scholarly journals How realistic are the wakes of scaled wind turbine models?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 961-981
Author(s):  
Chengyu Wang ◽  
Filippo Campagnolo ◽  
Helena Canet ◽  
Daniel J. Barreiro ◽  
Carlo L. Bottasso
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
The One ◽  
Scaled Models ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to analyze to which extent wind tunnel experiments can represent the behavior of full-scale wind turbine wakes. The question is relevant because on the one hand scaled models are extensively used for wake and farm control studies, whereas on the other hand not all wake-relevant physical characteristics of a full-scale turbine can be exactly matched by a scaled model. In particular, a detailed scaling analysis reveals that the scaled model accurately represents the principal physical phenomena taking place in the outer shell of the near wake, whereas differences exist in its inner core. A large-eddy simulation actuator-line method is first validated with respect to wind tunnel measurements and then used to perform a thorough comparison of the wake at the two scales. It is concluded that, notwithstanding the existence of some mismatched effects, the scaled wake is remarkably similar to the full-scale one, except in the immediate proximity of the rotor.

scholarly journals How realistic are the wakes of scaled wind turbine models?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyu Wang ◽  
Filippo Campagnolo ◽  
Helena Canet ◽  
Daniel J. Barreiro ◽  
Carlo L. Bottasso
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to analyze to which extent wind tunnel experiments can represent the behavior of full-scale wind turbine wakes. The question is relevant because on the one hand scaled models are extensively used for wake and farm control studies, whereas on the other hand not all wake-relevant physical characteristics of a full-scale turbine can be exactly matched by a scaled model. In particular, a detailed scaling analysis reveals that the scaled model accurately represents the principal physical phenomena taking place in the outer shell of the near wake, whereas differences exist in its inner core. A large eddy simulation actuator line method is first validated with respect to wind tunnel measurements, and then used to perform a detailed comparison of the wake at the two scales. It is concluded that, notwithstanding the existence of some mismatched effects, the scaled wake is remarkably similar to the full-scale one, except in the immediate proximity of the rotor.

scholarly journals Aerodynamic and Structural Strategies for the Rotor Design of a Wind Turbine Scaled Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2119
Author(s):  
Sara Muggiasca ◽  
Federico Taruffi ◽  
Alessandro Fontanella ◽  
Simone Di Carlo ◽  
Marco Belloli
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The One ◽  
Extreme Winds ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Experimental tests performed in a wind tunnel or in a natural laboratory represent a fundamental research tool to develop floating wind technologies. In order to obtain reliable results, the wind turbine scale model rotor must be designed so to obtain a fluid-structure interaction comparable to the one experienced by a real machine. This implies an aerodynamic design of the 3D blade geometry but, also, a structural project to match the main aeroelastic issues. For natural laboratory models, due to not controlled test conditions, the wind turbine rotor model must be checked also for extreme winds. The present paper will focus on all the strategies adopted to scale a wind turbine blade presenting two studied cases: the first is a 1:75 scale model for wind tunnel applications and the second a 1:15 model for natural laboratory tests.

A full-scale prediction method for wind turbine rotor noise by using wind tunnel test data

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeha Ryi ◽  
Jong-Soo Choi ◽  
Seunghoon Lee ◽  
Soogab Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Rotor Noise ◽  
Wind Turbine Rotor

Comparison of RANS and Detached Eddy Simulation Results to Wind-Tunnel Data for the Surface Pressures Upon a Class 43 High-Speed Train

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. Morden ◽  
Hassan Hemida ◽  
Chris. J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Wind Tunnel Data

Currently, there are three different methodologies for evaluating the aerodynamics of trains; full-scale measurements, physical modeling using wind-tunnel, and moving train rigs and numerical modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Moreover, different approaches and turbulence modeling are normally used within the CFD framework. The work in this paper investigates the consistency of two of these methodologies; the wind-tunnel and the CFD by comparing the measured surface pressure with the computed CFD values. The CFD is based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence models (five models were used; the Spalart–Allmaras (S–A), k-ε, k-ε re-normalization group (RNG), realizable k-ε, and shear stress transport (SST) k-ω) and two detached eddy simulation (DES) approaches; the standard DES and delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES). This work was carried out as part of a larger project to determine whether the current methods of CFD, model scale and full-scale testing provide consistent results and are able to achieve agreement with each other when used in the measurement of train aerodynamic phenomena. Similar to the wind-tunnel, the CFD approaches were applied to external aerodynamic flow around a 1/25th scale class 43 high-speed tunnel (HST) model. Comparison between the CFD results and wind-tunnel data were conducted using coefficients for surface pressure, measured at the wind-tunnel by pressure taps fitted over the surface of the train in loops. Four different meshes where tested with both the RANS SST k-ω and DDES approaches to form a mesh sensitivity study. The four meshes featured 18, 24, 34, and 52 × 106 cells. A mesh of 34 × 106 cells was found to provide the best balance between accuracy and computational cost. Comparison of the results showed that the DES based approaches; in particular, the DDES approach was best able to replicate the wind-tunnel results within the margin of uncertainty.

scholarly journals Large-Eddy Simulation of Yawed Wind-Turbine Wakes: Comparisons with Wind Tunnel Measurements and Analytical Wake Models

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mou Lin ◽  
Fernando Porté-Agel
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Disk Model ◽  
Actuator Disk ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Wind Tunnel Measurements ◽  
Tangential Forces

In this study, we validated a wind-turbine parameterisation for large-eddy simulation (LES) of yawed wind-turbine wakes. The presented parameterisation is modified from the rotational actuator disk model (ADMR), which takes account of both thrust and tangential forces induced by a wind turbine based on the blade-element theory. LES results using the yawed ADMR were validated with wind-tunnel measurements of the wakes behind a stand-alone miniature wind turbine model with different yaw angles. Comparisons were also made with the predictions of analytical wake models. In general, LES results using the yawed ADMR are in good agreement with both wind-tunnel measurements and analytical wake models regarding wake deflections and spanwise profiles of the mean velocity deficit and the turbulence intensity. Moreover, the power output of the yawed wind turbine is directly computed from the tangential forces resolved by the yawed ADMR, in contrast with the indirect power estimation used in the standard actuator disk model. We found significant improvement in the power prediction from LES using the yawed ADMR over the simulations using the standard actuator disk without rotation, suggesting a good potential of the yawed ADMR to be applied in LES studies of active yaw control in wind farms.

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