NETWORK CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONS THEY PERFORM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS OF SMEs IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES---exploratory research on Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (08) ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Seerat Fatima ◽  
Sheraz Arif
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Different Types

The purpose of this study is to classify the networks according to functions they performed, especially scrutinize their structures. The research concentrates on the influence of these functional networks on the internationalization process of small and medium sized companies (SME) in developing countries. What are the different types of support being provided by network partners? What is the structure of the existing network? The research part is inductive, qualitative and based on case study. The study’s findings illustrate the subtleties of how various network partners interact with entrepreneurs to penetrate, integrate and extend their international markets. Networks can help entrepreneurs expose themselves to new opportunities, obtain knowledge, learn from experiences, and benefit from the synergistic effect of pooled resources. Another contribution of this paper is that it identifies structures of the functional networks, till date networks are classified on the basis of extent of support they provide, not on what support they provide, thus advancing the literature.

Internationalization in Business-to-Business Markets

2018 ◽  
pp. 460-487
Author(s):  
António Carrizo Moreira ◽  
Pedro Miguel Freitas da Silva
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Business Markets ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Business To Business

The internationalization of firms is a growing important phenomenon in the Economy. Thus, to face the new competitive challenges of globalized markets, industrial small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to implement new organizational approaches to take on new challenges in international markets. Based on a case study, this chapter reviews the literature on internationalization theories. Drawing on the network-based approach and on the resource-based view of the firm, we examine how collaborative new product development processes played a fundamental role in the internationalization process of a SME using a relationship-based perspective. The featured case concerns to a successful ex-small technical textile firm that leveraged its competitive strategy, climbed up the value chain, and extended its international activities following a technology-based path.

Challenging the Theoretical Lenses of Internationalization

2018 ◽  
pp. 112-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Sofia Pinto ◽  
Maria Manuel Ribeiro ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Born Globals ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Uppsala Model ◽  
Active Behavior ◽  
Business Behavior ◽  
Born Again ◽  
International Behavior

Internationalization involves an active behavior to compete in international markets. Several theories, as well as several entry modes, have been developed to explain why and how firms compete internationally. Nevertheless, the internationalization process is difficult to implement as it involves not only historical reasons, as well as traditional strategies that sometimes are usually not questioned by the firm. This chapter aims to depict a case study in which a firm is trying to deploy an opportunity-driven internationalization, shifting its traditional modus operandi. The firm is analyzed based on several theories, namely the Uppsala model, the network-based theory, the born globals and the born again globals, and it is possible to conclude that despite its more than 80 years of existence, neither of the four theories can be properly used to explain the firm's international behavior. Moreover, to embrace international challenges, the firm needs to reposition its traditional business behavior.

To be ‘skilled’ or not to be ‘skilled’? A case study exploring the interaction of two crafts in anthropological fieldwork in Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Sarah Emily Brown
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Skilled Practitioner ◽  
Anthropological Fieldwork ◽  
Modes Of Interaction

This article reflects on the use of, and interactions between, embroidery and reed weaving as methods in anthropological fieldwork with Malagasy craftswomen. The research explores changes in craft methodologies as weavers faced with declining natural resources have shifted to practising embroidery instead. Engagement with the making process was central to the research design, through an apprenticeship in reed weaving and participant observation using both crafts. Reflection on this approach suggests that the researcher’s pre-existing skills affected the role that each craft took in the research, shaping distinct modes of interaction and generating different types of knowledge. Research activities using weaving, in which the researcher was seen as ‘unskilled’, tended to generate technical, practical and logistical knowledge. Activities using embroidery, in which the researcher was already experienced and seen as a ‘skilled’ practitioner, shaped more exploratory research spaces in which more personal conversations emerged. This article discusses ways that the two processes were used to complement each other and suggests that combining both ‘skilled’ and ‘unskilled’ positions could help to overcome some of the challenges of cross-cultural craft research.

Attitudinal commitment in firms’ de-internationalization processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-588
Author(s):  
Andrea Kuiken ◽  
Robert Wentrup ◽  
Roger Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Continuance Commitment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Foreign Operations ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the de-internationalization process to determine how different forms of attitudinal commitment influence the de-internationalization process. Design/methodology/approach Because of the exploratory nature of the study, a case study design is used. Two cases of Swedish companies, which de-internationalize from the French market, are studied. Findings Different commitment profiles influence the de-internationalization process. In particular, a general commitment profile, in which affective, normative, instrumental and continuance commitment play a role, influences the timing of de-internationalization, while the effort directed toward the execution of de-internationalization is mainly influenced by normative commitment and the extent of de-internationalization mainly by instrumental commitment. Research limitations/implications By offering three propositions regarding the four types of commitment and the effects of these commitment types on the process of de-internationalization, the authors contribute to the literature on de-internationalization and the commitment literature. Practical implications The findings suggest that there is a risk that managers continue to commit resources to a market for a longer period without clear benefits because of affective and continuance commitment. As local employees persist in committing to the local market because of continuance commitment, offering viable alternatives reduces commitment to the foreign operations. Originality/value Distinguishing between different types of commitment, the paper builds on a more fine-grained typology of commitment than previous internationalization literature. Thereby, the paper opens up for new insights in the de-internationalization process.

