scholarly journals Invited perspectives: A research agenda towards Disaster Risk Management pathways in multi-risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip James Ward ◽  
James Daniell ◽  
Melanie Duncan ◽  
Anna Dunne ◽  
Cédric Hananel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Risk Research ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

Abstract. Whilst the last decades have seen a clear shift in emphasis from managing natural hazards to managing risk, the majority of natural hazard risk research still focuses on single hazards. Internationally, there are calls for more attention for multi-hazards and multi-risks. Within the European Union (EU), the concepts of multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management have taken centre stage in recent years. In this perspective paper, we outline several key developments in multi-hazard and multi-risk research in the last decade, with a particular focus on the EU. We present challenges for multi-risk management as outlined in several research projects and papers. We then present a research agenda for addressing these challenges. We argue for an approach that addresses multi-hazard, multi-risk management through the lens of sustainability challenges that cut across sectors, regions, and hazards. In this approach, the starting point is a specific sustainability challenge, rather than an individual hazard or sector, and trade-offs and synergies are examined across sectors, regions, and hazards. We argue for in-depth case studies in which various approaches for multi-hazard and multi-risk management are co-developed and tested in practice. Finally, we present a new pan-European research project in which our proposed research agenda will be implemented, with the goal of enabling stakeholders to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies of various strategies across sectors, hazards, and scales.

scholarly journals Progress towards the Development of Research Agenda and the Launch of Knowledge Hub: The WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (Health EDRM RN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4959
Author(s):  
Ryoma Kayano ◽  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Jonathan Abrahams ◽  
Qudsia Huda ◽  
Emily Y. Y. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Global Research

In response to the increasing burden of recent health emergencies and disasters, the World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners established the WHO thematic platform for health emergency and disaster risk management research network (health EDRM RN) in 2016, with the purposes of promoting global research collaboration among various stakeholders and enhancing research activities that generate evidence to manage health risks associated with all types of emergencies and disasters. With the strong support and involvement of all WHO regional offices, the health EDRM RN now works with more than 200 global experts and partners to implement its purposes. The 1st and 2nd Core Group Meetings of the health EDRM RN were held on 17–18 October 2019 and 27 November 2020, respectively, to discuss the development of a global research agenda that the health EDRM RN will focus on facilitating, promoting, synthesizing and implementing, taking into account the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (health EDRM RN research agenda). A focus of the meetings was the establishment of an online platform to share information and knowledge, including the databases that the health EDRM RN accumulates (WHO health EDRM knowledge hub). This paper presents a summary of the discussion results of the meetings.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Hazard Mapping Technique in the Project for Strengthening National Strategy of Integrated Natural Disaster Risk Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Jorge PIMENTEL ◽  
Thiago DUTRA ◽  
Rafael Silva RIBEIRO ◽  
Pedro Augusto dos Santos PFALTZGRAFF ◽  
Maria Emília Radomski BRENNY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk

scholarly journals Validating a Tailored Disaster Risk Assessment Methodology: Drought Risk Assessment in Local PNG Regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Aitkenhead ◽  
Yuriy Kuleshov ◽  
Jessica Bhardwaj ◽  
Zhi-Weng Chua ◽  
Chayn Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Knowledge Component ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology ◽  
Risk Knowledge

Abstract. Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of natural hazards, causing adverse impacts on vulnerable communities. Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are of particular concern, requiring resilient disaster risk management consisting of two key elements: proactivity and suitability. User-centred Integrated Early Warning Systems (I-EWSs) can inform resilient risk management. However, an EWS is only effectively integrated when all components are functioning adequately. In Pacific SIDS, the risk knowledge component of an I-EWS is underexplored. Risk knowledge is improved through efficient risk assessment. A case study assessing drought risk in PNG provinces was conducted to demonstrate the development and validate the application of a tailored risk assessment methodology. Hazard, vulnerability, and exposure indicators appropriate for monitoring drought in PNG provinces were selected. Risk indices for past years (2014–2020) were calculated and mapped in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Risk assessment results were validated with a literature investigation of sources presenting information on previous droughts in PNG. The risk assessment indicated a strong drought event in 2015–2016, and a moderate event in 2019–2020. The literature corroborated this, confirming the validity of the risk assessment methodology. The methodology and results can be used to inform improved disaster risk management in PNG, by advising decision-makers of their risk and policymakers on which provinces are of priority for resource allocation. The methodology can also be used to enhance the risk knowledge component of a user-centred I-EWS and guide the implementation of such a system for drought in PNG and other Pacific SIDS.

Towards a multi-risk, multi-sector, systemic approach to risk management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Ward ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Risk Managers

<p>Whilst the last decade saw huge scientific advances in understanding natural hazard risks, most research and policy still addresses risk from a single-hazard, single-sector, perspective. This presents obstacles for addressing real-world challenges faced by risk managers and other decision-makers. Firstly, multiple hazards can have interrelated effects on risk. How can risk be better managed by considering these interrelated effects? Secondly, disaster risk management (DRM) measures taken to reduce risk from one hazard may increase risk from another hazard. How can we better account for these dynamic feedbacks between risk drivers? Thirdly, these interrelated effects have impacts across sectors. How can we account for these trade-offs and synergies across sectors, regions, and hazards? The aforementioned challenges exist within the context of an increasingly interconnected world, increased pressure for space, and climate change, in which the magnitude and frequency of single and multi-hazards are changing at an unprecedented rate. A paradigm shift is needed to successfully address these kinds of complex questions and challenges.</p><p> </p><p>The vision of the MYRIAD-EU team is to catalyse this paradigm shift required to move towards a multi-risk, multi-sector, systemic approach to risk management. We embark on a research programme that aims to enable policy-makers, decision-makers, and practitioners to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies across sectors, hazards, and scales. To do this, we will co-develop a framework for multi-hazard, multi-sector, systemic risk management, and state-of-the-art products and services to operationalise the framework. To test our framework, products and services, we plan to implement them with stakeholders in five Pilots: North Sea, Canary Islands, Scandinavia, Danube, Veneto. In this contribution, we will present the plans and vision for this ambitious research programme and look for links with existing risk multi-risk projects, networks, and activities.</p>

