scholarly journals Comment on “Holocene sedimentation in the southwestern Black Sea: Interplay between riverine supply, coastal eddies of the Rim Current, surface and internal waves, and saline underflow through the Strait of Bosphorus” by O. Ankindinova, A. E. Aksu, R. N. Hiscott [Marine Geology, 420 (2020) 106092]

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Ivan Genov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marine Geology ◽  
86Sr Ratio ◽  
Ocean Water ◽  
Principle Of Superposition ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The Stability

Ankindinova et al. (2020) describe a series of hydrological events that have led to sedimentation and stratigraphic variations in the gradual sinking of the Black Sea shelf during the Holocene. A key aspect of the study is the attempt to provide a reliable stratigraphic basis for proving of a transgression in the basin throughout the Holocene. However, the conclusions of this approach run counter to the stratigraphic rules: redeposition and significant hiatus in the transgressive phase change of depth of sediment core location (M05-03P) – principle of superposition; merging of transgressive and regressive deposits into a common stratigraphic unit (contradicts the sequential stratigraphy). For this reason, the stability of the conclusion of Ankindinova et al. (2020) for the totally transgressive Holocene development of the Black Sea is doubtful. In addition, the study is based on the interpretation that the increase in the 87Sr /86Sr ratio is solely dependent on ocean water inflow, which is not always correct for enclosed and semi-enclosed basins.

CORRELATION OF THE BLACK, MARMARA AND AEGEAN SEAS DURING THE HOLOCENE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Esin ◽  
Nikolay Esin ◽  
Vladimir Ocherednik ◽  
Vladimir Ocherednik
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Holocene

A mathematical model describing the change in the Black Sea level depending on the Aegean Sea level changes is presented in the article. Calculations have shown that the level of the Black Sea has been repeating the course of the Aegean Sea level for the last at least 6,000 years. And the level of the Black Sea above the Aegean Sea level in the tens of centimeters for this period of time.

Intensive Internal Waves with Anomalous Heights in the Black Sea Shelf Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Bondur ◽  
A. N. Serebryany ◽  
V. V. Zamshin ◽  
L. L. Tarasov ◽  
E. E. Khimchenko
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Shelf Area

scholarly journals Level of relics in high-mountain flora of isolated Fisht-Oshten Massif and Chernomorskaya Chain

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
I. N. Timukhin ◽  
B. S. Tuniyev
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Alpine Species ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Relic Species

For the first time the level of relics of the high-mountain flora of the northwestern edge of the highlands of the Caucasus has been established. The Fisht-Oshten Massif and the Black Sea Chain have a uniquely high level of relics - 51.0% (617 species), with a predominance of Tertiary-relic species - Rt - 41.2% (498 species). The second largest representation is a group of Holocene relics - Rx - 7.3% (88 species), the minimum represented Pleistocene relics - Rg - 2.5% (31 species). The relic level of alpine species is one of the highest in the Caucasus and is 52.8% (338 species). Alpine species also have predominance of Pliocene relics - 46.7% (299 species), the number of glacial relics is 2.5% (16 species), the share of xerothermic relics - 3.6% (23 species). In the preservation of relic species revealed general trends, depending on the remoteness of local flora from the main diaspora on the Fisht-Oshten Massif and the modern area of the meadow belt. These trends persist in Tertiary relics, while other patterns are observed for glacial and Holocene relics. The number of glacial relics fades to the west, most clearly it can be seen in alpine species. The number of Holocene relics as much as possible on the edge areas (Fisht-Oshten Massif and Mt. Semashkho) and minimally on the central peaks of the Black Sea Chain, where the Holocene expansion of xerophyte plants was insignificant.

scholarly journals BALLAST WATER POLLUTION RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE BLACK SEA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Vasile RAŢᾸ ◽  
Liliana RUSU
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Stability

