scholarly journals Do People with Type 2 Diabetes Think They are Unhealthy? A Cross-Sectional Study in Celaya, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla C. Paz-Salinas ◽  
Nicolas Padilla-Raygoza ◽  
Silvia C. Delgado-Sandoval ◽  
Georgina Olvera-Villanueva ◽  
Ma Laura Ruiz-Paloalto
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Perception Of Health

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that presents a significant burden on health care systems in many countries. With the rise of obesity, the incidence of Type 2 diabetes has also been steadily increasing. A healthy lifestyle and understanding of diabetes management are important factors for delaying the onset of comorbidities associated with Type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the self-perception of health in individuals with Type 2 diabetes as it relates to BMI status, which has important implications for the implementation of preventive programs. Methods: A cross-sectional lifestyle survey was implemented in the region of Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico, targeting 100 participants diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Anthropometric measurements and participant characteristics were also obtained. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine if the proportions of lifestyles perceptions differed by BMI status. Results:  Participants had a mean age of 56.12 ± 10.26, a mean BMI of 29.13 ± 5.48 kg/m2, were mostly married (67.0%), and female (70.0%). None of the normal weight participants perceived themselves as unhealthy. 95% of overweight/obese participants perceived themselves to be healthy, despite a diagnosis of diabetes and being overweight/obese, while only 5% perceived themselves to be unhealthy. However, these differences in the perceptions of health classified by BMI status were not statistically significant (p = 0.42).Conclusion: Our findings indicate that overweight and obese persons with Type 2 diabetes in Celaya, Mexico may have misperceptions about their own health, even though these findings were not statistically significant. These preliminary data highlight the importance of implementing prevention and educational programs among those with diabetes, in order to combat health misperceptions and raise awareness about the dangers of diabetes and obesity. Furthermore, more research with larger sample sizes is needed  in order to fully understand the effects of perception of health on actual health. 

scholarly journals Assessment of self-reported adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes in Matlala District Hospital, Limpopo Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadeen A. Adegbola ◽  
Gert J.O. Marincowitz ◽  
Indiran Govender ◽  
Gboyega A.O. Ogunbanjo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Introduction: Complications associated with Diabetes Mellitus are a burden to health services, especially in resource poor settings. These complications are associated with substandard care and poor adherence to treatment plans. The aim of the study was to assess the self-reported adherence to treatment amongst patients with type 2 diabetes in Matlala District Hospital, Limpopo Province. Methods: This cross-sectional study used convenience sampling with a standardised, validated questionnaire. Data were collected over 4 months, and Microsoft Excel was used for data capturing. Results: We found that 137 (70%) of the participants considered themselves adherent to their diabetes medication. Younger age (p = 0.028), current employment (p = 0.018) and keeping appointment were factors significantly associated with adherence. Reasons given for poor adherence were that the clinic did not have their pills (29%), they had forgotten to take their medication (16%) and gone travelling without taking enough pills (14%). Reasons given for poor adherences to a healthy lifestyle were being too old (29%), 22% had no specific reason, 13% struggled to motivate themselves and 10% simply forgot what to do. Sixty-eight percent of the adhered participants recommended the use of medication at meal times, 14% set a reminder, and 8% used the assistance of a treatment supporter. Conclusions and recommendations: The study revealed a higher than expected reported level of adherence to diabetes treatment. Further research is needed to assess whether self-reported adherence corresponds to the metabolic control of the patients and to improve services.

scholarly journals Associations between relative grip strength and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Yangpyeong cohort of the Korean genome and epidemiology study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256550
Author(s):  
Geon Hui Kim ◽  
Bong Kil Song ◽  
Jung Woon Kim ◽  
Elizabeth C. Lefferts ◽  
Angelique G. Brellenthin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To investigate the association between relative grip strength and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) independently and in combination with body mass index (BMI) in Korean adults. Methods The cross-sectional study includes 2,811 men and women (age 40 to 92 years old) with no history of heart disease, stroke, or cancer. Relative grip strength was measured by a handheld dynamometer and calculated by dividing absolute grip strength by body weight. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2DM by sex-specific quintiles of relative grip strength. In a joint analysis, participants were classified into 4 groups: “weak (lowest 20% quintile one) and normal weight (BMI <25.0 kg/m2)”, “weak and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2)”, “strong (upper 80% four quintiles) and normal weight” or “strong and overweight/obese”. Results Among the 2,811 participants, 371 were identified as having T2DM. Compared with the lowest quintile of relative grip strength (weakest), the ORs (95% CIs) of T2DM were 0.73 (0.53–1.02), 0.68 (0.48–0.97), 0.72 (0.50–1.03), and 0.48 (0.32–0.74) in upper quintiles two, three, four, and five, respectively, after adjusting for BMI and other potential confounders. In the joint analysis, compared with the “weak and overweight/obese” reference group, the odds of T2DM [ORs (95% CIs)] was lower in the “strong and overweight/obese” group [0.65 (0.46–0.92)] and the “strong and normal weight” group [0.49 (0.35–0.67)], after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, greater relative grip strength was associated with a lower prevalence of T2DM independent of BMI in Korean adults. Additional prospective studies are needed to determine whether a causal association exists between relative grip strength and T2DM prevalence considering BMI.

