Peculiarities of countering legalization of criminal income with the help of virtual assets: legislative regulation and practical implementation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define and characterize peculiarities of countering the legalization of criminal income with the help of virtual assets. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of the legislative delineation and the realities of the practical implementation of the features of combating the legalization of criminal proceeds with the help of virtual assets in Ukraine was carried out with the help of general scientific methods of cognition. The systematic method helped identify the main ways to legalize criminal proceeds with the help of virtual assets. Using legal techniques, proposals will be formulated to amend draft legislation on legislative regulation of the concept of “virtual assets”. The generalization method was used to develop ways to combat the legalization of criminal proceeds with the help of virtual assets. The method of legal forecasting was used to substantiate the proposed areas of combating money laundering with the help of virtual assets. The method of extrapolation will be used to determine the possibility of implementing foreign experience in domestic practice to combat money laundering with the help of virtual assets. Findings One of the relatively new and increasingly popular ways of money laundering is to commit this act with the help of virtual assets. Methods of money laundering through virtual assets include services for the conversion of virtual assets, P2P exchange, gambling sites, virtual asset mixers and the use of fictitious internet sites selling digital goods. The difficulty of counteracting the legalization of criminal proceeds with the help of virtual assets is primarily due to the lack of legislative regulation of the concept of “virtual assets” in Ukraine. Yes, the draft law is currently being finalized. Besides, even the current edition is not evaluated by the authors as perfect. After all, the issue of the content of the concept of “virtual assets” and its relationship with virtual securities, cryptocurrency and virtual property remains unresolved. Originality/value One of the relatively new and increasingly popular ways of money laundering is to commit this act with the help of virtual assets. Methods of money laundering through virtual assets include services for the conversion of virtual assets, P2P exchange, gambling sites, virtual asset mixers and the use of fictitious internet sites selling digital goods. It is essential to intensify financial monitoring by financial control bodies over the activities of conversion service centers. Moreover, given the transnational nature of legalizing criminal proceeds, especially those committed through virtual assets, international cooperation in combating this crime is vital. The authors have proposed specific measures to ensure that a coherent consolidation of efforts can be built.

Construction of Scientific Facts – Why is Relativism Essential in Bypassing Incommensurable Gaps in Humanities. Case of Personal Involvement – Biased Scientific Facts

This paper addresses the theory of knowledge in relativistic terms of Paul Feyerabend, stressing the importance of personal involvement in the research and theorizing. Since the topic is a constant and widely accepted premise the author is insisting that it has been actually ignored in the sociology and philosophy of science. It is apparent in discursive form, neglected in actual consequences for science in general. Defending the thesis of relativism had remained unacknowledged by the general scientific community. Biographies of mavericks and their struggle and exclusion from scientific community etc. had been constant in the history of science. Is science nowadays able to accept criticism and implement arguments of knowledge beyond the institutionalized standards? Throughout this article we argue that personal involvement creates biased scientific facts; acknowledging and applying tacit knowledge we move beyond personal involvement and create appropriate interpretations of facts and phenomena under investigation, where we reconsider the construction of facts and personal beliefs, knowing that our fields of expertise are incommensurable.

Model Types of Crowdfunding: a Comparative Analysis of the Russian and European Experience

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern European model types of crowdfunding and the Russian practice of crowdfunding. The methodological component of the work was made up of general scientific and special methods, which include statistical and comparative analysis. The purpose of this study is to compare the modern European crowdfunding market with the Russian alternative finance market. At the first stage, the process of transformation of model types of crowdfunding in the European region and the UK from 2015 to the present has been studied. At the second stage, the situation on the Russian crowdfunding market is considered. As a result of the comparison of the European and Russian alternative finance markets, the latter has revealed a huge lag in terms of the variety of model types of crowdfunding offered, available and used on the market, as well as the volume of resources attracted through crowdfunding platforms.

