scholarly journals On the multi-fractal characteristics of the ULF geomagnetic field before the 1993 Guam earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Masci
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fractal Parameter ◽  
Fractal Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Signatures ◽  
Fractal Characteristics

Abstract. Ida et al. (2005) document significant changes in the multi-fractal parameters of the ULF geomagnetic field H component starting about one month before the 1993 Guam earthquake. According to the authors, these multi-fractal signatures can be considered as precursory signals of the Guam earthquake. As a consequence, they conclude that the multi-fractal analysis may have an important role in the development of short-term earthquake prediction capabilities. Since this and other similar reports have motivated the idea that earthquake prediction based on electromagnetic precursory signals may one day become a routine technique, the presumed precursors need to be validated through independent datasets. In this review the seismogenic origin of the multi-fractal magnetic signatures documented by Ida et al. (2005) before the 8 August 1993 Guam earthquake is seriously put into question. By means of the geomagnetic ΣKp index, it is demonstrated that these multi-fractal parameter changes are normal signals induced by the variation of the global geomagnetic activity level.

scholarly journals Comment on "Fractal analysis of ULF electromagnetic emissions in possible association with earthquakes in China" by Ida et al. (2012)

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Masci ◽  
J. N. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Earthquakes In China ◽  
Electromagnetic Emissions ◽  
China Earthquake

Abstract. Ida et al. (2012) identified anomalous decreases in the fractal dimension of the vertical (Z) component of the geomagnetic field, which they interpreted as precursors to the China earthquake of 1 September 2003. According to Ida et al. (2012), short-term earthquake prediction seems to be possible only by using electromagnetic phenomena. Here, it is shown that the decreases of the fractal dimension documented by Ida et al. (2012) are not really anomalous, but they are part of the normal geomagnetic activity driven by solar–terrestrial interactions. As a consequence, these fractal dimension decreases are not related to the 1 September 2003 earthquake.

scholarly journals Multiscale variation model and activity level estimation algorithm of the Earth's magnetic field based on wavelet packets

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1207-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Mandrikova ◽  
Igor S. Solovyev ◽  
Sergey Y. Khomutov ◽  
Vladimir V. Geppener ◽  
Dmitry M. Klionskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Solar Wind Plasma ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Characteristic Variation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Multiscale Mathematical Model

Abstract. We suggest a wavelet-based multiscale mathematical model of geomagnetic field variations. The model is particularly capable of reflecting the characteristic variation and local perturbations in the geomagnetic field during the periods of increased geomagnetic activity. Based on the model, we have designed numerical algorithms to identify the characteristic variation component as well as other components that represent different geomagnetic field activity. The substantial advantage of the designed algorithms is their fully automatic performance without any manual control. The algorithms are also suited for estimating and monitoring the activity level of the geomagnetic field at different magnetic observatories without any specific adjustment to their particular locations. The suggested approach has high temporal resolution reaching 1 min. This allows us to study the dynamics and spatiotemporal distribution of geomagnetic perturbations using data from ground-based observatories. Moreover, the suggested approach is particularly capable of discovering weak perturbations in the geomagnetic field, likely linked to the nonstationary impact of the solar wind plasma on the magnetosphere. The algorithms have been validated using the experimental data collected at the IKIR FEB RAS observatory network. Keywords. Magnetospheric physics (storms and substorms)

scholarly journals Brief communication "On the recent reaffirmation of ULF magnetic earthquakes precursors"

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2193-2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Masci
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Earthquake Precursors

Abstract. Hayakawa et al. (2009) and Hayakawa (2011) have recently reviewed some "anomalous" ULF signatures in the geomagnetic field which previous publications have claimed to be earthquake precursors. The motivation of this review is "to offer a further support to the definite presence of those anomalies". Here, these ULF precursors are reviewed once again. This brief communication shows that the reviewed anomalies do not "increase the credibility on the presence of electromagnetic phenomena associated with an earthquake" since these anomalous signals are actually caused by normal geomagnetic activity. Furthermore, some of these ULF precursors have just been rebutted by previous publications.

scholarly journals DECLINE IN DEVICE-DERIVED ACTIVITY LEVEL IS A SHORT-TERM PROGNOSTIC PREDICTOR OF DEATH

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. E658
Author(s):  
Sina Jame ◽  
Bronislava Polonsky ◽  
Scott McNitt ◽  
Amin Al-Ahmad ◽  
Arthur Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prognostic Predictor

scholarly journals Modeling and Predicting the Short-Term Evolution of the Geomagnetic Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 4539-4560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Bärenzung ◽  
Matthias Holschneider ◽  
Johannes Wicht ◽  
Sabrina Sanchez ◽  
Vincent Lesur
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Evolution

Preliminary analysis of meteorological and seasonal influences on crustal gas emission relevant to earthquake prediction

1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Klusman ◽  
James D. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Radon Emanation ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mercury Emission ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Seasonal Influences

abstract The emission of gas from the Earth's crust is a complex process influenced by meteorological and seasonal parameters. The use of gas emission as a tool in earthquake prediction will require an understanding of these influences. Radon emanation has been integrated over weekly intervals and free mercury vapor emission over 212 hour intervals at a low seismic risk site in Colorado. Radon measured by the Track Etch® technique ranged from 136 to 1750 tracks/mm2 (81 to 1040 pC/liter) over the 1-yr period of the experiment. There was a strong correlation of radon emanation with: instrument vault temperature, barometric pressure, outside temperature, soil temperature, and whether or not the surface soil was frozen. Seasonal influences on radon emanation are important with 94 per cent of the variance being accounted for by the measured meteorological and seasonal parameters. Mercury concentrations in the instrument vault ranged from <1 to 53 ng/m3 over the 1 yr. Mercury emission correlates with vault temperature, vault relative humidity, outside temperature, barometric pressure, soil temperature and moisture, and the soil freeze-thaw cycle. Diurnal cycles are common but do not occur on all days. Other short-term noise in mercury emission is also important and phase shift or phase lag effects are important. Only 32 per cent of the variance in mercury emission can be accounted for by the measured meteorological and seasonal parameters. The short-term noise coupled with phase lags are important factors in mercury emission rates.

scholarly journals Possible influence of variations in the geomagnetic field on migration paths of snow buntings

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Chris M. Hall ◽  
Magnar G. Johnsen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Flight Time ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Declining Populations ◽  
Plectrophenax Nivalis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Magnetic North ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractA hypothesis is proposed wherein changes in the Earth's magnetic field affect the migratory paths of snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis), and in particular from wintering grounds in the Russian/Ukrainian steppes to breeding grounds on Svalbard and with a typical stopover in Finnmark in northern Norway. If one were to assume ignorance of the secular movement of the magnetic north pole approximately 1500 km northwards between 1908 and 2020, the magnetoreceptor contribution to snow buntings' navigation would result in winter-to-summer migratory paths progressively further to the East. In turn, this could be a contributing factor to declining populations in Finnmark and favouring a more frequent flightpath over the Kola Peninsula. On the other hand, short-term perturbations in the magnetic field (i.e. induced by solar activity) and therefore existing for a relatively small proportion of the flight time (if at all) for the individual migrations legs seem unlikely to influence the stopover locations significantly. Even so, these space-weather induced variations cannot be disregarded, particularly for success in reaching Svalbard.

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