Supplementary material to "Soil nitrogen and water management by winter-killed catch crops"

In order to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and reduce the environmental pollution risk of the nitrogen accumulation in the vegetable field, this study was carried out in the summer leisure period of the greenhouse vegetable production. This experiment designed different planting density treatments in 2017 and 2018, i.e. for catch waxy corn, 3300 plants/667m2 (WCD1), 5000 plants/667m2 (WCD2), 6600 plants/667m2 (WCD3), for forage sweet sorghum, 4500 plants /667m2 (FSS4), 7000 plants/667m2 (FSS5), 9000 plants/667m2 (FSS6) in 2017; and for catch waxy corn, 4500 plants/667m2 (WCDI), 7000 plants/667m2 (WCDII), 9000 plants/667m2(WCDIII), for forage sweet sorghum, 7000 plants/667m2 (FSSIV), 10000 plants/667m2 (FSSV), 14000 plants/667m2 (FSSVI) in 2018. The results showed that the biomass and nitrogen absorption of the two catch crops began to improve and then decreased with the increase of planting density. The nitrogen absorption amount of the catch waxy corn and forage sweet sorghum was 22.36~28.68 kg/667m2,21.67~24.39 kg/667m2, respectively. Different planting density of catch waxy corn and forage sweet sorghum could significantly reduce the total nitrogen content of 0~30cm soil layer and the nitrate nitrogen content of 0~90cm soil layer, for catch waxy corn and forage sweet sorghum, the reduction rate of total nitrogen content in 0~30cm soil layer was 9.6%~27.0%, 5.7%~23.5%, the reduction rate of nitrate nitrogen content reached 50.0%~90.8%, 80.1%~96.4%, respectively, which effectively controlled the nitrate nitrogen leaching to soil deep layer. Planting catch crops could increase soil urease activity, regulate soil nitrogen transformation. Compared with other treatments, WCDII and FSSV treatment can reduce the initial urease activity and soil nitrate nitrogen content of next crops, which is consistent with the nutrient requirements of broccoli in the early stage of growth. These catch crops planting could reduce the nitrogen environmental risk in the greenhouse soil. Finally, the study proposed that the suitable planting density of catch waxy corn and forage sweet sorghum planted was 6600~7000 plants/667m2, and 9000~10000 plants/667m2, respectively, in the greenhouse summer leisure period. It is more advantageous to improve soil nitrogen absorption and reduce soil nitrogen environmental risks for catch waxy corn.

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Supplementary material to "Modeling the integrated framework of complex water resources system considering economic development, ecological protection, and food production: A practical tool for water management"

10.5194/hess-2020-461-supplement ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yaogeng Tan ◽

Zengchuan Dong ◽

Sandra M. Guzman ◽

Xinkui Wang ◽

Wei Yan

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Economic Development ◽

Water Resources ◽

Food Production ◽

Water Resources System ◽

Integrated Framework ◽

Ecological Protection ◽

Practical Tool ◽

Supplementary Material

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Winter Straw and Water Management Effects on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in California Rice Systems

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2005.0350 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 98 (4) ◽

pp. 1050-1059 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Bruce A. Linquist ◽

Sylvie M. Brouder ◽

James E. Hill

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Dynamics ◽

Soil Nitrogen Dynamics ◽

Management Effects

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Supplementary material to "Mechanistic representation of soil nitrogen emissions in the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v 5.1"

10.5194/gmd-2018-276-supplement ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Quazi Z. Rasool ◽

Jesse O. Bash ◽

Daniel S. Cohan

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Emissions ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Supplementary Material

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Soil nitrogen and water management by winter-killed catch crops

10.5194/soil-2021-124 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Norman Gentsch ◽

Diana Heuermann ◽

Jens Boy ◽

Steffen Schierding ◽

Nicolaus von Wirén ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Soil Water ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Water Storage ◽

N Cycling ◽

Catch Crop ◽

Catch Crops ◽

Leaching Losses ◽

Rooting Zone ◽

Main Crop

Abstract. Improving N cycling in agroecosystems is one of the key challenges in reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture. Further, uncertainty in precipitation makes crop water management relevant in regions where it has not been necessary thus far. Here, we focus on the potential of winter-killed catch crops to reduce N leaching losses from N mineralization over the winter and soil water management. We compared four single catch crops (white mustard, phacelia, Egyptian clover and bristle oat) and a fallow treatment with two catch crop mixtures with 4 and 12 plant species (Mix4 and Mix12). High-resolution soil mineral N (Nmin) monitoring in combination with modelling of spatiotemporal dynamics served to assess N cycling under winter-killed catch crops, while soil water was continuously monitored in the rooting zone. Catch crops depleted the residual Nmin pools by between 40 and 72 % compared to the fallow. The amount of residual N uptake was lowest for clover and not significantly different among the other catch crops. Catch crops that produce high N litter materials, such as clover and mustard leaves, showed an early N mineralization flush immediately after their termination and the highest leaching losses from litter mineralization over the winter. Except for clover, all catch crops showed Nmin values between 18 and 92 % higher on the sowing date of the following maize crop. However, only Mix12 was statistically significant. Catch crops depleted the soil water storage in the rooting zone during their growth in autumn and early winter, but preserved water later on when their residues cover the ground. The shallow incorporation of catch crop residues increased water storage capacity during the cropping season of the main crop even under drought conditions. Hence, catch cropping is not just a simple plant cover during the winter but improved the growth conditions for the following crop at decreased N losses. Mixtures have been shown to compensate for the weaknesses of individual catch crop species in terms of nutrient capture, mineralization and transfer to the following main crop as well as for soil water management. Detailed knowledge about plant performance during growth and litter mineralization patterns is necessary to make optimal use of their full potential.

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