Poverty, Philanthropy and Social Conditions in Victorian Britain

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Dawn Behrend
Keyword(s):  
Social Conditions ◽  
British Library ◽  
Settlement Houses ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Keyword Searching

Poverty, Philanthropy and Social Conditions in Victorian Britain published by Adam Matthew Digital is comprised of primary digital materials culled from three major archives in Britain and the UK focused on the experience of poverty in Victorian Britain and efforts involving economic, government, and social reform such as the Poor Law, workhouses, settlement houses, and philanthropic initiatives. Content is derived from the National Archives at Kew, British Library, and Senate House Library and includes pamphlets, correspondence, newspaper clippings, books, and other resources. A small portion of the collection utilizes Adam Matthew Digital’s Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) to enable keyword searching of handwritten documents. The digitized images and documents are clear, searchable, and user-friendly to access, save, and share. Contract provisions are standard to the product with authenticated access across institutional locations and guidelines for Interlibrary Loan sharing. Pricing is determined by institutional size and enrollment. While the product is a one-time purchase, annual hosting fees apply for ongoing access. Content is currently heavily derived from one archive, the Senate House Library, with pamphlets from this source making up nearly half of the total holdings. Users seeking access to a more extensive collection of similar material may prefer subscribing to JSTOR which includes JSTOR 19th Century British Pamphlets with over 26,000 pamphlets along with secondary scholarly journals and eBooks on the Victorian era. While not providing the primary sources of Poverty, Philanthropy and Social Conditions in Victorian Britain or JSTOR, Historical Abstracts may be an alternative resource in providing access to notable scholarly resources on the period.

Sex & Sexuality Module II: Self-Expression, Community and Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Dawn Behrend
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
Keyword Searching

Sex & Sexuality, Module II: Self-Expression, Community, and Identity published by Adam Matthew Digital is a collection of digitized primary sources obtained from archives in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia with content from the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries “showing the shifting attitudes and varied experiences of sexuality.” While covering the full range of human sexuality, the collection primarily focuses on the LGBTQ+ experience. This module will be a beneficial resource for academic programs studying gender and human sexuality at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Sex and Sexuality makes use of the artificial intelligence capabilities of Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) to enable keyword searching of handwritten documents. The documents and images in the collection have been meticulously digitized by Adam Matthew Digital making them discoverable, visually appealing, and adjustable. The proprietary interface is intuitive to navigate with the product being compatible with a range of browsers and electronic devices. Contract provisions are standard to the product and permit for use across locations and interlibrary loan sharing. As pricing is primarily determined by size and enrollment, the collection may be affordable for libraries of varying sizes. Users seeking more current, global primary and secondary resources on gender, women's, and LGBTQ+ topics may find ProQuest's GenderWatch a more suitable choice. Those seeking information on sexuality from the sixteenth to mid-twentieth centuries, or a more global perspective from the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries, may prefer modules three and four respectively of Gale's Archives of Sexuality & Gender.

Sex & Sexuality Module I: Research Collections from the Kinsey Institute Library & Special Collections

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Dawn Behrend
Keyword(s):  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Text Recognition ◽  
Interlibrary Loan ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
Keyword Searching

Sex & Sexuality, Module I: Research Collections from the Kinsey Institute Library & Special Collections published by Adam Matthew Digital is a collection of digitized primary sources obtained exclusively from the Kinsey Institute Library & Special Collections dedicated to the study of human sexuality throughout the twentieth century. The collection makes use of the artificial intelligence capabilities of Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) to enable keyword searching of handwritten documents. The documents and images in the collection have been meticulously digitized by Adam Matthew Digital making them discoverable, visually appealing, and adjustable. The proprietary interface is intuitive to navigate with the product being compatible with a range of browsers and electronic devices. Contract provisions are standard to the product and permit for use across locations and interlibrary loan sharing. As pricing is primarily determined by size and enrollment, the collection may be affordable for libraries of varying sizes. Users seeking more current research on gender and women’s studies may find ProQuest’s GenderWatch a more suitable choice, while those seeking information on sexuality from the sixteenth to mid-twentieth centuries may prefer Part III of Gale’s Archives of Sexuality & Gender with both resources providing access to a range of sources beyond that of the Kinsey Institute.

