scholarly journals Most common arrhytmias in patients with spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Andreata Brandão ◽  
Vinícius Andreata Brandão ◽  
Lucas Dalvi Armond Rezende ◽  
Kelly Eduarda de Jesus Silva ◽  
Bruno Henrique Fiorin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Touch Sensitivity

Introduction: The spinal cord injury is a public heatlh problem, and it can have three different origens: traumatic, compressive and congenital. The consequences are partial or total insufficiency of the spinal cord due to the interruption of motor and sensory nervous tracts. This injury results in clinical manifestations such as: autonomic dysreflexia, conduction disorders and loss of pain and touch sensitivity. Objectives: To describe the main cardiac conduction disorders on patients with spinal cord injury trough the guiding question: “What are the most common arrhytmic disorders in patients with spinal cord injury?” Methods: A integrative review was made in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases combining the MeSH descriptors: ‘Arrhytmias, cardiac” and “Spinal cord injuries”. Furthermore, the inclusion criteria was articles produced in the past ten years that answer the guiding question. Results: After na analysis, 6 out of 15 articles were selected to compound this review. The main disorders founded were tachycardia, sinus node dysfunction, atrial and ventricular fibrillation and bradychardia, the most founded disorder. There was also descripted the possibility for these patients to envolve into a distributive choque. Conclusion: Bradycardia was the main arrhythmic impairment found in patients with spinal cord injury, followed by ventricular and atrial fibrillation and tachycardia, with the severity of bradyarrhythmias being associated with the level and severity of the spinal cord injury

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of neurogenic bladder and bowel after spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 603-611
Author(s):  
Jung Hwan Kim ◽  
Jeong-Hwan Seo
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Bladder Pressure ◽  
Clean Intermittent Catheterization ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neurogenic Bowel

Neurogenic bladder and bowel refers to the dysfunction of bladder and bowel caused by neurogenic etiology. Spinal cord injury is a major cause of this dysfunction, which seriously affects the injured person’s quality of life. The injury causes not only motor weakness of abdominal and perineal muscles, but also sensory changes and autonomic dysfunction of bladder and bowel. Spinal cord injuries involve multiple systems, and thus affect the normal functioning of the bowel and bladder in several ways: difficulty in urination and defecation, frequent or infrequent voiding, decrease of the sensation of fullness, incontinence, autonomic dysreflexia, perineal hygiene, deterioration of renal function, fecal impaction, psychological burden, etc. Thus, this review aims to provide updated practical guidance for the evaluation and management of neurogenic bowel and bladder by the clinicians who want to provide better care for their patients. Management of neurogenic bowel and bladder starts with carefully recording the patient’s history, including their bowel habits prior to the spinal injury. In general, evaluation of the neurogenic bladder requires more clinical tests than for the neurogenic bowel. The patients’ problems can be alleviated by adopting various measures: proper daily water and food intake, simultaneous pharmacologic treatments for the bowel and bladder, physiologic reflexes, bladder catheterization, rectal irrigation, surgical measures, etc. Priority should be given to the management of the neurogenic bladder with clean intermittent catheterization and decompression of the bladder pressure, and management of the neurogenic bowel by pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of various factors on the course of neurological disorders in children with spinal cord injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Georgievich Baindurashvili ◽  
Irina Yurievna Solokhina ◽  
Dmitriy Nikolaevich Kokushin ◽  
Sergei Mikhailovich Belyanchikov
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cord Injury

Background. The study of the influence of various factors on the course of recovery of neurological disorders in children with spinal cord injuries is an important and relevant problem. The main causes of thoracic and lumbar injuries of the spine in children are road accidents and catatraumas. Anatomical and physiological features of the spine and spinal cord in children have a significant influence on the nature of spinal cord injury, clinical manifestations of the injury, and method of treatment. The degree of spinal canal deformity at the level of the damaged segment is directly proportional to the severity of the neurological disorder. The time between injury to when surgery is performed will strongly influence the nature and course of recovery of motor functions. Aim. To assess the influence of different factors in pediatric patients with complicated injuries of the spine at the thoracic and thoracolumbar levels on the recovery of neurological disorders. Materials and methods. The analysis of results of the surgical treatment of 36 children (24 boys and 12 girls) aged 3-17 years with damage to the spine and spinal cord in the thoracic spine and thoracolumbar junction, accompanied with neurological deficit in the form of central or peripheral paresis and paralysis, was performed. All patients underwent surgical intervention depending on the type and extent of damage. Clinical methods (i.e., detailed neurological examination) as well as X-ray, CT, and MRI were used as diagnostic methods. Results. The study revealed that the most severe damage concerning neurological disorders in children with spinal cord injury occurs in the thoracic spine. The extent of neurological changes depends not only on the level of damage to the spinal column but also on the magnitude of spinal canal stenosis. Surgery performed in the first hours of the injury leads to a more rapid and full recovery of the neurological deficit. Conclusion. Therefore, this study found that several factors influence the recovery of neurological disorders in children with spinal cord injury: timing of surgery, localization of the injury, spinal stenosis, the nature of lesions of the spinal cord, and the elements involved.

