scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE DEGREE OF GRAVEL AGGREGATE-BITUMENCOVERAGE BY MULTI-DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS

Author(s):  
C. Mulsow
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Sergent ◽  
Catherine Leroux ◽  
Evelyne Pougatch ◽  
Florence Guirado

The authors present the results of snow hemispherical–directional reflectance measurements on natural snow in the 0.9–1.45 μm spectral range. The measurements were made in a cold laboratory on snow collected in the field. Some of the samples have been subjected to controlled metamorphism in the laboratory before measurements were made. In the first part, the adding–doubling model, experimental assumptions and methodology are described. In the second part, experimental results are discussed and compared with theoretical values for different typical snow types and for different stages of snow evolution when subjected to temperature-gradient and wetness metamorphisms.


NANO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peep Adamson

The values of the published dielectric constants of graphene determined on the basis of optical diagnostics methods differ significantly from each other. This is due, in particular, to contaminating layers on the surface of graphene or between the substrate and the graphene layer, the parameters of which are not generally known and which, therefore, are difficult to take into account. In this work, it is shown how to integrate ellipsometric and reflectance measurements so that the influence of contaminating layers on the determination of dielectric constants of graphene-like 2D materials is minimal or practically absent at all. The inversion problem is solved analytically within the long-wavelength approximation. The equations for determining the dielectric constants of graphene have only one definite solution and do not need the knowledge of the initial guesses. A thorough analysis has been made of the dependence of the method error on the parameters of the structure under study, the wavelength and angle of incidence of optical radiation.


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