The Arctic and global warming: adaptation to climate change and environmental protection

The subject of this research is the legal norms that regulate social relations arising in the context of implementation of measures aimed at global warming prevention and adaption to climate change. The goal of this work lies in formulization of theoretical and practical conclusions and recommendations for the improvement of legal regulation in this sphere based on the analysis of legislation, policy documents of different countries, as well as information and data pertinent to climate change. Methodological framework is comprised of the logical techniques, means of cognition, general scientific and special methods, such as analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, comparative-legal, formal-legal,  etc. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by the continuous global warming worldwide, particularly the temperatures in the northern polar region. At the same time, the experts note that the efforts made by the international community to reduce greenhouse gas emissions neither decelerate the global warming, nor reduce the concentration of such gases. This means that that the efforts should be aimed at adaptation to the new climatic realities. The article examines the questions related to climate protection, as well as adaptation to climate change applicable to the Arctic. A number of theoretical and practical conclusions and recommendations are made. For protection of the Arctic environment in the conditions of changing climate, it is necessary to stipulate in the Russian legislation such legal instrument as the strategic environmental assessment, at least for projects implemented in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.

“Coronavirus” Innovations in Media Language and Internet Communication

The article examines the structural features of neologisms associated with coronavirus pandemic based on the texts of mass media and Internet communication. The paper uses such research methods as the continuous sampling method, the general scientific descriptive and analytical method, the methods of word-formation, structural and semantic analysis of neologisms. The authors analyzed the nominal derivatives of conventional (addition, prefix, suffixation, affixation) and occasional (inter-word overlap, graphic hybridization, substitution derivation) methods of word formation in media texts. The key elements of the sociocultural space (virus, quarantine, coronavirus, masks, etc.) that evoke negative associations in the addressee are identified. Having found and analysed nominations with the corona component, the researchers proved that this element tends to demonstrate the features of prefixoid. Neologisms with corona component are critical phenomena, negative changes in the economy, tourism, politics; they denote the living conditions that have developed during the coronavirus infection, etc. It is shown that the vocabulary of the modern Russian language is actively replenished with verbal neologisms, which areused to add expressiveness to media text; they correlate with actual phenomena of public life. The authors conclude that "coronavirus" neologisms participate in creating the expressiveness of the text, reflect reality, and allow journalists to deliver their own opinion. The results of the conducted research contribute to word-formation neology, media linguistics, can be useful to students of philological specialties, lecturers and tutors, as well as to anyone interested in active processes, which occur in the modern Russian language.

To the 100th anniversary of the Medical Faculty of Belarusian State University (1921–2021)

Objective. To study the process of formation of the Medical Faculty of Belarusian State University in the early 1920s.Materials and methods. Archival, periodical and narrative sources processed by general scientific and special historical research methods.Results. The emergency of a higher medical education in Belarus became possible only after the solid establishment of Soviet power in its territory. Political and ideological components played a significant role in the processes of the selection of future doctors and their education, but at the same time, democratic elements of self-government were implemented along with the formation of the Medical Faculty.Conclusion. Despite the successful experience of organizing the Medical Faculty of Belarusian State University, a small number of graduates in the 1920s and the general lack of doctors in the BSSR predetermined the need for its reorganization into an self-administered academic institution– Minsk Medical Institute.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE OLBIAN COINS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 4TH CENTURY BC.

Since the beginning of the XXI century, the amount of available for the researchers numismatic material has increased significantly, so introducing a new types of coins into the scientific circulation has become an especially relevant in modern numismatics, even when the archaeological context of most of these finds is almost lost. The study of ancient numismatics of Olbia is rapidly gaining in modern Ukraine. At the beginning of the XX century, ancient numismatics already had some significant achievements, but the accumulated material required urgent cataloging and systematization. During last 10 years since the publication of the most important and thorough catalog of ancient coins by Vladlen Opanasovich Anokhin, as well as the results of cataloging Olbia coins by other researchers - Valery Nechitaylo and Grigory Makandarov, numismatics has been enriched by new previously unknown coin types. The aim of the study. The main purpose of the article is to introduce into the scientific circulation new varieties of Olbia coins and to compile the most complete classification of Olbia coins of the IV century BC. Research methodology. In the process of scientific elaboration of the topic general scientific methods were used: analytical, chronological, and topographical, as well as source methods: critical, metrological and iconographic. A systematic approach to the processing of modern finds from private collections and access to the collections of foreign museums was the impetus for writing an expanded classification work. The scientific novelty. The value of the processed materials is that they not only complement this group of coins, but also refine previously published types in unsatisfactory condition, where incorrect reading of the names and trinkets has led to inaccuracies. The Conclusions. The so-called «obol series» covers the period of the Olbia minting around 350-330 BC. The monetary system consists of four denominations: obol (on the coin field depicts Demeter and the eagle on the dolphin), dikhalk (on the coin field depicts Demeter and the eagle on the dolphin), hulk (on the coin field depicts Demeter and the ear, dolphin) and hemihalk (depicts Demeter and dolphin). The die analysis allowed to divide the coins of Olbia of the IV century BC senior denomination for two stylistic groups. According to the results of our own research, we were able to determine the following number of varieties of each of these denominations: obols – 24 types, dikhalks - 6 types, hulks - 6 types, hemihalks - 2 types. We see the prospect of further research in the introduction into scientific circulation of new previously undiscovered varieties of Olbian coins from little-studied sources - materials of museum collections in Ukraine and abroad, among numismatic rarities sold at numismatic auctions and private collections.

