally quite expensive and can vary in accuracy due to interference, equipment quality or other environmental factors. Due to these limiting factors of the technology, many businesses today find it hard to justify investing in RFID tracking technologies to improve the safety, efficiency and security of their working environments. The aim of this project was to provide a budget RFID tracking system that was capable of tracking a person or object through an indoor environment. To minimize the cost of the RFID tracking system, the components of the system were built from existing electronic equipment and hardware. The software was also written to minimize licensing and support fees allowing a cost effective budget RFID tracking system to be developed. The tracking system consists of a tag, reader nodes and a PC reader which utilize synapse RF 100 engines with python scripts embedded on to the chips. The tracking system software operates through a web portal utilizing web technologies such as HTML, JavaScript and PHP to allow the tags location to be represented on a two dimensional map using scalable vector graphics. During development of the system a new trilateration algorithm was developed and used convert the signals received from the tag to a virtual position on the map correlating to the actual physical position of the tag. A unique contribution of this system is the low cost of building which we estimate as less than £200 UK sterling for a five node system.

scholarly journals Correcting Drift, Head and Body Misalignments between Virtual and Real Humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vitor Reus ◽  
Márcio Mello ◽  
Luciana Nedel ◽  
Anderson Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Head Tracking ◽  
Desktop Computer ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Incremental Information ◽  
Ms Kinect ◽  
Head Rotations

Head-mounted displays (HMD) allow a personal and immersive viewing of virtual environments, and can be used with almost any desktop computer. Most HMDs have inertial sensors embedded for tracking the user head rotations. These low-cost sensors have high quality and availability. However, even if they are very sensitive and precise, inertial sensors work with incremental information, easily introducing errors in the system. The most relevant is that head tracking suffers from drifting. In this paper we present important limitations that still prevent the wide use of inertial sensors for tracking. For instance, to compensate for the drifting, users of HMD-based immersive VEs move away from their suitable pose. We also propose a software solution for two problems: prevent the occurrence of drifting in incremental sensors, and avoid the user from move its body in relation to another tracking system that uses absolute sensors (e.g. MS Kinect). We analyze and evaluate our solutions experimentally, including user tests. Results show that our comfortable pose function is effective on eliminating drifting, and that it can be inverted and applied also to prevent the user from moving their body away of the absolute sensor range. The efficiency and accuracy of this method makes it suitable for a number of applications in immersive VR.

scholarly journals Ultra-broadband local active noise control with remote acoustic sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Xiao ◽  
Xiaojun Qiu ◽  
Benjamin Halkon
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Active Noise Control ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Head Tracking ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Active Noise

AbstractOne enduring challenge for controlling high frequency sound in local active noise control (ANC) systems is to obtain the acoustic signal at the specific location to be controlled. In some applications such as in ANC headrest systems, it is not practical to install error microphones in a person’s ears to provide the user a quiet or optimally acoustically controlled environment. Many virtual error sensing approaches have been proposed to estimate the acoustic signal remotely with the current state-of-the-art method using an array of four microphones and a head tracking system to yield sound reduction up to 1 kHz for a single sound source. In the work reported in this paper, a novel approach of incorporating remote acoustic sensing using a laser Doppler vibrometer into an ANC headrest system is investigated. In this “virtual ANC headphone” system, a lightweight retro-reflective membrane pick-up is mounted in each synthetic ear of a head and torso simulator to determine the sound in the ear in real-time with minimal invasiveness. The membrane design and the effects of its location on the system performance are explored, the noise spectra in the ears without and with ANC for a variety of relevant primary sound fields are reported, and the performance of the system during head movements is demonstrated. The test results show that at least 10 dB sound attenuation can be realised in the ears over an extended frequency range (from 500 Hz to 6 kHz) under a complex sound field and for several common types of synthesised environmental noise, even in the presence of head motion.

