scholarly journals Without Place, Is It Real?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F Donnermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Crime And Place ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Social Disorganisation ◽  
Realist Criminology

This article reviews Matthews’ (2014) Realist Criminology as an opportunity to address larger shortcomings within critical criminology, which is the failure to develop an alternative theory of crime and place to the mainstream theories of social disorganisation and collective efficacy. It uses rural criminological work related to violence against women and substance use, production and trafficking to illustrate the importance of place for development of a realist criminology that can consider localised expressions of power and inequality, and the multiplicity of networks and roles by which people can simultaneously be involved in both conforming and deviant/criminal behaviours. The article also suggests that a critical theory of crime and place would be useful to the synthesis and re-interpretation of criminological literature that is either theory-less or lacks a critical perspective.

scholarly journals How Rural Criminology Informs Critical Thinking in Criminology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F Donnermeyer ◽  
John Scott ◽  
Elaine Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communities And Crime ◽  
Ecological Theories ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Social Disorganisation

Over the past quarter century, a growing volume of rural-focused criminological work has emerged. In this article, the literature related to three rural criminological issues are examined and discussed in terms of their lessons for critical criminology. Research on rural communities and crime is examined as a way to criticize and challenge mainstream criminological theories and concepts like social disorganisation and collective efficacy, and to remind critical criminologists of the importance for developing critical perspectives for place-based or ecological theories of crime. Agricultural crime studies are discussed in terms of the need to develop a critical criminology of agriculture and food. Finally, criminological studies of rural ‘others’ is used to show the need for critical criminologists to give greater analytic attention to divisions and marginalities of peoples living in smaller and more isolated places based on gender, race, and lifestyles, among other factors.

15. Critical criminology—part 1

Criminology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Case ◽  
Phil Johnson ◽  
David Manlow ◽  
Roger Smith ◽  
Kate Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Critical Theories ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Feminist Perspectives ◽  
Crime And Deviance ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
And Control

This chapter examines a range of criminological perspectives which are collectively known as critical criminology, with particular emphasis on labelling perspectives, Marxist inspired critical theories, and feminist perspectives. It begins with an overview of the four main ideas of positivism (in either its biological, psychological, or sociological forms): determinism, scientism, consensus, and treatment/rehabilitation. It then considers the philosophical and political arguments that underpin critical criminologies, along with the different foundational strands within critical criminology. It also discusses the importance of the ideas of social construction, power and power relations to critical criminology, as well as the problems of ‘deviance’ and its interpretation and control. Finally, it explores the development of critical criminology in Britain, the rise of the ‘new’ criminology, Taylor et al's (1973) notion of a ‘fully social theory’ of crime and deviance, and the issue of violence in relation to gender.

Critical Criminology

Criminology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Cultural Criminology ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Feminist Criminology ◽  
Convict Criminology ◽  
Do So

Like orthodox criminology, critical criminology has developed numerous specialties, and thus it is no longer possible to describe a generic critical criminology, or to succinctly summarize this view. For this reason, this entry excludes coverage of portions of critical criminology such as critical race/racial bias, feminist criminology, violence against women, postmodern/semiotic/constitutive criminology, cultural criminology, convict criminology, and environmental justice and environmental/green criminology. Despite growing specialization, the field of critical criminology is united in its emphasis on addressing power differentials, hierarchies, and inequalities as explanations of crime, as these impact the distribution of crime over time and place, and in relation to definitions of crime and justice and processes of doing justice, as these impact the making and enforcing of laws. These power differentials also mold intermediary cultures and their relations to crime and justice. In addition, a number of critical criminology perspectives attempt to promote economic, social, and political equity to diminish the production of crime and disparities in the making and enforcement of law. Some seek to do so by empowering victims and marginalized groups, and it is this commitment to the powerless and marginalized that distinguishes critical from orthodox criminology. The bibliographic material that follows is organized to best reflect the limited segment of critical criminology that can adequately be addressed here.

scholarly journals ‘Music of origin’: class, social category and the performers and audience of kiba, a South African migrant genre

Africa ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah James
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Performance Theory ◽  
Social Category ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Work Related ◽  
African Migrant ◽  
Modern Work

