Jejunal Lesion Identified at a Previous Anastomosis Site in a Dog Using Capsule Endoscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millie Grimes ◽  
Todd Cohen ◽  
Jill S. Pomrantz
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
History Of ◽  
Focal Abnormality ◽  
Small Intestinal Diverticulum ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis

ABSTRACT A 3 yr old spayed female French bulldog was evaluated for a progressive regenerative anemia of unknown origin that was unresponsive to empiric immunosuppressive and gastroprotective therapy. The patient had a history of previous resection and anastomosis of a small intestinal diverticulum ∼2 yr prior to evaluation for her anemia. Capsule endoscopy revealed a focal abnormality in the distal jejunum at the site of a previous bowel resection and anastomosis. This lesion was suspected to be the cause of ongoing gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. Exploratory laparotomy combined with endoscopy was performed to further investigate and localize the jejunal lesion. The lesion was resected, and a primary end-to-end jejunal anastomosis was performed. Histopathology of the specimen revealed jejunal suture granulomas with focal ulceration. The patient recovered well from surgery with significant improvement of the anemia and resolution of clinical signs at recheck examinations 1 and 2 wk postoperatively. Complete resolution of the anemia was noted at a 6 wk follow-up. The case report demonstrates how, in cases of unknown causes of anemia, capsule endoscopy is a noninvasive method of identifying the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding as a result of lesions that might otherwise not be detectable with abdominal ultrasound or conventional endoscopy. The report also documents a long-term complication to a resection and anastomosis surgery.

Horn-induced traumatic caudoventral abdominal wall hernia management and repair in an adult Highland cow

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e001121
Author(s):  
Caroline Knox Benham ◽  
Vincent Doré ◽  
Pierre-Yves Mulon
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Abdominal Wall Hernia ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis ◽  
Haemorrhagic Diarrhoea

An adult Highland cow weighing 380 kg presented following a five-day history of inappetence, recumbency and trauma inflicted by herd-mates. Physical exam demonstrated significant swelling of the right ventral abdomen with skin excoriations. Abdominal ultrasound of the bulging area indicated significant oedema within pockets, thinning of the right body wall compared with the left side, as well as accumulation of free abdominal fluid. Severe mastitis was noted in three quarters of its udder. The patient was stabilised with intravenous fluids, electrolytes and a belly band. It developed severe, haemorrhagic diarrhoea over the following days, and an exploratory laparotomy was performed. A complete 50 cm-long abdominal wall laceration in the caudoventral right paralumbar fossa was repaired, and jejunal resection and anastomosis performed. The patient recovered with supportive care. Surgical complications included postoperative pneumonia and development of a surgical site infection. The patient maintains good quality of life.

Phlegmonous gastritis in 2 yearling horses

2022 ◽  
pp. 104063872110650
Author(s):  
Julie B. Engiles ◽  
Francisco A. Uzal ◽  
Mauricio A. Navarro ◽  
Virginia B. Reef ◽  
Susan J. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Proliferative Enteropathy ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Phlegmonous Gastritis ◽  
History Of

Phlegmonous gastritis was diagnosed in 2 yearling fillies that were presented with a 1-wk history of fever, lethargy, and hypoproteinemia, associated with a previous diagnosis of equine proliferative enteropathy based on clinical signs and PCR assay detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in fecal samples. Abdominal ultrasound revealed enlargement of the stomach and expansion of its submucosal layer with hypoechoic fluid, as well as thickened hypomotile small intestinal segments. Given the poor prognosis and poor response to treatment, both horses were euthanized, one on the day of presentation and the other after 3 wk of intensive medical management including a combination of antimicrobials, analgesics, and intravenous colloids. At autopsy, acute mural gastritis characterized by severe submucosal edema with suppurative inflammation (i.e., phlegmonous gastritis) and necroulcerative enteritis compatible with the necrotizing form of equine proliferative enteropathy were identified in both horses. The gastric inflammation was associated with thrombosis and mixed bacterial populations, including Clostridium perfringens, that were confined to the submucosa without evidence of mucosal involvement; toxin genes compatible with C. perfringens type C were identified in one case. Human phlegmonous gastritis is an uncommon, often-fatal pyogenic infection that is often associated with mucosal injury, bacteremia, or immunocompromise. Our finding of this unusual gastric lesion in 2 horses with similar signalment, clinical disease, and spectrum of postmortem lesions suggests a similar etiopathogenesis that possibly involves local, regional, or distant hematogenous origin, and should be considered a potential complication of gastrointestinal mucosal compromise in horses.