scholarly journals DiabCare Asia 2012: diabetes management, control, and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Rudijanto Cholil ◽  
Dharma Lindarto ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Dalem Pemayun ◽  
Wismandari Wisnu ◽  
Poppy Kumala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Total Daily Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Tertiary Care Centers

BACKGROUND Indonesia was a part of the most recent edition of DiabCare Asia held in 2008. DiabCare Asia 2012 is modeled after a similar project to provide the latest information to facilitate healthcare policymaking in this area.METHODS This was an observational, non-interventional, cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from primary, secondary, and tertiary care centers in Indonesia. Patient data collected included demography, medical history complications, eye and foot examinations, diabetes management, and most recent laboratory investigations. Blood samples were collected from all patients for the analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).RESULTS A total of 1,967 patients participated in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 58.4 (9.5) years and a median (range) duration of diabetes 6.0 (0.1−47.0) years. The percentage of patients with HbA1c <7.0% was 30.8% and the mean (SD) HbA1c level was 8.3 (2.2%). The proportion of patients using insulin was 34.7% with a mean (SD) total daily dose of 37.9 (24.1) IU. The most common diabetes-related complications were peripheral neuropathy (59.1%), erectile dysfunction (32.4%), and eye complications (29.1%).CONCLUSIONS Glycemic and metabolic control remain unsatisfactory in type 2 diabetes patients in Indonesia. Efforts are needed to optimize control and prevent complications in these patients.

scholarly journals Clinical Features, Biochemical Profile, and Response to Standard Treatment in Lean, Normal-Weight, and Overweight/Obese Indian Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Ahmad Faraz ◽  
Hamid Ashraf ◽  
Jamal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern India

BACKGROUND: Much evidence is available on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and obesity, but less on T2D in lean individuals. AIM: This study was conducted in 12,069 T2D patients from northern India to find out which clinical and biochemical features are related to lean, normal weight, and overweight/obese T2D patients. METHODS: The study was conducted at two endocrine clinics in northern India as a retrospective cross-sectional study. The records of all patients who attended these clinics from January 2018 to December 2019 were screened. After screening 13,400 patients, 12,069 were labelled as type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association, 2020, and were included in the study. The patients were subdivided into the three groups by their body mass index (BMI): lean (BMI < 18), normal weight (BMI = 18-22.9), overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 23). The study evaluated how the three subgroups responded to standard diabetes management, including antidiabetic medication and lifestyle interventions. RESULTS: Of a total of 12,069 patients 327 (2.7%) were lean, 1,841 (15.2%) of normal weight, and 9,906 (82.1%) overweight/obese. Lean patients were younger, but had more severe episodes of hyperglycemia. All three subgroups experienced significant improvements in glycemic control during follow-up; HbA1c values were significantly lowered in the overweight/obese group during follow-up compared with baseline. CONCLUSIONS: While overweight/obese patients could benefit from the improvements in glycemic control achieved by lowering HbA1c, lean and normal-weight patients had more severe and difficult-to-control hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals The Association between Diabetes-Related Distress and Medication Adherence in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Irene A. Kretchy ◽  
Augustina Koduah ◽  
Thelma Ohene-Agyei ◽  
Vincent Boima ◽  
Bernard Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem associated with distress. T2DM can affect health outcomes and adherence to medications. Little is however known about the association between diabetes distress and medication adherence among patients with T2DM in Ghana. Objective. The objective of the present study is twofold: to estimate distress associated with T2DM and to examine its association with medication adherence. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 188 patients with T2DM recruited from a diabetes specialist outpatient clinic at the Pantang Hospital in Accra, Ghana. Data were obtained using the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) scale and the Medication Adherence Report Scale. Results. The findings showed that about 44.7% of the patients showed high levels of diabetes-related distress. Poor adherence to medications was recorded in 66.5% of the patients. Patients who were highly distressed had 68% lower odds of adhering to their medications compared to those who were not (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15-0.65). A principal component analysis revealed four areas of T2DM distress which were conceptualized as negative emotions about diabetes, dietary concerns and diabetes care, dissatisfaction with external support, and diabetes management helplessness. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that diabetes distress is a significant determinant of medication adherence behaviour in patients with T2DM. Thus, incorporating routine screening for distress into the standard diabetes care within the Ghanaian health system and having health practitioners adopt holistic approaches to diabetes management will be important context-specific interventions to improve adherence and health outcomes of people living and coping with T2DM.