AbstractThis article uses a case study of the kiba migrant performance genre from the Northern Province of South Africa to illuminate recent theoretical ideas on the role of performers and audiences, and in so doing to offer a critical perspective on the way in which the concept of class has been conceptualised in some southern African studies. While the homogenising and Western-derived concept of class may well be unsuitable in some African and other southern contexts, as certain writers have claimed, migrant northern Sotho communities have developed indigenous notions of social category which combine modern work-related sources of identity with apparently backward-looking celebrations of traditional behaviour. The article examines the contention of performance theory that cultural expression does not merely reflect the predilections of established groupings of people but may provide a focus for the consolidation and identity of new ones.

scholarly journals Realist Criminology and its Discontents

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Winlow ◽  
Steve Hall
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Ball Rolling ◽  
Realist Position ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Realist Criminology

Critical criminology must move beyond twentieth-century empiricist and idealist paradigms because the concepts and research programmes influenced by these paradigms are falling into obsolescence. Roger Matthews’ recent work firmly advocates this position and helps to set the ball rolling. Here we argue that Matthews’ attempt to use critical realist thought to move Left Realism towards an advanced position can help to put criminology on a sound new footing. However, before this becomes possible numerous philosophical and theoretical issues must be ironed out. Most importantly, critical criminology must avoid political pragmatism and adopt a more critical stance towards consumer culture’s spectacle. A searching analysis of these issues suggests that, ultimately, criminology is weighed down with obsolete thinking to such an extent that to remain intellectually relevant it must move beyond both Left Realism and Critical Realism to construct a new ultra-realist position.

The "Relative Universality" of Human Rights: An Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-601
Author(s):  
Steve On
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Overlapping Consensus ◽  
Key Questions

AbstractThis essay makes an assessment of Jack Donnelly's model of overlapping consensus on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It raises key questions, such as: How to adjudicate competing rights; what is to become of "unreasonable" views; whence come reasonable views; and, beyond the obvious cases of slavery and genocide, how is the overlapping consensus obtained? While an alternative theory is not developed, a critical perspective is provided that might facilitate further inquiries.

scholarly journals An Example for the Construction of Masculinity in Turkey: The Woman Has No Name

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Cansun Sebnem
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Masculinity Studies ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Male Roles ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
New Research

In Turkey, the academic works on gender rather focus on Women’s Studies, whilst Masculinity Studies are perceived as a relatively new research field. From this perspective, the aim of this work is to look closely at the social construction of masculinity in Turkey through the feminist author Duygu Asena’s book entitled Kadının adı yok (The woman has no name). This book hit the bookstores in 1987 and had a selling record in Turkey with its forty editions within year. Duygu Asena rather depicts her male characters from a critical perspective. According to her, in the social construction of masculinity in Turkey we see that men use psychological, physical and sexual violence against women. Men criticize women, limit their liberties, beat them at times, have physical intercourse with them without necessarily asking for their consent. Even though in Turkey masculinity is actually getting modernized and we see non-traditional forms of masculinity around, we notice that hegemonic masculinity is getting reproduced in homosocial communities. We can argue that men encounter insecurity in the midst of the modernization process and suffer from the oppression related to the “male roles”. We recommend that there ought to be more contributions on Masculinity Studies in Turkey.

scholarly journals Resistance to violence against women on Spanish walls

2021 ◽  
pp. 147035722094363
Author(s):  
Jonna Tolonen
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Insight Into

Drawing upon visual ethnographic research carried out in two Spanish cities between 2015 and 2018, this visual essay explores the ability of street art to speak about violence against women. Posters, wall writings and stencils represent both visual communication and political expression that can give an insight into this gender-based phenomenon. Street art pieces are linked to broader social contexts. The photographs and discourse analysis of the street art presented in this essay pay attention to the specific contexts of Spanish society and investigate the social spaces in which street art pieces are embedded. The author offers a critical perspective on assumptions regarding the gendered construction of public space and reflections on street-level visual resistance about violence against women in Madrid and Valencia.

scholarly journals Realist Criminology, the New Aetiological Crisis and the Crime Drop

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Matthews
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Crime Drop ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Realist Criminology

This paper aims to provide a summary of some of the key issues outlined in my recent publication Realist Criminology (2014a). It discusses, in particular, the perceived deficiencies of both mainstream and critical criminology in relation to their explanations of the crime drop. It argues that the failure of criminologists to provide a convincing and plausible explanation of the recent decrease in recorded crime in Britain, North America and other countries has resulted in a new aetiological crisis. It is suggested that the failure to explain what is arguably the most significant development in relation to crime in living memory is no accident, but rather a function of the theoretical and methodological inadequacies that are prevalent in academic criminology.

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