Turns of the centuries. The Transkribus automated tool for recognition, transcription and translation of handwritten historical documents

Babel ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-310
Author(s):  
Miodrag M. Vukčević
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Text Recognition ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
Automated Processing ◽  
Automated Tool

Abstract The translation of handwritten historical documents faces many challenges due to variation in the writing style, local language, and an inevitable language change. Even the transliteration from Cyrillic to Latin characters is standardized by the bijective transliteration standard ISO 9. This presentation introduces a number of tools offered by Transkribus for the automated processing of documents, such as Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) and Document Understanding, which are needed for the translation of historical documents. Next to the problem of decoding handwritten documents, written for example in Kurrentschrift using ancient terminology, changed meanings and different spelling have additionally to be considered during the translation of texts from earlier centuries. Resolution strategies on a case study show different methods for ensuring quality translations.

scholarly journals HTR for Greek Historical Handwritten Documents

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Lazaros Tsochatzidis ◽  
Symeon Symeonidis ◽  
Alexandros Papazoglou ◽  
Ioannis Pratikakis
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Text Recognition ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Neural Network Architecture ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
Historical Manuscripts

Offline handwritten text recognition (HTR) for historical documents aims for effective transcription by addressing challenges that originate from the low quality of manuscripts under study as well as from several particularities which are related to the historical period of writing. In this paper, the challenge in HTR is related to a focused goal of the transcription of Greek historical manuscripts that contain several particularities. To this end, in this paper, a convolutional recurrent neural network architecture is proposed that comprises octave convolution and recurrent units which use effective gated mechanisms. The proposed architecture has been evaluated on three newly created collections from Greek historical handwritten documents that will be made publicly available for research purposes as well as on standard datasets like IAM and RIMES. For evaluation we perform a concise study which shows that compared to state of the art architectures, the proposed one deals effectively with the challenging Greek historical manuscripts.

A Christmas Carol: Disability Conceptualised through Empathy and the Philosophy of ‘Technologically Useful Bodies’

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-191
Author(s):  
Ester Vidović
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Models ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Victorian Period ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The article explores how two cultural models which were dominant in Great Britain during the Victorian era – the model based on the philosophy of ‘technologically useful bodies’ and the Christian model of empathy – were connected with the understanding of disability. Both cultural models are metaphorically constituted and based on the ‘container’ and ‘up and down’ image schemas respectively. 1 The intersubjective character of cultural models is foregrounded, in particular, in the context of conceiving of abstract concepts such as emotions and attitudes. The issue of disability is addressed from a cognitive linguistic approach to literary analysis while studying the reflections of the two cultural models on the portrayal of the main characters of Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol. The studied cultural models appeared to be relatively stable, while their evaluative aspects proved to be subject to historical change. The article provides incentives for further study which could include research on the connectedness between, on one hand, empathy with fictional characters roused by reading Dickens's works and influenced by cultural models dominant during the Victorian period in Britain and, on the other hand, the contemporaries’ actual actions taken to ameliorate the social position of the disabled in Victorian Britain.

Mary, Countess of Derby, and the Politics of Victorian Britain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Davey
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Benjamin Disraeli ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
William Gladstone ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Key Events

Lady Mary Derby (1824–1900) occupied a pivotal position in Victorian politics, yet her activities have largely been overlooked or ignored. A Female Politician places Mary back into the political position she occupied and offers the first dedicated account of her career. Based on extensive archival research, including hitherto neglected or lost sources, this study reconstructs the political worlds Mary inhabited. Her political landscape was dominated by the machinations and intrigues of high politics and diplomacy. As this book uncovers, her political skill and acumen were highly valued by leading politicians of the day, including Benjamin Disraeli and William Gladstone, and she played a significant role in many of the key events of the mid-Victorian era. This included the passing of the Second Reform Act, the formation of Disraeli’s 1874 government, the Eastern Crisis of 1875–1878, and Gladstone’s 1880–1885 government. By exploring how one woman was able to exercise influence at the heart of Victorian politics, this book considers what Mary’s career tells us about the nature of political life in the mid nineteenth century. It sheds new light on the connections between informal and formal political culture, incorporating the politics of the home, letter-writing, and social relations into a consideration of the politics of Parliament and government. A Female Politician is a rich investigation of how a woman, with few legal or constitutional rights, was able to become a significant figure in mid-Victorian political life.

scholarly journals Offline Handwritten Text Recognition Using Deep Learning: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1848 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
Yintong Wang ◽  
Wenjie Xiao ◽  
Shuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Text Recognition ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition

HANDWRITTEN WORD RECOGNITION USING CLASSIFIER ENSEMBLES GENERATED FROM MULTIPLE PROTOTYPES

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 957-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON GÜNTER ◽  
HORST BUNKE
Keyword(s):  
Handwriting Recognition ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Classifier Ensembles ◽  
Multiple Classifier Systems ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Classifier Systems ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Handwritten Text Recognition ◽  
Multiple Classifier ◽  
System 1

Handwritten text recognition is one of the most difficult problems in the field of pattern recognition. In this paper, we describe our efforts towards improving the performance of state-of-the-art handwriting recognition systems through the use of classifier ensembles. There are many examples of classification problems in the literature where multiple classifier systems increase the performance over single classifiers. Normally one of the two following approaches is used to create a multiple classifier system. (1) Several classifiers are developed completely independent of each other and combined in a last step. (2) Several classifiers are created out of one prototype classifier by using so-called classifier ensemble creation methods. In this paper an algorithm which combines both approaches is introduced and it is used to increase the recognition rate of a hidden Markov model (HMM) based handwritten word recognizer.

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