scholarly journals Socioeconomic modifications of the universal soil loss equation

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1025-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Erol ◽  
Ö. Koşkan ◽  
M. A. Başaran
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract. While social scientists have long focused on socioeconomic and demographic factors, physical modelers typically study soil loss using physical factors. In the current environment, it is becoming increasingly important to consider both approaches simultaneously for the conservation of soil and water, and the improvement of land use conditions. This study uses physical and socioeconomic factors to find a coefficient that evaluates the combination of these factors. It aims to determine the effect of socioeconomic factors on soil loss and, in turn, to modify the universal soil loss equation (USLE). The methodology employed in this study specifies that soil loss can be calculated and predicted by comparing the degree of soil loss in watersheds, with and without human influence, given the same overall conditions. A coefficient for socioeconomic factors, therefore, has been determined based on adjoining watersheds (WS I and II), employing simulation methods. Combinations of C and P factors were used in the USLE to find the impact of their contributions to soil loss. The results revealed that these combinations provided good estimation of soil loss amounts for the second watershed, i.e., WS II, from the adjoining watersheds studied in this work. This study shows that a coefficient of 0.008 modified the USLE to reflect the socioeconomic factors, such as settlement, influencing the amount of soil loss in the studied watersheds.

scholarly journals Socio-economic modifications of the Universal Soil Loss Equation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1731-1759
Author(s):  
A. Erol ◽  
Ö. Koşkan ◽  
M. A. Başaran
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract. While social scientists have long focused on socio-economic and demographic factors, physical modelers typically study soil loss using physical factors. In the current environment, it is becoming increasingly important to consider both approaches simultaneously for the conservation of soil and water, and the improvement of land use conditions. This study uses physical and socio-economic factors to find a coefficient that evaluates the combination of these factors. It aims to determine the effect of socio-economic factors on soil loss and, in turn, to modify the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The methodology employed in this study specifies that soil loss can be calculated and predicted by comparing the degree of soil loss in watersheds, with and without human influence, given the same overall conditions. A coefficient for socio-economic factors, therefore, has been determined based on adjoining watersheds (WS I and II), employing simulation methods. Combinations of C and P factors were used in the USLE to find the impact of their contributions on soil loss. The results revealed that these combinations provided good estimation of soil loss amounts for the second watershed, i.e. WS II, from the adjoining watersheds studied in this work. This study shows that a coefficient of 0.008 modified the USLE to reflect the socio-economic factors as settlement influencing the amount of soil loss in the watersheds studied.

scholarly journals Development Land Erosion Model Using Model Builder GIS (Case Study: Citepus Watershed)

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Dina PA Hidayat ◽  
Sih Andajani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Model Builder ◽  
Watershed Analysis ◽  
Runoff Discharge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impervious Areas ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Land erosion is the impact of increasing runoff discharge and land use conversion to impervious areas. Land erosion usually calculated by formula called USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) then modified as MUSLE (Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation). These formula calculate average annual soil loss in tons/areas depends on rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility factor (K), topographic factor (LS), cropping and conservation factor (CP). GIS (Geographic Information System) is a system designed to capture, manipulate, and analyze spatial/geographic data. There are some tools related water resources analysis in ArcGIS such as: watershed analysis and also have a tools for user to create their own model called model builder. This research was aim to create a model to calculate land erosion using MUSLE formula by model builder in ArcGIS. The output for this research is the model which can be used to calculate annual soil loss in watershed area based on GIS systems. For the model trial and case study, we use Citepus watershed located on Bandung West Java, that has 5 river branches: Cibogo, Cikakak, Cilimus, Cipedes and Ciroyom. As the result of the model, the value of average annual soil loss in Citepus watershed can be calculated automatically by developed model.

scholarly journals A Review of the Science and Logic Associated with Approach Used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation Family of Models

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinnell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Physical Situation ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosion

Soil erosion caused by rain is a major factor in degrading agricultural land, and agricultural practices that conserve soil should be used to maintain the long-term sustainability of agricultural land. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was developed in the 1960s and 1970s to predict the long-term average annual soil loss from sheet and rill erosion on field-sized areas as an aid to making management decisions to conserve soil. The USLE uses six factors to take account of the effects of climate, soil, topography, crops, and crop management, and specific actions designed to conserve soil. Although initially developed as an empirical model based on data from more than 10,000 plot years of data collected in plot experiments in the USA, the selection of the independent factors used in the model was made taking account of scientific understanding of the drivers involved in rainfall erosion. In addition, assumptions and approximations were needed to make an operational model that met the needs of the decision makers at that time. Those needs have changed over time, leading to the development of the Revised USLE (RUSLE) and a second version of that, the Revised USLE, Version 2 (RUSLE2). While the original USLE model was not designed to predict short-term variations in erosion well, these developments have involved more use of conceptualization in order to deal with the time-variant impacts of the drivers involved in rainfall erosion. The USLE family of models is based on the concept that the “unit” plot, a bare fallow area 22.1 m long on a 9% slope gradient with cultivation up and down the slope, provides a physical situation where the effect of climate and soil on rainfall erosion can be determined without the need to consider the impact of the four other factors. The science and logic associated with this approach is reviewed. The manner by which the soil erodibility factor is determined from plot data ensures that the long-term average annual soil loss for the unit plot is predicted well, even when the assumption that event soil loss is directly related to the product of event rainfall energy, and the maximum 30-min intensity is not wholly appropriate. RUSLE2 has a capacity to use CLIGEN, the weather generator used in WEPP, and so can predict soil losses based on individual storms in a similar way to WEPP. Including a direct consideration of runoff in determining event erosivity enhances the ability to predict event soil losses when runoff is known or predicted well, but similar to more process-based models, this ability is offset by the difficulty in predicting runoff well.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Influence of DTM Source Data on the LS Factors of the Soil Water Erosion Model Values with the Use of GIS Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Anna Fijałkowska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Topographical Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Counteracting soil degradation is one of the strategic priorities for sustainable development. One of the most important current challenges is effective management of available resources. Multiple studies in various aspects of soil water erosion are conducted in many research institutions in the world. They concern, among others, the development of risk estimation models and the use of new data for modelling. The aim of the presented research was a discussion on the impact of the accuracy and detail of elevation data sources on the results of soil water erosion topographic factors modelling. Elevation data for this research were chosen to reflect various technologies of data acquisition, differences in the accuracy and detail of field forms mapping and, consequently, the spatial resolution of the digital terrain models (DTMs). The methodology of the universal soil loss equation USLE/RUSLE was used for the L and S factors modelling and calculation. The research was carried out in three study areas located in different types of geographical regions in Poland: uplands, highlands and lake districts. The proposed methodology consisted of conducting detailed comparative elevation and slope value assessments, calculating the values of topographical factors of the universal soil loss equation: slope length (L) and slope (S) and a detailed analysis of the total LS factors values. An approach to assess LS factors values within homogeneous areas such as agricultural plots has also been proposed. The studies draw the conclusion that the values of topographical factors obtained from various DTM sources were significantly different. It was shown that the choice of the right modelling data has a significant impact on the L and S factors values and, thus, also, on the decision-making process. The conducted research has definitely shown that data of the highest accuracy and detail should be used to study local phenomena (inter alia erosion), even analysing a large area.

KAJIAN EROSI LAHAN DI KAWASAN AIR STRIP RUNWAY 2600 BANDARA DEPATI AMIR (PGK) BERDASARKAN TATA GUNA LAHAN MASTERPLAN ULTIMATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Miskar Maini ◽  
Junita Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Standar permintaan engineering pesawat agar desain bangunan infrastruktur di area Air Strip Runway 2600 yang ada dapat mempunyai fungsi lain. Sedangkan kondisi lain sangat menentukan keselamatan karena lahan di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) jika tidak ditutupi vegetasi seperti rumput, kondisi lain lahan yang belum ditutupi vegetasi di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 berpotensi akan mengalami erosi lahan, kemudian hasil erosi lahan ini akan terbawa oleh aliran air sehingga akan masuk ke saluran drainase yang akan menyebabkan sedimentasi pada saluran drainase tersebut, akhirnya akan berkurang efektifitas kinerja saluran drainase tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi laju rata-rata erosi di area Air Strip Runway 2600 dengan memperhitungkan faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, kemiringan lereng atau panjang lereng, pengelolaan tanaman dan konservasi tanah, yang masing masing tata guna lahan tersebut mengacu pada Masterplan Ultimate Bandara Depati Amir (PGK). Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan persamaan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) yang dikembangkan oleh Wischmeier dan Smith (1965, 1978), kemudian Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) dan Sediment Yield.Hasil penelitian ini, prediksi laju erosi permukaan pada area Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) tahun pertama yang mencapai 5,60 mm/tahun atau 100,76 Ton/Ha/tahun, laju erosi tahun kedua mencapai 3,38 mm/tahun atau 60,84 Ton/Ha/tahun dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas bahaya erosi sedang (kelas III) dan nilai SDR adalah sebesar 56,3%, nilai sediment yield (SR) pada tahun pertama sebesar 5.887,59 Ton/Tahun, pada tahun kedua ketika rumput pada area Air Strip telah tumbuh dengan sempurna terjadi penurunan hasil sediment yield yaitu nilai SR sebesar 3.554,85 Ton/Tahun.

