scholarly journals Image Forgeries Detection through Mosaic Analysis: the Intermediate Values Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 317-343
Author(s):  
Quentin Bammey ◽  
Rafael Grompone von Gioi ◽  
Jean-Michel Morel
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Analysis

scholarly journals Persistence of RNAi-Mediated Knockdown inDrosophilaComplicates Mosaic Analysis Yet Enables Highly Sensitive Lineage Tracing

Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. Bosch ◽  
Taryn M. Sumabat ◽  
Iswar K. Hariharan
Keyword(s):  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Mosaic Analysis

scholarly journals Apical, Lateral, and Basal Polarization Cues Contribute to the Development of the Follicular Epithelium during Drosophila Oogenesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Tanentzapf ◽  
Christian Smith ◽  
Jane McGlade ◽  
Ulrich Tepass
Keyword(s):  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Pdz Domain ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Mosaic Analysis ◽  
Spectrin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Surface Domains ◽  
Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition

Analysis of the mechanisms that control epithelial polarization has revealed that cues for polarization are mediated by transmembrane proteins that operate at the apical, lateral, or basal surface of epithelial cells. Whereas for any given epithelial cell type only one or two polarization systems have been identified to date, we report here that the follicular epithelium in Drosophila ovaries uses three different polarization mechanisms, each operating at one of the three main epithelial surface domains. The follicular epithelium arises through a mesenchymal–epithelial transition. Contact with the basement membrane provides an initial polarization cue that leads to the formation of a basal membrane domain. Moreover, we use mosaic analysis to show that Crumbs (Crb) is required for the formation and maintenance of the follicular epithelium. Crb localizes to the apical membrane of follicle cells that is in contact with germline cells. Contact to the germline is required for the accumulation of Crb in follicle cells. Discs Lost (Dlt), a cytoplasmic PDZ domain protein that was shown to interact with the cytoplasmic tail of Crb, overlaps precisely in its distribution with Crb, as shown by immunoelectron microscopy. Crb localization depends on Dlt, whereas Dlt uses Crb-dependent and -independent mechanisms for apical targeting. Finally, we show that the cadherin–catenin complex is not required for the formation of the follicular epithelium, but only for its maintenance. Loss of cadherin-based adherens junctions caused by armadillo (β-catenin) mutations results in a disruption of the lateral spectrin and actin cytoskeleton. Also Crb and the apical spectrin cytoskeleton are lost from armadillo mutant follicle cells. Together with previous data showing that Crb is required for the formation of a zonula adherens, these findings indicate a mutual dependency of apical and lateral polarization mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Genome-Wide Library of MADM Mice for Single-Cell Genetic Mosaic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximena Contreras ◽  
Amarbayasgalan Davaatseren ◽  
Nicole Amberg ◽  
Andi H. Hansen ◽  
Johanna Sonntag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Genetic Mosaic ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Mosaic Analysis

Chapter 34 Mosaic Analysis Using FLP Recombinase

1994 ◽  
pp. 655-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Xu ◽  
Stephen D. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Flp Recombinase ◽  
Mosaic Analysis

frizzled regulates mirror-symmetric pattern formation in the Drosophila eye

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (9) ◽  
pp. 3045-3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zheng ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
R.W. Carthew
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Morphogenetic Furrow ◽  
Symmetric Pattern ◽  
Mosaic Analysis ◽  
Drosophila Eye ◽  
A Cell

Coordinated morphogenesis of ommatidia during Drosophila eye development establishes a mirror-image symmetric pattern across the entire eye bisected by an anteroposterior equator. We have investigated the mechanisms by which this pattern formation occurs and our results suggest that morphogenesis is coordinated by a graded signal transmitted bidirectionally from the presumptive equator to the dorsal and ventral poles. This signal is mediated by frizzled, which encodes a cell surface transmembrane protein. Mosaic analysis indicates that frizzled acts non-autonomously in an equatorial to polar direction. It also indicates that relative levels of frizzled in photoreceptor cells R3 and R4 of each ommatidium affect their positional fate choices such that the cell with greater frizzled activity becomes an R3 cell and the cell with less frizzled activity becomes an R4 cell. Moreover, this bias affects the choice an ommatidium makes as to which direction to rotate. Equator-outwards progression of elav expression and expression of the nemo gene in the morphogenetic furrow are regulated by frizzled, which itself is dynamically expressed about the morphogenetic furrow. We propose that frizzled mediates a bidirectional signal emanating from the equator.