Musical and theatrical reflection of the creative practice of N.N. Sinelnikov: a cultural dimension

The purpose of the article is to carry out a culturological dimension and define as a synthetic phenomenon the musical-theatrical aspect of the artistic activity of the outstanding actor, director, theater teacher, and entrepreneur Mykola Mykolayovych Sinelnikov (late 19th – early 20th century). The methodology of research is based on the use of a complex of general scientific and specific scientific methods in accordance with the cultural discourse. In order to study the problem in a historical sequence, the historical method was applied. Setting the goal of illumination and analytical measurement of the constituent components of the problem under study, the system-analytical method is applied. The system-structural method is used to study a cultural phenomenon as a system of interrelated and interacting elements. The hermeneutic method is used to study and interpret the theoretical provisions of the problem under study. In order to study the life path of a creative person, illuminate her inner world, and understand the motives of her activity, the biographical method is used. The generalization method was applied to determine the general conclusions of the study. The scientific novelty lies in the musical and theatrical reflection of the creative phenomenon of the outstanding artist-reformer of the late 19th – early 20th centuries Mykola Sinelnikov. Conclusions. Consideration of the issue raised in the article made it possible to state the importance of the presentation of the creative practice of N.N. Sinelnikov as a representative of musical and theatrical syncretism. Research of the phenomenon of N.N. Sinelnikov made it possible to illuminate the system of artistic principles of the creator, which fully corresponded to the nature and content of the modern era. It was determined that the musical and theatrical segments of N.N. Sinelnikov’s works are harmonious integrity, that is, they represent musical and theatrical syncretism. Keywords: musical and theatrical syncretism, a creative phenomenon, syncretism, cultural studies, theater, music, musical and theatrical reflection, socio-cultural space.

Монгол-оросын харилцаанд «монгол туургатан»-ы нөлөөлөх хүчин зүйл (= Факторы влияния «монгольского мира» на монголо-российские отношения)

Introduction. The article discusses Mongolian-Russian relations in the 20th century, paying particular attention to the definition of the concept “Mongolian World”, an important instrument of the bilateral relations, which has had a variety of interpretations so far. Analysis, as well as understanding of the five factors that this article indicates are of relevance to serve as tools for further expansion of the bilateral cooperation, including the field of cultural relations, which is naturally in the center of attention of both Russia and Mongolia. The subjects of the “Mongolian World” in the Russian Federation are seen as the research object of the present study, which aims to analyze the concept and to identify its role in the Mongolian-Russian relations. Methods used are general scientific, both empirical and theoretical. The application of comparative-functional and systemic approaches, as well as of modelling and logical parameters, was useful in identifying the essential and content-rich components within the framework of cooperation in the Mongolian world. Conclusions. As a result, the author concludes that the factors of the Mongolian world were instrumental in different periods of history in the interaction of Russia and Mongolia. Also, the article highlights the idea that the factor of the “Mongolian World” is constantly expanding in the bilateral relations.

Cultural diplomacy as the state’s identifier in the context of globalization

The purpose of the article is to reveal the concept of cultural diplomacy as a priority tool for creating globalization at the level of foreign policy. The article reveals the essence of the globalization process, its prospects, and its main goals. The research methodology is based on the complex use of general scientific and specific scientific methods: analytical, historical, conceptual. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive study of the essence of cultural diplomacy in the context of globalization, giving it advantages in the proper coordination of intercultural communication. The study presents the content, tools, and paradigm of diplomatic culture development at the level of the XXI century. Conclusions. The conclusion is made on the need for in-depth study of the cultural diplomacy development in the Ukrainian scientific space in order to strengthen Ukraine's international relations in the process of globalization. Keywords: cultural diplomacy, globalization, political culture, soft power policy, international relations, foreign policy, institutionalization, intercultural communication.