Stump Pyometra Secondary to Human Topical Estrogen Hormone Exposure in a Spayed Female Chihuahua

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson A. Sterman ◽  
Kelley Thieman Mankin ◽  
Claudia L. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Cervical Stump ◽  
Hormone Exposure ◽  
Thickened Wall

ABSTRACT A 6 yr old female spayed Chihuahua was presented for evaluation of intermittent vulvar discharge, stranguria, and vomiting. This dog had an ovariohysterectomy as a puppy and did not experience any evidence of estrous until 4.5 yr later. The owner had been using a topical hormone replacement therapy (estradiol spray) twice daily for the duration of the dog’s clinical signs of 1 yr. On presentation, the dog had truncal alopecia, comedones, enlarged vulva with a malodorous, and purulent discharge. Bloodwork showed a leukocytosis with a neutrophilia, döhle bodies, and moderate toxic changes. An abdominal ultrasound revealed an enlarged uterine stump with a thickened wall, ovoid projection cranially, and echogenic luminal contents. An exploratory laparotomy identified an enlarged cervical stump. Histopathology revealed chronic suppurative vaginitis with endometritis, necrosis, and intraluminal coccoid bacteria. The dog recovered well from surgery. A baseline estrogen level post operatively was measured at 56.4 pg/mL (<50.0 pg/mL for a spayed bitch), at this time, the dog had been separated from the owner for 7 days. After surgery, the clinical signs disappeared, and the dog’s dermatologic changes improved. This is the first reported case of stump pyometra following exposure to the owner’s topical estradiol replacement medication.

scholarly journals An unusual case of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to fungal infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052096782
Author(s):  
Jianchun Xiao ◽  
Ruopeng Zhang ◽  
Wanqi Chen ◽  
Beizhan Niu
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
History Of

A 63-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with herpes zoster viral infection and intermittent disorder of consciousness. On day 13 of hospitalization for glucocorticoid treatment, the patient experienced seven episodes of hematochezia. She had a 2-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus and had undergone splenectomy at 40 years of age. Computed tomography and electronic endoscopy revealed bleeding and contrast agent leakage into the splenic flexure of the colon. The patient underwent an emergency exploratory laparotomy and left hemicolectomy for suspected active hemorrhaging into the digestive tract. Pathological examination revealed that the bleeding had been caused by a fungal infection. No further hemorrhaging occurred after the surgery, suggesting that intestinal fungal infection might be a potential differential diagnosis for gastrointestinal bleeding in compromised hosts.

scholarly journals A Case of Phosphoglyceride Crystal Deposition Disease in the Pelvic Soft Tissues Recurring after Initial Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Yamada ◽  
Kazuhiro Nishioka ◽  
Hirotaka Kajihara ◽  
Taketoshi Noguchi ◽  
Katsuhiko Naruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Crystal Deposition Disease ◽  
Deposition Disease ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Masses ◽  
History Of

Phosphoglyceride crystal deposition disease (PGDD) is a rare disease entity that is characterized by phosphoglyceride crystal deposition that stimulates the formation of masses in soft tissue scars or bones. We report a case of PGDD in the pelvic soft tissues that recurred after initial surgical treatment. A 50-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for the evaluation of pelvic masses that were observed on an abdominal ultrasound. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed masses in the pelvic region, with the largest being 10 cm in diameter. The masses were diagnosed as ovarian malignant tumors, and an exploratory laparotomy was performed. Operative findings revealed them to be foreign body granulomas, and the patient was diagnosed with PGDD. The patient had a history of cesarean delivery at the age of 24 years. PGDD is extremely rare, but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in patients with a history of abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Tracheal pseudomembrane secondary to aspiration pneumonia in a 6-year-old Ragdoll

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692095997
Author(s):  
Hannah Kwong ◽  
Darren Fry ◽  
Gemma Birnie
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Gentle Traction ◽  
History Of

