Are born global firms really a “new breed” of exporters? Empirical evidence from an emerging market

This study investigates and compares born global (BG) firms and non-BG firms in Malaysia. We employed the multigroup analysis technique with structural equation models to test six hypotheses to determine the differences and similarities between two proposed models of BG and non-BG firms across a wide range of industries. The study reveals differences between the antecedents of marketing capabilities for BGs versus non-BGs, indicating that the performance enabling mechanisms differ between the groups. More precisely, the ability of BG firms to convert digital and entrepreneurial orientations into marketing capabilities is found to be a distinguishing characteristic of these firms. Moreover, non-BGs utilize government support to build marketing capabilities and obtain superior performance in the international market. This result suggests that governmental export promotion initiatives in Malaysia should be adjusted to increase relevance for BGs. The findings indicate that marketing capabilities play an essential role in the international market performance of both BGs and non-BGs. An important implication is that managerial focus and actions need to be adjusted depending on the type of firm. The two types of firms are not equal; if they are managed similarly, misjudgment will arise.

Born brothers, born global: multiple possible faces of the internationalization path

Purpose Operating in a variety of countries, multinational companies (MNCs) experience a high variety and variability of physiological and contextual dynamics, requiring a more careful knowledge management approach. In this scenario, this paper aims to investigate the entrepreneurial facets and managerial aspects (entrepreneurial orientation/managerial intentionality) of MNCs’ internationalization from a knowledge-based perspective. Design/methodology/approach A theory-building approach is applied, involving a comparative case study of two MNCs conceived through the separation of a unique family business. Aiming to enrich the research about companies’ internationalization, some crucial elements are individuated to build a theoretical frame explaining the evolutionary paths of so-called born global. Findings This paper shows that companies’ internationalization development is based on a multiplicity of variables and underlines the need to incorporate different points of view when attempting to explain the dynamics of internationalization processes. Research limitations/implications The empirical significance of the two cases does not legitimize theorization. However, this research presents interesting results that could be strengthened by a series of comparative case studies dealing with other MNCs or deeper quantitative investigation. Originality/value This research approach could be considered as stimulating by the scientific and managerial community, as the internationalization process is articulated by mixing managerial, entrepreneurial and cognitive aspects.

Early Internationalizing of Small-Medium Firms

Internationalization is not an odd term in business, and increasing numbers in the business world show this phenomenon as a vital element that must be emphasized and practiced by an organization to become the top company in international markets. Born global has become a new entity entering the global market and rapidly evolved to catch up and maintain its pace with international new ventures. Gaining the upper hand in the international market has motivated the born global entity to compete with other giant companies in the same markets. This chapter's findings enlighten the crucial parts of the definition between these two terms supported with previous studies that encompass gaps, conventional and new ventures, and the advantages versus liabilities that existed in the new venture firms. In addition, this chapter's discussions would offer better justification and views in global market perspectives.

Uzņēmējdomāšanas attīstība kā virzošais faktors veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveidei

Promocijas darbs ir pētījums uzņēmējdomāšanas jomā. Darbā pētīta uzņēmējdomāšanas un veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveides procesa mijiedarbība. Uzņēmējdomāšana ir promocijas darba pētījuma objekts, tā pētīta kā dinamisks process, kas virza indivīdu uz rezultātu sasniegšanu. Veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveide ir uzņēmējdomāšanas dinamiskā procesa rezultāts. Promocijas darbs ietver pētījumus par uzņēmējdomāšanas individuālo iezīmju lomu kā pamatu uzņēmēja virzībai uz veiksmīgu “born global” procesu.

Advancement of the Entrepreneurial Mindset as a Driving Force for the Creation of a Successful Born Global Strategy

The Doctoral Thesis is devoted to the field of entrepreneurial mindset and its interaction with the process of the creation of a successful born global strategy. Entrepreneurial mindset is the research object of the Doctoral Thesis, it refers to a specific state of mind, which orientates a human towards entrepreneurial activities and outcomes. Successful born global strategy is considered as the outcome of the dynamic process of entrepreneurial mindset. The present Doctoral Thesis covers research on the role of the individual level characteristics of entrepreneurial mindset as basis for running born global companies.

Success Indicators Influencing Choice Between Born Global and Born Regional Approach

This paper explores the differences between born global firms and born regional firms. It compares performance between born regional firms and born global firms within the same industry. This paper would investigate three independent variables which are: firm performance, firm size, and model on a company’s strategy. I argue that despite key success indicators being almost similar in both born global firms and born regional firms, there exist some unique commonality in born global firms that are not evident in born regional firms, and vise-versa. This uniqueness motivates them to internationalize quicker than born regional firms. This paper would contribute to IB research by explaining the motivations behind behaviors of international venture firms Keywords: Born global firms, Born regional firms, international venture firms, Internationalization, resource based theory, stakeholder theory, shareholder theory

Born global: la cuarta perspectiva de la internacionalización

Este estudio tiene como objetivo revisar la investigación científica sobre el fenómeno de las empresas nacidas globales desde sus inicios hasta el 2019. Basado en una revisión sistemática de literatura de 793 escritos sobre este tipo de empresas, a partir de la colección de la base de datos Scopus, los autores discuten sobre el origen del concepto de estas empresas, sus características, los factores asociados, así como un estudio de la producción de escritos en la perspectiva de la internacionalización. Este análisis proporciona datos particulares de esta “nueva” perspectiva, y los resultados obtenidos sirven para brindarle una mayor importancia con el objetivo de respaldar futuras investigaciones con base en esta.