Identifying multi-hazard potential impact at the pan-European level: the DRMKC Risk Data Hub methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu-Eugen Antofie ◽  
Stefano Luoni ◽  
Montserrat Marin-Ferrer ◽  
Flavia Patrascu ◽  
Gustav Eklund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Hazard Potential ◽  
Potential Impact

<p>The EU Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre (DRMKC)[1] is currently developing a WebGIS-based platform – the Risk Data Hub[2] - aimed at improving access to and sharing of EU-wide risk data, tools, and methodologies in support to policy Directorate-General and national authorities for their Disaster Risk Management. The development of the platform is based on the results of a ‘’Needs and Gaps” analysis performed as part of the preparation of the European Commission Staff Working Document – ‘’Overview of Natural and Man-made Disaster Risks the European Union may face’’<strong> </strong>(2014<sup>[3]</sup>, 2017<strong><sup>[4]</sup></strong>,2020<sup>[5]</sup>).  The overview concerned the 31 summaries of the National Risk Assessment (NRA) submitted to the European Commission by the Participant States of the Union of Civil Protection Mechanism.  For multi-hazard assessments, it concluded that a gap exists between the knowledge and data available in the scientific community and the accessibility and usability by Decision Makers and the Civil Protection community. With the DRMKC’s Risk Data Hub development, we support the integration of multi-hazard risk assessment and mapping into evidence-based decision-making, risk-reduction strategies, and adaptation plans.</p><p>Based on this context and utilizing spatial analysis of exposed elements to various hazards across Europe, we present in this study a novel methodological approach for the assessment of multi-hazard potential impact. This methodology is currently implemented on the DRMKC Risk Data Hub WebGIS platform. The methodological approach is based on a hotspot analysis applied to residential area and population exposed to single hazards such as river flood, coastal inundation, earthquakes, landslides, forest fire, and subsidence. Based on different aggregations of the exposure we identify the statistically significant hotspot for the considered hazard exposure. Using Stouffer’s method (Stouffer et al., 1949) for meta-analysis, the statistically significant exposure hotspots for single hazards are combined and subsequently, spatial extension and location of multi-hazards potential impact can be identified.  Consequently, we provide the spatial overview of regions expected to suffer significant multi-hazard potential impacts across Europe at the subnational level. Based on theoretical aspects developed in the literature, we put forward a multi-hazard interaction framework for the sub-national spatial extent across Europe. Finally, a validation of the results against the multi-hazard disaster loss data hosted on the DRMKC Risk Data Hub will be exercised.</p><p>The outcome of this study will provide valuable input for the Disaster Risk Management policy support and will assist national authorities on the implementation of a multi-hazard approach in the National Risk Assessments preparation.</p><p> </p><div> <div> <p>[1] https://drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/</p> </div> <div> <p>[2] https://drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/risk-data-hub#/</p> </div> <div> <p>[3] EUR-Lex - 52014SC0134 - EN - EUR-Lex (europa.eu)</p> </div> <div> <p>[4] https://ec.europa.eu/echo/sites/echo-site/files/swd_2017_176_overview_of_risks_2.pdf</p> </div> <div> <p>[5] https://ec.europa.eu/echo/sites/echo-site/files/overview_of_natural_and_man-made_disaster_risks_the_european_union_may_face.pdf</p> <p>Stouffer, S., DeVinney, L. & Suchman, E. 1949. The  American soldier:  Adjustment during army life, vol. 1.  Princeton University Press Princeton, US.</p> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Triggering multi-actor change cascades: Non-representational theory and deep disaster risk management co-production

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1158-1179
Author(s):  
Max Hope ◽  
John McCloskey ◽  
Mairead Nicbhloscaidh ◽  
Dominic Crowley ◽  
Dom Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Deep Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Key Aspects

Deep-rooted socio-ecological and technical systems, values and lifestyles, ‘locked in’ by vested interests and flows of power, underpin the interconnected problems of climate change, hazard vulnerability and poverty. A ‘shallow’ approach to co-production, with its focus on knowledge exchange and shared learning between individuals, struggles to gain the ‘purchase’ needed to transform these material structures. In this paper we demonstrate that non-representational theory is a good starting point for an alternative ‘deep’ approach to disaster risk management co-production. We review key aspects of non-representational theory and their application to disaster risk management and build a novel hybrid conceptual framework. We use this to analyse a case study of disaster risk management co-production (an aftershock forecasting approach used by humanitarian agencies during the Nepal 2015 earthquake), how social change occurred in this instance, and the role disaster risk management co-production played. We emphasise how change was the consequence of unexpected shifts in assemblages of human, non-human, virtual and real actors. These created ‘events’ that were opportunities for change that were realised with fidelity. Using this analysis, we develop an alternative deep approach to co-production, as ‘a practical means of going on’, and finish with five precepts to guide transformative disaster risk management based on the concept of multi-actor change cascades.

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