Development and validation of a low-cost mobile robotics testbed

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Johnson ◽  
Martin Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Robotics ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Video Tracking ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Development And Validation

AbstractThis paper considers the design, construction and validation of a low-cost experimental robotic testbed, which allows for the localisation and tracking of multiple robotic agents in real time. The testbed system is suitable for research and education in a range of different mobile robotic applications, for validating theoretical as well as practical research work in the field of digital control, mobile robotics, graphical programming and video tracking systems. It provides a reconfigurable floor space for mobile robotic agents to operate within, while tracking the position of multiple agents in real-time using the overhead vision system. The overall system provides a highly cost-effective solution to the topical problem of providing students with practical robotics experience within severe budget constraints. Several problems encountered in the design and development of the mobile robotic testbed and associated tracking system, such as radial lens distortion and the selection of robot identifier templates are clearly addressed. The testbed performance is quantified and several experiments involving LEGO Mindstorm NXT and Merlin System MiaBot robots are discussed.

scholarly journals Design and Performance Evaluation of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System for Rural Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachimenum Nyebuchi Amadi ◽  
Sebastian Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Most rural dwellers in developing countries do not have access to adequate and regular supply of energy and most of these estimated two billion people are poor with no sustainable means of livelihood and therefore rely on wood fuel for their cooking and heating needs. And due to lack of energy, including electricity, socio-economic development is either absent or at abysmally low level. To foster rural development and improved living conditions among this populace, there is need for a reliable, low cost and environmentally risk-free source of energy. This work designed, implemented and evaluated the performance of a dual axis solar tracking system (DATS) using light dependent resistor (LDR) sensors, direct current (DC) motors and microcontroller to make it capable of uninterruptible electricity supply for rural applications. Results of the experiment show that the proposed system is more cost-effective and produces 31.4 % more energy than the single axis tracking system (SATS) and 67.9 % more than the fixed PV panel system (FPPS). Owing to the unique design of the proposed tracking system, solar energy can be tracked and stored continuously so that there is adequate electricity for the consuming population at all times. Though tested on a rural community in Abia State, Nigeria, the proposed system can be adapted to rural communities anywhere in the world.  

Mechanical Sensing for Reformer Internal Diameter Data Capturing

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiong Tang ◽  
Morio Fukuoka ◽  
Peter Tait
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Data Capturing ◽  
Reformer Tubes ◽  
Mechanical Sensing ◽  
Reformer Tube

Reformer tubes are commonly used in process industry. They are high cost components. The service life of reformer tubes is primarily determined by creep damage. To successfully manage the reformer tubes requires balancing creep life against the production gains of higher temperatures. The key to this requires an ongoing knowledge of the condition of the tubes. Monitoring the diametrical change of the tubes caused by creep damage is one of the most popular methods used in industry. However, the available reformer tube diametrical checking systems are very expensive. This paper presents a novel mechanical sensing unit for reformer tube diametrical measuring. The system is low cost and meets the industrial company specified requirements. Test and field trials made on the prototype gave a very encouraging result. With further study, it is expected that a robust and cost effective reformer tube diametric measuring system can be developed.

scholarly journals Analysis of eye and head coordination in a visual peripheral recognition task

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Schwab ◽  
Othmar Würmle ◽  
Andreas Altorfer
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Head Tracking ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Tracking Range ◽  
Motion Behavior

Coordinated eye and head movements simultaneously occur to scan the visual world for relevant targets. However, measuring both eye and head movements in experiments allowing natural head movements may be challenging. This paper provides an approach to study eye-head coordination: First, we demonstrate the capabilities and limits of the eye-head tracking system used, and compare it to other technologies. Second, a behavioral task is introduced to invoke eye-head coordination. Third, a method is introduced to reconstruct signal loss in video-based oculography caused by cornea reflection artifacts in order to extend the tracking range. Finally, parameters of eye-head coordination are identified using EHCA (eye-head co-ordination analyzer), a MATLAB software which was developed to analyze eye-head shifts. To demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, a study with 11 healthy subjects was performed to investigate motion behavior. The approach presented here is discussed as an instrument to explore eye-head coordination, which may lead to further insights into attentional and motor symptoms of certain neurological or psychiatric diseases, e.g., schizophrenia.

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