Caenorhabditis elegans lin-25: cellular focus, protein expression and requirement for sur-2 during induction of vulval fates

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (23) ◽  
pp. 4809-4819 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nilsson ◽  
X. Li ◽  
T. Tiensuu ◽  
R. Auty ◽  
I. Greenwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Map Kinase ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Genetic Mosaic ◽  
Mosaic Analysis ◽  
Map Kinase Pathway ◽  
Cell Fusions

Induction of vulval fates in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is mediated by a signal transduction pathway involving Ras and MAP kinase. Previous genetic analysis has suggested that two potential targets of this pathway in the vulva precursor cells are two novel proteins, LIN-25 and SUR-2. In this report, we describe further studies of lin-25. The results of a genetic mosaic analysis together with those of experiments in which lin-25 was expressed under the control of an heterologous promoter suggest that the major focus of lin-25 during vulva induction is the vulva precursor cells themselves. We have generated antisera to LIN-25 and used these to analyse the pattern of protein expression. LIN-25 is present in all six precursor cells prior to and during vulva induction but later becomes restricted to cells of the vulval lineages. Mutations in genes in the Ras/MAP kinase pathway do not affect the pattern of expression but the accumulation of LIN-25 is reduced in the absence of sur-2. Overexpression of LIN-25 does not rescue sur-2 mutant defects suggesting that LIN-25 and SUR-2 may function together. LIN-25 is also expressed in the lateral hypodermis. Overexpression of LIN-25 disrupts lateral hypodermal cell fusion, suggesting that lin-25 may play a role in regulating cell fusions in C. elegans.

scholarly journals Knockout silkworms reveal a dispensable role for juvenile hormones in holometabolous life cycle

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (31) ◽  
pp. E4226-E4235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Daimon ◽  
Miwa Uchibori ◽  
Hajime Nakao ◽  
Hideki Sezutsu ◽  
Tetsuro Shinoda
Keyword(s):  
Larval Instar ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Mrna Expression Level ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Juvenile Hormones ◽  
Competence Factor ◽  
Mosaic Analysis ◽  
Independent Mechanism

Insect juvenile hormones (JHs) prevent precocious metamorphosis and allow larvae to undergo multiple rounds of status quo molts. However, the roles of JHs during the embryonic and very early larval stages have not been fully understood. We generated and characterized knockout silkworms (Bombyx mori) with null mutations in JH biosynthesis or JH receptor genes using genome-editing tools. We found that embryonic growth and morphogenesis are largely independent of JHs in Bombyx and that, even in the absence of JHs or JH signaling, pupal characters are not formed in first- or second-instar larvae, and precocious metamorphosis is induced after the second instar at the earliest. We also show by mosaic analysis that a pupal specifier gene broad, which is dramatically up-regulated in the late stage of the last larval instar, is essential for pupal commitment in the epidermis. Importantly, the mRNA expression level of broad, which is thought to be repressed by JHs, remained at very low basal levels during the early larval instars of JH-deficient or JH signaling-deficient knockouts. Therefore, our study suggests that the long-accepted paradigm that JHs maintain the juvenile status throughout larval life should be revised because the larval status can be maintained by a JH-independent mechanism in very early larval instars. We propose that the lack of competence for metamorphosis during the early larval stages may result from the absence of an unidentified broad-inducing factor, i.e., a competence factor.

Developmental and genetic mosaic analysis ofDrosophila m-dy mutants: Tissue foci for behavioral and morphogenetic defects

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel M. Newby ◽  
F. Rob Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Mosaic ◽  
Mosaic Analysis
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