scholarly journals Effect of Endectocides and Antibiotic Dung Poisoning on Mortality of Dung Beetle Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Mubashar Hussain ◽  
Mobeen Ghazanfar ◽  
Muhammad Faheem Malik ◽  
Muhammad Umar ◽  
Misbah Younas
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Glass Containers ◽  
Ecosystem Studies

We explored the effect of endectocides (deltamethrin and trichlorophenol) and antibiotics (enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline) on dung beetle species, 0nthophagus gazella and 0nitis excavatus under laboratory conditions. 0. gazella and 0. excavatus were collected from pastures and crop lands of Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. The selected endectocides and antibiotics were applied on dung pats placed over soil @ 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 ppm and kept in glass containers of 2' x 2' x 1.5' size. The laboratory bioassay was carried out at 28 ± 2 °C temperature and 65 ± 5 % RH with 12:12 of light to darkness ratio. Our results demonstrated that deltamethrin, trichlorophenol and oxytetracycline were toxic to both species, 0. gazella and 0. excavatus after two weeks of the exposure. Comparatively higher dung beetle mortality was recorded in both deltamethrin and trichlorophenol when applied @ 1 ppm as compared to 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 ppm concentrations in 0. gazella and 0. excavatus showed significantly higher mortality against oxytetracycline (53.3 % and 93.3 %, respectively), trichlorophenol (80 % and 94 %, respectively) and deltamethrin  (88% and 76 %, respectively) at 1 ppm concentrations, whereas no mortality was recorded in all concentrations of enrofloxacin. 0. gazella and 0. excavatus responded negatively to the presence of different concentrations of veterinary parasiticides. In addition to the hazardous effect of 0. gazella and 0. excavatus, the study reports that these dung beetle species can be exploited as bio-indicators for environmental assessment in ecosystem studies.  

scholarly journals Correction: The Gut Microbiomes of Two Pachysoma MacLeay Desert Dung Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) Feeding on Different Diets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0165376
Author(s):  
Philippa Z. N. Franzini ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Ramond ◽  
Clarke H. Scholtz ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
Sandra Ronca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species

Biodiversity, conservation, and hotspot atlas of Costa Rica:  a dung beetle perspective (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1457 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERT KOHLMANN ◽  
ÁNGEL SOLÍS ◽  
ORTWIN ELLE ◽  
XINIA SOTO ◽  
RICARDO RUSSO
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Different Levels

This paper is an analysis of the distribution of areas of high species richness and endemicity based on dung beetles living in the different Holdridge life-zones of Costa Rica by using a geographic information system (GIS). Endemism was examined in relation to whether the species were shared with Nicaragua and/or Panama, or if they were strictly Costa Rican. The species composition of dung beetle distributions in the sampling areas and life-zones was evaluated. Species distribution was also analyzed in relation to altitudinal levels. The species richness and endemicity maps served as a base for doing a gap analysis and defining four different levels of high priority conservation areas. We also investigated what percentage of these priority areas is under some type of protection or conservation scheme and which of these areas should be enlarged. Also considered is the feasibility that these areas under protection have for enlargement, considering possible problems and interactions with present land-use. We include a list of all the recorded dung beetle species for Costa Rica, as well as their presence in the different Holdridge life-zones and their endemicity status. This study clearly demonstrates the need to include insects in biodiversity-endemicity studies because different and more detailed results are obtained in relation to vertebrate and plant-based studies.

scholarly journals Two dung beetle species that disperse mimetic seeds both feed on eland dung

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy J. Midgley ◽  
Joseph D.M. White ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Scarabaeus spretus zur Strassen was observed to roll and bury Ceratocaryum argenteum (Restionaceae) seeds in the sandplain fynbos of the Potberg area of the De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa. This species is the second dung beetle species found to be deceived by the faecal mimicry of C. argenteum seeds – the first species being Epirinus flagellatus. An isotopic analysis suggests that both these dung beetle species most likely feed on eland (Taurotragus oryx), not bontebok (Damaliscus pygargus pygargus), dung. Thus the model in this mimicry is eland dung; this interaction suggests large herbivores are an integral part of this fynbos.

Phenotypic differentiation in a resilient dung beetle species induced by forest conversion into cattle pastures

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
C. Soledad Soto ◽  
Mariano I. Giombini ◽  
Victoria C. Giménez Gómez ◽  
Gustavo A. Zurita
Keyword(s):  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation

scholarly journals Framework for Developing Bio-Inspired Morphologies for Walking Robots

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6986
Author(s):  
Peter Billeschou ◽  
Nienke N. Bijma ◽  
Leon B. Larsen ◽  
Stanislav N. Gorb ◽  
Jørgen C. Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Walking Speed ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Object Manipulation ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Legged Robots ◽  
Walking Robots ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaborations

Morphology is a defining trait of any walking entity, animal or robot, and is crucial in obtaining movement versatility, dexterity and durability. Collaborations between biologist and engineers create opportunities for implementing bio-inspired morphologies in walking robots. However, there is little guidance for such interdisciplinary collaborations and what tools to use. We propose a development framework for transferring animal morphologies to robots and substantiate it with a replication of the ability of the dung beetle species Scarabaeus galenus to use the same morphology for both locomotion and object manipulation. As such, we demonstrate the advantages of a bio-inspired dung beetle-like robot, ALPHA, and how its morphology outperforms a conventional hexapod by increasing the (1) step length by 50.0%, (2) forward and upward reach by 95.5%, and by lowering the (3) overall motor acceleration by 7.9%, and (4) step frequency by 21.1% at the same walking speed. Thereby, the bio-inspired robot has longer and fewer steps that lower fatigue-inducing impulses, a greater variety of step patterns, and can potentially better utilise its workspace to overcome obstacles. Hence, we demonstrate how the framework can be used to develop legged robots with bio-inspired morphologies that embody greater movement versatility, dexterity and durability.

Movement and population size of two dung beetle species in an Andean agricultural landscape dominated by sun-grown coffee

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Cultid-Medina ◽  
Bedir G. Martínez-Quintero ◽  
Federico Escobar ◽  
Patricia Chacón de Ulloa
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species
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