A Model for Studying Socio-political Key Concepts in the History of Contemporary Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-99
Author(s):  
Sima Hassandokht Firooz ◽  
AmirAli Nojoumian ◽  
Negar Davari Ardakani
Keyword(s):  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Origins: Colonies and Statistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-754
Author(s):  
Barbara Arneil
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
English Language ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Mass Survey ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn this address, I examine the lexical, geographic, temporal and philosophical origins of two key concepts in modern political thought: colonies and statistics. Beginning with the Latin word colonia, I argue that the modern ideology of settler colonialism is anchored in the claim of “improvement” of both people and land via agrarian labour in John Locke's labour theory of property in seventeenth-century America, through which he sought to provide an ideological justification for both the assimilation and dispossession of Indigenous peoples. This same ideology of colonialism was turned inward a century later by Sir John Sinclair to justify domestic colonies on “waste” land in Scotland—specifically Caithness (the county within which my own grandparents were tenant farmers). Domestic colonialism understood as “improvement” of people (the “idle” poor and mentally ill and disabled) through engagement in agrarian labour on waste land inside explicitly named colonies within the borders of one's own country was first championed not only by Sinclair but also his famous correspondent, Jeremy Bentham, in England. Sinclair simultaneously coined the word statistics and was the first to use it in the English language. He defined it as the scientific gathering of mass survey data to shape state policies. Bentham embraced statistics as well. In both cases, statistics were developed and deployed to support their domestic colony schemes by creating a benchmark and roadmap for the improvement of people and land as well as a tool to measure the colony's capacity to achieve both over time. I conclude that settler colonialism along with the intertwined origins of domestic colonies and statistics have important implications for the study of political science in Canada, the history of colonialism as distinct from imperialism in modern political thought and the role played by intersecting colonialisms in the Canadian polity.

scholarly journals Cosmovivencia Andina. Vivir y convivir en armonía integral – Suma Qamaña

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simón Yampara Huarachi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

En este trabajo se discuten conceptos claves para la comprensión de la epistemología aymara como parte de un proceso de descolonización que afecta en igual medida a la cultura, la política, la economía y la historia de Bolivia.  El marco en que se realiza la discusión de estas materias (un evento académico en Estados Unidos) obliga además a debatir la naturaleza epistemológica de las relaciones Sur-Norte.This work discusses key concepts for the understanding of an Aymara epistemology as part of a decolonization process that equally affects the culture, politics, economy and the history of Bolivia. The frame in which the discussion of these matters takes place (an academic event in the United States) opens up a  debate on the epistemological nature of the relations South-North. 

Xavier Zubiri’s Metaphysics: Eternal Search Between God and Human

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Yana I. Amelina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

The article is a foreword to the translation of the chapter of the book The Struc­ture of Metaphysics of the Spanish thinker Xavier Zubiri, which was published in 2016. The foreword gives a brief excursion into the publication of this book, which includes both lectures on the structure of metaphysics in 1969 and the philosopher’s manuscript with the same name written a decade later. The struc­ture of metaphysics is fundamentally important for understanding the evolution of Zubiri’s ideas, and it will also be useful to everyone is interested in the history of Western metaphysics, which Zubiri skillfully expounds here from Aristotle to Hegel with an emphasis on the concept of the transcendental. The foreword also gives a short explication of the key concepts of Xavier Zubiri’s philosophy such as: reality, intelligence, essence, time and other concepts, which are necessary to understand the personal position of the philosopher.

scholarly journals Business Enterprise and Globalization: Towards a Transnational Business History

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marten Boon
Keyword(s):  
Transnational History ◽  
Business History ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
New Research

Transnational history emerged strongly as globalization intensified in the 1990s, questioning national historiographies and creating new research agendas. Business history has not been part of this, but recent calls within the field to engage more visibly and authoritatively with debates on the history of globalization warrant a closer inspection of transnational history. The article draws on key concepts from transnational history and discusses their application in the work of, among others, Sven Beckert, Jessica Lepler, Stephanie Decker, Ray Stokes, and Michael Miller. The article argues that transnational history provides opportunities to increase business history's engagement with the history of globalization.