Since the emergence of humanity, the marine environment has provided a safety net in many ways, has fostered socio-economic development, creating links between states, between continents. In the same time, it represents a priority source of food for a considerable percentage of the population. The same marine environment also creates solutions to current global problems, as a potential source of sustainable energy for the future. In recent decades, the stability of this ecosystem has been  considerably shaken by the various types of pollution resulting from human activities. The Black Sea is not immune to these results from economic activities, such as the transport of goods by water, which creates the context for the migration of living organisms from one geographical region to another. The threat of ecosystems has been intensified by the process of globalization, by changing the natural food chains following the accidental introduction of non- indigenous marine life by discharging ballast water from ship tanks. Risk assessment to limit the effects of this biohazard problem is the first step in a normal regional chain of action..

Was the Black Sea Catastrophically Flooded during the Holocene?

2011 ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Yanko-Hombach ◽  
Peta Mudie ◽  
Allan S. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Holocene

Climate Change and Regional Ocean Water Mass Disappearance: Case of the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 4803-4819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil V. Stanev ◽  
Elisaveta Peneva ◽  
Boriana Chtirkova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Ocean Water

Internal solitons on the Black Sea shelf: observation of waves of record amplitudes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Serebryany ◽  
Valeriy Bondur ◽  
Viktor Zamshin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
First Time

<p>When conducting work in the fall of 2015 on the Black Sea northeast shelf, we recorded internal waves, the unusualness of which attracts special attention for the following reasons. For the first time in 40 years of internal waves observations in the Black Sea, such high waves with amplitudes of 14–16 m were measured. The generation of these anomalous waves was connected with a cold atmospheric front passing over the sea. It was the first experimental evidence in the sea of such mechanism for internal waves generation. The observed internal waves had a clear seen character of nonlinear soliton-like waves.</p><p>We met the train of internal solitons during a sub-satellite survey conducted in the sea from a motor yacht equipped with ADCP “Rio Grande 600 kHz” in the waters near Cape Tolsty. The train was found at a point of the sea with a depth of 33 m and then was recorded on seven multidirectional tacks oriented normal to the coast. It moved across the shelf to the coast along the bottom thermocline, while the bottom currents accompanying it had a northwestern coastal orientation. The train included four waves of a soliton-like shape with sharpened crests and flattened troughs. Their lengths were 100-110 m, heights up to 14-16 m, vertical velocities in orbital currents reached 0.15-0.20 m/s. Another property of nonlinear waves was also expressed - the amplitude ranking of waves in the train. Traced on successive tacks for 2.5 hours, internal waves had preserved the soliton-like shape and as well the strong vertical component in their orbital currents. Despite the fact that the train was moving along the bottom thermocline, the effect of internal waves was sufficient to appear on satellite radar images of the sea surface of the study area. The performed processing of satellite images confirmed the wave parameters measured by contact methods.  An interesting fact of a long accompaniment of internal solitons by a school of fish was discovered. Fishes were concentrated in areas where internal waves carried the components of fish food supply to the surface from the bottom layers. The work was partially supported by RFBR grant 19- 05-00715.</p>

scholarly journals The catastrophic landslide on the Black Sea coast which destroyed the Roman town of Bisonе (south of Kavarna town)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Dimcho Evstatiev ◽  
Yordan Evlogiev ◽  
Mariana Nedelcheva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Front Part ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Coastal Shelf ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Sea Coast

In the second half of the Ist century BC seismogenic landslide/rockfall tore off the front part of the Chirakman Cape in the western part of the Kavarna Bay. The rich quarters of the Roman city of Bisone slid down into the sea. According to data from underwater archaeology artifacts and walls of the settlement are found up to 80 m inside the sea. The paper considers the tectonic conditions, the geological-geomorphological structure of the landslide, the paleogeography of the coastal shelf during the Holocene and the hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions in the area. A reconstruction of the coastline and sea-level position during the catastrophic landslide has been developed. Stability analyses have been performed too.

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