Case summary A 6-year-old female spayed Ragdoll presented with a 4-day history of acute onset non-productive retching, coughing and anorexia. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry, thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasound were performed. Initially, aspiration pneumonia was suspected owing to an alveolar lung pattern in the right cranial ventral lung lobes seen on radiographs. The cat did not improve with empirical antibiotic therapy. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage were performed. An intraluminal tracheal mass was identified and removed via endoscopic guidance and gentle traction. Histopathology results were consistent with a fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane. The cat was concurrently diagnosed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia, which was confirmed on bronchoalveolar lavage. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also cultured within the pseudomembrane. The cat was received antimicrobial therapy for his Pseudomonas pneumonia. In humans, fibrinous tracheal pseudomembranes occur uncommonly as a complication following endotracheal intubation and rarely due to infectious organisms. As there was no prior history of endotracheal intubation, the development of fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane in this cat was suspected to be secondary to Pseudonomas aeruginosa aspiration pneumonia. Relevance and novel information The present case report is the first to describe a tracheal pseudomembrane in a cat. Bronchoscopy-guided gentle traction and subsequent removal of the tracheal pseudomembrane resulted in a complete resolution of the clinical signs.

Chronic primary splenic torsion with peritoneal adhesions in a dog: case report and literature review

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Weber
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Splenic Torsion ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
Chronic Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair

Primary splenic torsion in dogs is uncommon and can occur in acute or chronic form. The chronic form is difficult to diagnose because the clinical signs are vague and sometimes intermittent. A dog with a history of diaphragmatic hernia repair two years previously presented with chronic, vague clinical signs and an abdominal mass. The mass was revealed to be spleen on ultrasonography. On exploratory laparotomy, the dog was found to have a splenic torsion of approximately 180 degrees with mature, fibrous adhesions retaining the spleen in a torsed position. A splenectomy was performed, and the dog recovered uneventfully with complete resolution of prior clinical signs. Prognosis for dogs with splenic torsion is good, although complications are relatively common.

scholarly journals Renal toxic disease in a cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Alex dos Santos ◽  
◽  
Mariana Martins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
History Of

Clinical History: This 8-month-old, male, mixed breed domestic shorthaired cat had a recent history of acute apathy and anorexia. It remained under hospital care for two days, during which it did not produce any urine. On the second day of hospitalization, another cat from the same household was brought in with similar clinical signs. These cats did not have any history of recent ingestion of antibiotics or other medication. Furthermore, they did not have any street or yard access since they were kept in an apartment. Both cats died spontaneously after a brief hospitalization period. Laboratory Findings: Marked increase of urea and creatinine in both cats was reported (values not informed). On abdominal ultrasound, both cats had perirenal edema, and small amount of free abdominal effusion was observed in this cat. Necropsy Findings: There was moderate amount of translucent, slightly yellowish fluid within the abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity and pericardial sac. There was moderate diffuse pulmonary edema. Moderate perirenal edema was observed bilaterally. The kidneys were diffusely swollen and pale (Fig. 1). On histopathologic exam, the cortical tubular epithelial cells were swollen, with hypereosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclear changes (karyolysis, pyknosis and karyorrhexis). These cells were frequently detached from the basement membrane. Some other tubular epithelial cells were swollen and markedly vacuolated. Accompanying these changes, multiple granular casts filled the tubular lumens in the cortical and medullar regions (Fig. 2).

Urinary bladder rupture due to hemangioma in a dog – case report

2018 ◽  
Vol XXIII (132) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Sayonara da Luz Ferro ◽  
Ewerton Cardoso ◽  
Fernanda Jönck ◽  
Marta Cristina Thomas Heckler ◽  
Bruna Warmlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Metastatic Neoplasm

Hemangioma is a benign, noninvasive and non-metastatic neoplasm originating from endothelial cells of the blood vessels. The involvement of the urinary vesicle with neoplasias occurs in less than 0.5% of dogs. The main clinical signs are hematuria, dysuria, pollakiuria, incontinence and urinary obstruction. The diagnosis is based on imaging tests and is confirmed by histopathological examination. The treatment of choice is surgical resection with safety margins. This paper reports the case of a twelve-year-old Poodle with a history of abdominal pain, which was attended at the Florianópolis Veterinary Hospital. Abdominal ultrasound showed the presence of free fluid. During exploratory laparotomy, the urinary vesicle was observed to be ruptured, presenting a thickened wall and small areas of necrosis. A sample was sent for histopathological analysis and the diagnosis was of benign vascular neoplasia compatible with hemangioma.

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