Advancing the Case for Indigenous Education in Multidisciplinary Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
Cynthia Juliana Celestin ◽  
Lynette G. Tyson-Noel
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
21St Century Education ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Education And Development

This chapter addresses the situation where the traditional approach to education involves using foreign concepts and practices to the exclusion of authentic indigenous ideas. The history of Trinidad and Tobago and many islands of the Caribbean includes the rich cultural experiences of the original inhabitants. The authors propose that these cultural artifacts are genuine sources that can be used effectively as instructional approaches in multidisciplinary contexts. To further develop this argument, the researchers explore the concept of indigenous education as opposed to traditional education exemplified by apprenticeship, mentorship, and internship. They cite examples from educators in the Caribbean, New Zealand, and Australia, where indigenous practices are implemented and valued. Key concepts of inclusion, international collaboration, and multidisciplinary perspectives enhanced by digital technologies, underscore this innovative thrust in education. To balance their argument, the authors discuss relevant challenges and suggest ways for minimizing them. The formulation of the Innovative Initiative is framed by the theories and works of Bethel, Bronfenbrenner, Chesney and Bristol, Fullan, Gay, Ladson-Billings, Smith, Vygotsky, and Caribbean researchers such as Craig and Joseph. The chapter concludes with a call for the sustainability of indigenous educational practices as an important thrust in 21st century education and development.

Fighting for the Empire

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-42
Author(s):  
Dónal Hassett
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
Great War ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

This chapter explores the history of military service in Algeria and across the colonial world before and during the Great War. It introduces the reader to key concepts from the fields of colonial history and First World War studies that are crucial to understanding the political legacies of the entanglement of the colonies and, especially, Algeria with the Great War. Taking a comparative approach, it explains the range of legal categories that underpinned colonial rule within the different empires and considers how the rights and responsibilities they implied were connected to and altered by military service. The chapter also examines the variety of attitudes toward the use of colonial soldiers in the different imperial polities and asks how these influenced the expectations of post-war reform in the colonies.

4. Discrimination in Employment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Smith ◽  
Aaron Baker ◽  
Owen Warnock
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Religious Discrimination ◽  
Sexual Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Indirect Discrimination ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Discrimination In Employment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

This chapter discusses anti-discrimination law in the UK in the employment sphere. After providing a brief history of the development of UK discrimination law, it introduces the Equality Act 2010, explaining the forms of discrimination it covers and how it works. Key concepts of equality law are then discussed, such as direct and indirect discrimination and unique mechanisms for proving a discrimination claim. After outlining the remedies available in discrimination actions, the chapter then explores issues specific to discrete grounds of discrimination. This analysis tackles sex-discriminatory dress codes, the problem of what counts as an ‘ethnicity’, and the apparent clash between protections against sexual orientation discrimination and religious discrimination. Finally, the specialized approaches to disability and age discrimination under the Equality Act are explained, rounding out a comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of UK employment discrimination law.

scholarly journals A Recollection of Chinese Bible Translation throughout History—A Sociological Study on Translation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Xizhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Study ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

Under the guidance of Pierre Bourdieu’s reflective sociology theory with the three key concepts, ‘field’, ‘habitus’ and ‘capital’, the author engages in a sociological study of Chinese Bible translation over the past one thousand years by dividing the historical course of Chinese Bible translation into five stages: namely, germination, initiation, prosperity, transition and development, thus outlining the history of Chinese Bible translation.

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Journalism Studies

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Journalism Studies ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Journalism Research

104 scholarly articles Scholarly, public, practitioner, and policymaker interest in journalism is both long-standing and on the rise. It is a field in tremendous flux: social, cultural, economic and technological change is transforming every aspect of news production and consumption. And journalism is facing increased threats around the world today, even in places it once seemed well protected. This collection takes stock of this evolving field, summarizes the development of major themes of research, revisits key concepts and traditional forms and genres of journalism in light of contemporary developments, and to sets out directions for future research. The 104 essays in this encyclopedia fall into six main categories: Key Concepts; Theories and Research Perspectives; the Practice of Journalism; Forms, Genres, and Types of Journalism; Systems and Structures of Journalism; and the Reception of Journalism. The essays in this compendium: • reflect the breadth and depth of contemporary journalism studies and acknowledges the rich history of the field • recognize the global diversity in and around journalism in term of practices, normative frameworks, epistemologies, and others, and takes a globally comparative perspective throughout the volume • trace histories, summarizes state-of-the-art research, and points to avenues for future research • are written to the highest international standards and at the same time is accessible for practitioners, advanced students, and other stakeholders with a particular interest in journalism and journalism research.

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