Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 219-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Merrett
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Employment Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Employment Rights ◽  
Rome I

AbstractCases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.

Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 219-244
Author(s):  
Louise Merrett
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Employment Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Employment Rights ◽  
Rome I

Abstract Cases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.

10 Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 219-244
Author(s):  
Louise Merrett
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Employment Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Employment Rights ◽  
Rome I

AbstractCases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.

Part VI The Law of Property, 38 Trusts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torremans Paul
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Choice Of Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines the private international law rules governing trusts which are laid down in the Recognition of Trusts Act 1987 and its scheduled Convention. The Recognition of Trusts Act was passed in 1987 to enable the UK to give effect to the Convention, formally concluded in 1985 by the Hague Conference on Private International Law, on the Law Applicable to Trusts and on their Recognition. The chapter begins with a discussion of some preliminary issues, such as the definition of a trust, types of trust that fall within the 1987 Act, validity of the instrument of creation of the trust, and transfer of trust assets. It then considers the specific rules governing choice of law and the recognition of trusts, along with mandatory rules and public policy. It also looks at the variation of trusts and marriage settlements, citing the relevant provisions of the Variation of Trusts Act 1958.

Legal Regulation of Adjudication in Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Issues of Conflict Rules)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Татьяна Лазарева ◽  
Tatyana Lazaryeva
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Conflict Of Laws ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Rome I

The article deals with conflict of laws regulation of transfer of creditor’s rights to another person (assignment of claims (cessions) and transfer of rights under the law) in terms of amendments to Part III of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The author notes that though amendments to the separate article on cession are not fundamental, the amendments of other articles of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, concerning contractual obligations, do influence regulation of relations between the parties in assignment. The article pays special attention to the new conflict of law rule regulating the transfer of the creditor’s rights under the law. Relevant court practice is analyzed. On the basis of comparing legislations of specific countries, as well as norms of EC No. 593/2008 (‘‘Rome I’’) Regulation and EC No. 864/2007 (‘‘Rome II’’) Regulation the author draws the conclusion that despite some differences in conflict of laws regulation of the transfer of the creditor’s rights, in general the Russian rules comply with modern trends in private international law in the majority of European countries.

Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.4 Europe: Coordinated by Thomas Kadner Graziano, 46 Norway: Norwegian Perspectives on the Hague Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cordero-Moss Giuditta
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Party Autonomy ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Law ◽  
Rome I ◽  
The Eu

This chapter assesses Norwegian perspectives on the Hague Principles. To understand the significance in Norway of the Hague Principles, it is necessary to explain the Norwegian system of private international law and its sources. Historically, conflict rules in Norway were not codified. Nowadays, private international law, at least as far as civil obligations are concerned, is undergoing a process of codification. A proposal for a statute on the law applicable to obligations has been released for public consultation, which has been concluded, and the Ministry is expected to draft a Proposition on that basis. The proposal is largely based on the EU regulations Rome I and Rome II. The Norwegian system of private international law may therefore be said to have turned into a system that is de facto parallel to EU Private International Law. Should the proposed statute be enacted, the system will also formally, albeit unilaterally, be parallel to Rome I and Rome II. Generally, therefore, it can be assumed that conflict rules will coincide with the rules contained in Rome I. In such a picture, the role that the Hague Principles may play for the Norwegian regime of party autonomy is quite restricted, as Norwegian courts generally use sources of soft law as a corroboration of Norwegian law, but not as a correction.

Ch.3 Validity, s.3: Illegality, Art.3.3.1

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuniberti Gilles
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Mandatory Rule ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Definition Of

This commentary focuses on Article 3.3.1 of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) concerning contracts that infringe mandatory rules. Art 3.3.1 governs a specific aspect of the mandatory rules regime, namely the effect that their infringement produces on a contract. The relevant mandatory rules, however, are not set forth in the PICC; rather, the PICC defer to the binding norms from which such rules originate. Thus, the definition of what constitutes illegal conduct is to be found in those binding norms. Similarly, Art 3.3.1 defers to Art 1.4 PICC with respect to the applicability of any mandatory rule, which, in turn, defers to the relevant rules of private international law. This commentary discusses the scope of application of Art 3.3.1, with particular emphasis on the effects of mandatory rules whether or not expressly prescribed, effects upon the contract and remedies under the contract, and the importance of mandatory rules.