scholarly journals Assessment of Ramadan Education and Knowledge Among Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117955141775161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussa Hussain Almalki ◽  
Ibtihal Hussen ◽  
Shawana A. Khan ◽  
Abdulrahman Almaghamsi ◽  
Fahad Alshahrani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn until dusk for one lunar month every year. Most of the Muslim patients with diabetes are unaware of the potential complications that can occur while fasting, such as hypoglycemia. The aim of this study is to assess the the patient education level and patients’ overall awareness of any possible complications that could occur while fasting during Ramadan and to determine how these patients deal with these complications. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and surveyed diabetic patients about their diabetes-related knowledge over a period of 4 months from the outpatient clinic at the Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center at King Fahad Medical City. Patients were included if they were ≥16 years and if they had been receiving treatment for at least 1 year before the study, irrespective of the medications used; patients were also asked about the presence or absence of complications. Results: This study included 477 patients (325 women and 152 men). Most patients (297; 62.3%) had type 2 diabetes. The patients’ mean age was 39.72 ± 15.29 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 10.80 ± 5.88 years. During the preceding Ramadan, 76% of patients reported fasting, whereas 58% said that they monitored their blood glucose levels once per day. Hypoglycemic episodes were reported in 60.3% of cases with type 2 diabetes and in 8.3% of cases with type 1 diabetes. Among those who had hypoglycemia, 2.8% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 17.8% with type 2 diabetes broke their fast. Finally, 54% of patients reported that their health care providers offered them instructions on diabetes management during Ramadan. Conclusions: Ramadan health education in diabetes can encourage, improve, and guide patients to change their lifestyles during Ramadan while minimizing the risk of acute complications.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate Diabetes Management, Control and Complications in Patients with type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ahmed Latif ◽  
SM Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
Mohammod Feroz Amin ◽  
Arvind Vilas Gadekar ◽  
Md Javed Sobhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Total Daily Dose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes

Background: Management of type 2 diabetes is not uniform. The aim of the study was to assess diabetes care delivery and status of long-term diabetes related complications.Methods: DiabCare is an observational, non-interventional, cross-sectional study of hospital-based outpatient type 2 diabetes care.Results: A total of 2092 patients participated in the study: mean age 51.3±11.0 years, and duration of diabetes 7.6±5.4 years. The patients were almost equal in both genders (male: 49.8% vs. female: 50.2%) and the largest homogenous ethnic group was Bangladeshi (99.6%). The percentage of patients with HbA1c < 7.0% (< 53 mmol/mol) was 22.5% and mean HbA1c was 8.8±2.2 %. The proportion of patients using insulin was 58.0% (n=1214) at a total daily dose of 34.4±14.7 IU. The most common diabetes related complications were: Peripheral neuropathy (39.0%) and eye complications (21.7%). Duration of diabetes was associated with higher odds of CV complications, diabetic nephropathy and eye complications [adjusted OR 1.03, p=0.007; 1.05, p<0.001 and 1.05, p<0.001 respectively]. Age also has emerged as a significant predictor for these complications. More than half of patients (56.1%) indicated their concerns about hypoglycaemia. A large proportion of patients were non-adherent to clinical recommendations.Conclusions: Poor glycaemic and metabolic control over a long period of time contributes to chronic diabetic complications. This underpins the need to further optimise the control strategies and maintain quality diabetes management standards in Bangladesh and also improving awareness among health professionals with intensive education programs for diabetes subjects is also recommended.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(1): 17-27

scholarly journals Association of Adherence to Diabetics Feeding Recommendation with Glycaemic Control and with Malnutrition Risk Among Normal Weight Persons with Type 2 Diabetes in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
Be-Ikuu Dominic Doglikuu ◽  
Abubakari Abdulai ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri ◽  
Elham Shakibazadeh ◽  
Abolghassem Djazayery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is public health problem. Feeding-recommendations help persons with diabetes control glycaemia. The aim was to access the association between adherence to diabetics’ feeding recommendation with glycaemic control and with malnutrition risk. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 530 baseline normal weight (body mass index [BMI] 18.5 kg/m2–24.9 kg/m2) persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Brong Ahafo region of Ghana, from August 2018 to September 2019. Adherence to feeding recommendation was evaluated with perceived dietary adherence questionnaire (PDAQ). Malnutrition-risk was assessed using malnutrition universal screening tool. Multinomial logistics regression models were used to assess the association between adherence to diabetics’ feeding recommendation with glycaemic control and with malnutrition risk. Results: Participants were generally healthy. Weight (P = 0.011), total cholesterol (P = 0.003) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)% (P < 0.001) were significant with adherence to diabetics feeding recommendation. Low adherence to diabetics’ feeding recommendation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.56; 95% CI: 1.44, 4.56; P < 0.001), low adherence to fruit and vegetables (AOR 2.71; 95% CI: 1.48, 4.99; P < 0.001), low adherence to whole grain, beans, starchy- fruits and plantain (AOR 3.29; 95% CI: 1.81, 6.02; P < 0.001), and low adherence to foods prepared with walnut, canola, sunflower, cotton seed and fish oils (AOR 2.62; 95% CI: 1.49, 4.58; P < 0.001) were significant with poor glycaemic control. Furthermore, low adherence to food prepared with walnut, canola, sunflower, cotton seed, fish or soy oils (AOR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.95; P = 0.034) and low adherence to fish and lean meat (AOR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.14, 3.86; P = 0.017) were significant with moderate malnutrition risk. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that poor adherence feeding recommendation could be related to glycaemic control and malnutrition risk.

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