Spinal Cord Injury in Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Drennan ◽  
Maria Vanushkina
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
In Pregnancy

Spinal cord injury is an uncommon complication of pregnancy. But women with spinal cord injuries should be counseled that successful pregnancy is possible. Pregnancies should be planned once the patient has reached optimal functional status. At the outset of pregnancy, complications should be planned for, and an overall functional and routine health maintenance assessment should be evaluated. Providers should pay particular attention to voiding and elimination management, prevention of urinary tract infection, respiratory complications, and autonomic dysreflexia. Urinary complications can be decreased by maintaining a low pressure voiding system as well as addressing urinary tract bacterial colonization. When autonomic dysreflexia is encountered, the source should be identified and eliminated. Proactive management of potential complications leads to successful pregnancies with neonatal outcomes indistinguishable from the general population. The management of acute spinal cord injury should emphasize maternal stabilization. If an acute spinal cord injury occurs in pregnancy, any steps needed to improve the outcome should be undertaken.

Spinal cord injury and pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2110119
Author(s):  
Katherine Robertson ◽  
Felicity Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
Obstetric Population ◽  
Tract Infections

Pregnancy in women with spinal cord injury is considered high risk because it may exacerbate many of their existing problems, including autonomic dysreflexia, spasms, decubitus ulcers, urinary tract infections and respiratory infections. Due to the relative rarity of spinal cord injury in the general obstetric population, clinicians often lack familiarity of these specific problems and the women themselves are usually more experienced in their own management than their obstetric team. However, studies have demonstrated that pregnancy outcomes are generally good with appropriate and experienced obstetric care. In this review, we examine the available literature and provide advice on pre-conception counselling and the antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal management of pregnant women with spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals Exoskeletons, Rehabilitation and Bodily Capacities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357034X2110256
Author(s):  
Denisa Butnaru
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Conditions

Motility impairments resulting from spinal cord injuries and cerebrovascular accidents are increasingly prevalent in society, leading to the growing development of rehabilitative robotic technologies, among them exoskeletons. This article outlines how bodies with neurological conditions such as spinal cord injury and stroke engage in processes of re-appropriation while using exoskeletons and some of the challenges they face. The main task of exoskeletons in rehabilitative environments is either to rehabilitate or ameliorate anatomic functions of impaired bodies. In these complex processes, they also play a crucial role in recasting specific corporeal phenomenologies. For the accomplishment of these forms of corporeal re-appropriation, the role of experts is crucial. This article explores how categories such as bodily resistance, techno-inter-corporeal co-production of bodies and machines, as well as body work mark the landscape of these contemporary forms of impaired corporeality. While defending corporeal extension rather than incorporation, I argue against the figure of the ‘cyborg’ and posit the idea of ‘residual subjectivity’.

scholarly journals Reduction in Bladder-Related Autonomic Dysreflexia after OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment in Spinal Cord Injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (18) ◽  
pp. 1651-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée J. Fougere ◽  
Katharine D. Currie ◽  
Mark K. Nigro ◽  
Lynn Stothers ◽  
Daniel Rapoport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Plasticity of TRPV1-Expressing Sensory Neurons Mediating Autonomic Dysreflexia Following Spinal Cord Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne M. Ramer ◽  
A. Peter van Stolk ◽  
Jessica A. Inskip ◽  
Matt S. Ramer ◽  
Andrei V. Krassioukov
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Cord Injury

Influence of severity and level of injury on the occurrence of complications during the subacute and chronic stage of traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Charlotte Y. Adegeest ◽  
Jort A. N. van Gent ◽  
Janneke M. Stolwijk-Swüste ◽  
Marcel W. M. Post ◽  
William P. Vandertop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Meta Analyses

OBJECTIVE Secondary health conditions (SHCs) are long-term complications that frequently occur due to traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) and can negatively affect quality of life in this patient population. This study provides an overview of the associations between the severity and level of injury and the occurrence of SHCs in tSCI. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Embase that retrieved 44 studies on the influence of severity and/or level of injury on the occurrence of SHCs in the subacute and chronic phase of tSCI (from 3 months after trauma). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS In the majority of studies, patients with motor-complete tSCI (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] Impairment Scale [AIS] grade A or B) had a significantly increased occurrence of SHCs in comparison to patients with motor-incomplete tSCI (AIS grade C or D), such as respiratory and urogenital complications, musculoskeletal disorders, pressure ulcers, and autonomic dysreflexia. In contrast, an increased prevalence of pain was seen in patients with motor-incomplete injuries. In addition, higher rates of pulmonary infections, spasticity, and autonomic dysreflexia were observed in patients with tetraplegia. Patients with paraplegia more commonly suffered from hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and pain. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that patients with a motor-complete tSCI have an increased risk of developing SHCs during the subacute and chronic stage of tSCI in comparison with patients with motor-incomplete tSCI. Future studies should examine whether systematic monitoring during rehabilitation and the subacute and chronic phase in patients with motor-complete tSCI could lead to early detection and potential prevention of SHCs in this population.

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