scholarly journals Wpływ przepisów wymuszających swoje zastosowanie na rozstrzyganie spraw spadkowych pod rządami rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) Nr 650/2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 43-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Żarnowiec
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Original Solution ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
The Law ◽  
Special Rules

Since August 17, 2015 the courts of the Member States of the European Union apply the conflict-of-laws rules adopted in the EU Succession Regulation (EU) in succession matters. From the Polish point of view, this constitutes not only the change of the rules applied for the purposes of determining jurisdiction and the applicable law, but also a new approach to the overriding mandatory provisions. Contrary to other European instruments of private international law, the Succession Regulation neither uses the term “overriding mandatory provisions”, nor defines its meaning. Nevertheless, in Article 30 the Regulation provides for application — irrespective of the law applicable to the succession under its conflict rules — of the special rules of the State, where certain immovable property, enterprises or other special categories of assets are located, and which — for economic, family or social considerations — impose restrictions concerning or affecting the succession in respect of those assets, in so far as, under the law of that State, they are applicable irrespective of the law applicable to the succession. The interpretation of this provision cause difficulties. It is not clear whether the concept of the special provisions embodied in Article 30 refers to the concept of overriding mandatory rules, well known in the European private international law, or whether it constitutes an original solution. Another controversial issue discussed in the paper is the relevance of the mandatory rules of the forum or the third State other than those mentioned in Article 30.

scholarly journals Rome I Regulation a—Mostly—Unified Private International Law of Contractual Relationships within—Most—of the European Union

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behr Volker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Contractual Relationships ◽  
The Law ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
One Year ◽  
Rome I

The year 2009 was an important year in the development of unified private international law in the European Union. At the beginning of the year, Regulation (EC) No. 864/2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II)  entered into force. And at the end of the year Regulation (EC) 593/2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I) followed suit. Hence, within one year significant parts of the private international law relevant to international business transactions have been unified within most of the Member States of the European Union. Further segments are to follow up on these developments.

scholarly journals Super-mandatory rules in private international law

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-C) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Yury Alexandrovich Svirin ◽  
Sergej Nikolaevich Shestov ◽  
Vladislav Petrovich Sorokin ◽  
Marina Andreevna Simanova ◽  
Catherina Aleksandrovna Kukhturskaya
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of

The article studies the concept and the need to apply super-mandatory rules in international private relations. The concept of super-mandatory rules emerged in international law in the 20th century. However, different countries provide various definitions of such rules and develop different practices of their application. The diversification of this concept hinders the effective protection of violated rights and obligations of parties to international relations. Analyzing different acts of international law, the authors of the article offer their vision of super-mandatory rules. Methods: The topic was studied through general scientific methods and special scientific methods, including system-structural, historical, technical-legal analysis, comparative jurisprudence, etc. The objective is to examine the application of super-mandatory rules (in particular, their possible application in international private relations), as well as determine and formulate their essence. Results: The authors have studied the application of super-mandatory rules in various countries, including Russia. They have also formed the definition of super-mandatory rules and considered the possibility of their application in Russia.

scholarly journals OVERRIDING MANDATORY PROVISIONS IN CROATIAN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Dora Zgrabljić Rotar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rome I ◽  
Mandatory Provision

Overriding mandatory provisions are mandatory provisions that are applicable in situations with an international element. The author analyses overriding mandatory norms in the European private international law and in the Croatian national private international law. The definition of such norms provided in the 2017 Croatian Private International Law Act is almost a verbatim copy of the definition provided in the Rome I Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations. The 1982 Croatian Private International Law Act did not provide for a definition of overriding mandatory norms but it was uniformly accepted in the scholarly interpretations that those types of mandatory norms were accepted by the Croatian private international law system. Moreover, the 1982 PIL Act included a substantive family law provision, which was, in essence, an overriding mandatory provision. However, Croatian courts and practitioners have been reluctant to refer explicitly to an applied norm as an overriding mandatory one. The reasons behind that might be that that the courts were better acquainted with the public policy exception, since public policy was explicitly mentioned in the 1982 PIL Act, as well as in some other legal acts. In addition, the legislator does not explicitly note that a provision is an overriding mandatory one in the provision itself, which leads to the outcome that the courts and other practitioners are burdened with a complex task of interpretation of a provision they think might be an overriding mandatory one. The author aims at providing guidelines to facilitate that task.

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