Cover and management factors for the Universal Soil-Loss Equation for forest ecosystems in the Marmara region, Turkey

2005 ◽  
Vol 214 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Özhan ◽  
A. Nihat Balcı ◽  
Necdet Özyuvaci ◽  
Ahmet Hızal ◽  
Ferhat Gökbulak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Cover And Management Factors ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

scholarly journals Estimativa da erosividade da chuva por diferentes métodos e seu impacto na equação universal de perdas de solo, no semiárido pernambucano (Estimation of erosivity by different methods and their impact on the universal soil loss equation in Pernambuco semi-arid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Joaquim Pedro de Santana Xavier ◽  
Alexandre Hugo Cezar Barros ◽  
Daniel Chaves Webber ◽  
Luciano José de Oliveira Accioly ◽  
Flávio Adriano Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
R Factor ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Erosion Loss ◽  
R Factors ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Dentre os diversos métodos indiretos para estimar as perdas de solo por erosão, a Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo (EUPS) é a mais utilizada devido a sua robustez e por ser constituída de uma simples estrutura fatorial, que integra fatores naturais e antrópicos atuantes na perda de solos. A erosão é um dos fenômenos mais danosos ao solo e às atividades humanas e por isso seu estudo é importante. Para o cálculo das perdas de solo por meio da EUPS, a avaliação da erosividade das chuvas (fator R) é essencial, pois estima o fenômeno produzido pelas chuvas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar três metodologias disponíveis de obtenção da erosividade das chuvas para a região do semiárido pernambucano, avaliando sua influência nos resultados da EUPS. Os três modelos selecionados para estimar o Fator R foram desenvolvidos por Wischmeier e Smith (mais conhecido e utilizado), por Silva que estimou valores para diversas regiões do País e por Cantalice e outros que trabalharam especificamente para cada região climática do estado de Pernambuco. Os resultados indicam que as metodologias de Wischmeier e Smith e Silva obtiveram resultados de erosividade da chuva semelhantes, tendo Silva alcançado valores maiores. Cantalice e outros obtiveram os resultados mais baixos. Os resultados da EUPS indicam que, quantitativamente, os diferentes fatores R geram grande diferença nas perdas de solo, porém, qualitativamente chegam a resultados semelhantes na classificação de áreas de maior erosão, de acordo com a FAO. Logo, as três metodologias são viáveis na identificação de áreas prioritárias para a mitigação da erosão.   A B S T R A C TAmong several indirect methods to estimate soil erosion loss, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (EUPS) is the most used due to its robustness and because it is constituted of a simple factorial structure that integrates natural and anthropic factors which act in the loss of soils. Erosion is one of the most damaging phenomena to the soil and the human activities, evidencing the importance of studying it. The evaluation of rainfall erosivity (R factor) is essential for the calculation of soil loss through the EUPS, since it is possible to estimate how significant rainfall is to the occurrence of this phenomenon. The objective of this work was to evaluate three methodologies to obtain the rainfall erosivity available for the semi - arid region of Pernambuco, evaluating its influence on the results of the EUPS. The three models used to estimate the R-factor were developed by Wischmeier and Smith, the best known and used model, Silva who estimated values for several regions of the country and Cantalice and others who worked specifically for each climatic region of the state of Pernambuco. As a result, very similar results of rainfall erosivity were obtained between Wischmeier and Smith´s and Silva´s methodology, with Silva reaching higher values of energy amplitude, while Cantalice and others obtained the lowest results. The results of EUPS indicate that, quantitatively, the different R factors generate a large difference in soil loss, but qualitatively they reach similar results in the classification of areas where erosion are greater, according to the FAO. Therefore, the three methodologies are feasible in the identification of priority areas for erosion mitigation.Keywords: soil, rainfall erosivity, USLE, GIS

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