scholarly journals Coopetição na internacionalização das vinícolas gaúchas por meio das instituições formais

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Jefferson Marlon Monticelli ◽  
Silvio Luís de Vasconcellos ◽  
Ivan Lapuente Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
Multiple Case

This study analyses the coopetition strategy adopted by wineries in Southern Brazil with the support of local formal institutions to promote their internationalization. A multiple case study with 21 interviews with wineries and formal institutions of the industry was carried out. We used the discourse analysis based on the following categories: industry characterization, national and international markets, internationalization process, and institutional environment. The interpretations regarding the Integrated Sectorial Project (ISP) Wines of Brasil are shown. Despite its relevance, not all those involved have joined the project, because it promotes the internationalization unevenly through the competitive advantage while enhancing the differences between the wineries.  The main contributions are expanding the knowledge about coopetition by understanding the role of formal institutions and promoting the international competitiveness of firms in the wine industry.

The Internationalization Process of a Born Global

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Carrizo Moreira ◽  
Mariana Ramos ◽  
Lisa Freitas Ferraz ◽  
Diogo Martins
Keyword(s):  
High School Teachers ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Born Global ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Early Internationalization ◽  
A Company

Although companies seek to export in order to meet the growing importance of international markets, vis-à-vis domestic markets, this chapter presents a case study of a company founded by two former high school teachers who started a beverage company in 2015 and quickly reached an early internationalization. The company produces alcoholic beverages and has won international awards regarding the quality of its product, which has given it an important status and opened the door to a process of rapid internationalization. This will be used to explore the theory of entrepreneurship and how two potential entrepreneurs, with employment difficulties in teaching, began with a project that gave birth to a born global firm.

New Product Development and the Challenges of Internationalization

2015 ◽  
pp. 65-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Moreira ◽  
Pedro Miguel Freitas da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Competitive Strategy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
New Product ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Internationalization Process

The internationalization of firms has reached levels never seen before. As a consequence and in order to face the new competitive challenges of globalized markets, industrial small and medium-sized enterprises must be able to adapt to new organizational approaches, to innovate and to further develop their networks. Based on a case study, this chapter reviews the literature on internationalization and networks and addresses a less researched topic of supplier-clients relationships in the value chain referring to the importance of the networks, resources and collaborative new product development on the internationalization process of firms. The case reports a successful ex-small technical textile company that leveraged its competitive strategy based on technology-based paths and is thriving in both domestic and international markets.

Born-Again Globals

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Ana Vieira ◽  
Ema Fonseca ◽  
Inês Oliveira ◽  
Joana Lobo ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Uppsala Model ◽  
Late Entry ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Born Again ◽  
Internationalization Behavior

Based on the literature on the Uppsala model, born-again globals, non-linear internationalization model, and late market entry, this chapter aims to portray the history, changes, and adaptations of OMEGA's internationalization process. This transitioning firm manufactures furniture and wooden hockey sticks. This chapter identifies that OMEGA follows a non-linear internationalization process and late entry into international markets. The principal added value of the case study presented here is related to presenting OMEGA's non-linear internationalization process, which displays reactive internationalization behavior in response to a saturated domestic market, typical of the Uppsala model, and which subsequently ends in a rapid internationalization process, as a born-again global, as a result of a change in its top management. During its internationalization process, OMEGA changed its internationalization pace, modes of entry, and export actions by adapting to the external environment and then changing its strategic focus.

De-Internationalization of SMEs

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-169
Author(s):  
Antonio Carrizo Moreira ◽  
Pedro Miguel Freitas da Silva ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Hugo Oliveira Gadim
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
International Operations

Existing literature has devoted high attention to the topic of internationalization. A common assumption is that companies progressively commit to international operations; however, with the increase of competition in international markets, there may be a backwards perspective towards international operations. In this chapter, the topic of de-internationalization is examined, and a case study of a Portuguese SME that de-internationalized conducted. The featured case highlights the drivers and the main challenges of internationalization, as well as the factors and the difficulties in a de-internationalization process. The chapter findings highlight the need to expand the existing research on the topics of de-internationalization and re-internationalization.

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