scholarly journals Putting the Life Back into Livestock in Archaeology

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Reid
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
The City ◽  
Bone Remains

Archaeology has long congratulated itself on the success it has achieved in exploring the domestication of animals. This work was largely undertaken by examining animal bone remains from archaeological sites, studies that encourage a focus on meat consumption. The emphasis on domestication and on direct exploitation leads to the prioritisation of the earlier occurrences of livestock. Thereafter livestock are not regarded as having been significant to human societies. Such perspectives encourage the idea that livestock lack agency. This paper explores three rich examples, each demonstrating the active role that livestock play in creating complex social relationships, in particular emphasising the importance of living animals. Maasai herding systems show that living animals reveal important information about their owners. In nineteenth century London, livestock, for transport as well as consumption, permeated all aspects of life within the city. Finally, the colonisation of Australia was hugely dependent on livestock and they continue to have a great impact on the physical environment and on human social relationships. Collectively, these examples indicate that livestock remain agents into the present day. Archaeology’s inability to consider such dynamics is a failing that needs to be rectified and some suggestions are provided on how this might be achieved.

THEODORE VACQUER AND THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF MODERNITY IN HAUSSMANN'S PARIS

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 157-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
History Of Archaeology ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
The City ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

AbstractThéodore Vacquer (1824–99) was an archaeologist who excavated, directed excavations in and visited all archaeological sites in Paris between the 1840s and his death. In the latter part of his career, he served as assistant curator at what became the Musée Carnavalet, specialising in the Roman and early medieval history of the city. Taking advantage of the reconstruction of the city in the nineteenth century associated with the work of Paris prefect, Baron Haussmann, he was able to locate far more of Roman Paris than had been known before. His findings remained the basis of what was known about the Roman city until a new wave of archaeological excavations after 1950. Vacquer aimed to highlight his discoveries in a magnum opus on the history of Paris from earliest times to ad 1000, but he died with virtually nothing written. His extensive archive still exists, however, and provides the substance for this essay. The essay seeks to rescue Vacquer from the relative obscurity associated with his name. In addition, by setting his life and work in the context of the Haussmannian construction of Paris as the arch-city of modernity it aims to illuminate the history of archaeology, conservation and urban identity in nineteenth-century Paris.

scholarly journals Archeological research in graves of the Church of Saint Elisabeth of Jilemnice, in the light of environmental analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Jan Prostředník ◽  
Vítězslav Kuželka ◽  
Lenka Kovačiková ◽  
Jan Novák
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Wooden Structure ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
The Church ◽  
Bone Remains

Abstract Archaeological research in the area of the chateau park uncovered the relic of the Gothic church of St. Elisabeth, dated to the second half of the 13 th century. It is a single-nave building with a rectangular finish (length 25 m, boat width 13 m, presbytery width 10.5 m). The church probably had an older predecessor - a wooden structure on a stone foundation, dating from the mid-13 th century. At the same time, the church site was a burial place: a grave of a young woman and a 1.5-year-old child, dated 13 th /14 th century were found outside the presbytery wall. In the presbytery, there were 3 graves of men dating back to the 14 th century. It is very likely that these are the Lords of the Wallenstein family. Archaeological research in graves in the Church of St. Elisabeth unearthed a small collection of animal bone remains. The occurrence of bones of young and mature cattle and domestic fowls, which are abundant in the archaeozoological assemblage, indicates the prevailing meat consumption of these animals. The butchering marks on their bones document removal of meat from the carcasses.

scholarly journals ARCHAEOZOOLOGICAL REMAINS FROM THE BAGAEVKA SETTLEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Л. В. Яворская ◽  
Л. Ф. Недашковский
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Large City ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Bone Remains

Изучена коллекция костных остатков животных объемом в 12 936 фрагментов из раскопок Багаевского селища - крупного сельского поселения втор. пол. XIII - XIV в. в Нижнем Поволжье. Использовалась методическая схема, разработанная в Лаборатории естественнонаучных методов ИА РАН. Таксономический набор включает млекопитающих, птиц, рыб, моллюсков. Основное место в коллекции занимают остатки домашних копытных: крупного и мелкого рогатого скота, лошади, свиньи. Анализ мясного потребления на поселении и реконструкция относительной численности домашних копытных в его хозяйственной системе позволяют утверждать, что важным занятием жителей селища было масштабное разведение на мясо крупного рогатого скота для поставок в ближайший крупный город Укек. The paper presents a study of animal bone remains, 12,936 fragments in total, from excavations of Bagaevka, which is a large rural settlement dating to the second half of the 13-14 centuries in the Lower Volga region. The methodological scheme developed in the Laboratory of Scientific Methods in the Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, was used. The taxоnomic set comprises mammals, birds, fish and mollusks. Remains of domesticated ungulates, i.e. large and small horned cattle, horses, and pigs account for the largest part of the collection. The analysis of meat consumption at the settlement and the reconstruction of the relative number of domesticated ungulates in its economic system suggest that large-scale raising of cattle for meat to be supplied to Ukek, a nearby large city, was an important occupation of the settlement’s inhabitants.

scholarly journals Dmytro F. Krasytsky: Archeological and Ethnographic Study of the Region above the Dnipro Rapids

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Zoia Marina ◽  
Oleksandra Romashko
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Contemporary Status ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The City

The materials of the complex archeological and ethnographic expedition in the Dnipro regions by D. F. Krasitsky in 1944–1945 was description in this article. The names of the participants were established, among them employees of the Dnipropetrovsk Historical Museum, experts of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of the USSR and students of the Duma. The attention is drawn to the active role of D. F. Krasitsky, as a manager, in solving various organizational and financial issues for the implementation of scientific and practical tasks facing the expedition. The text sections of the reports, which differ by subject, are analyzed. In particular, it speaks of the following: "Over the Dnipro", "Mirror of the Dnipro" and "Minerals of Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporozhye Oblasts". The first one provides information on archaeological sites, whose location has been established due to the downfall of the Dnipro through the undermining of the dam Dniprges. It emphasizes the cultural peculiarities of time-consuming archaeological sites, describes their contemporary status. The section "Mirror of the Dnipro" is accompanied by a detailed map-scheme of the northern part of the Dnipro, which allows them to be considered as a unique unique reference book. The data of the third section on minerals in the research area indicate a profound knowledge of DF. Krasitsky on this issue. For ethnographic surveys, villages selected near the city of Dnipropetrovsk: Lotsmanskaya Kamyanka, Stary Kaidaki, Voloska, Zvonetsk and Military. 100 respondents from 106 questions from a specific FD were interviewed. Krasitsky theme - "House and in the house". The obtained data of ethnographic observations reflect the transformation of ethnoculture of Ukrainians in the region. The importance and exclusivity of the material collected during the expedition under the direction of DF Krasitsky on the historical, cultural and ethnographic peculiarities of the population of ancient times to the present day have been emphasized.

scholarly journals The British Role in Facilitating Jewish Immigration and Settlement in Jerusalem During the Period 1917 to 1930

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ghazi Fanatel Al-Atnah
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Jewish Immigration ◽  
British Occupation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Jewish Settlement ◽  
Immigration And Settlement ◽  
The City ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The study dealt with the role played by the British authorities in supporting immigration and the Jewish settlement in the city of Jerusalem during the time period extending from 1917 to 1930, the study also dealt with the measures taken by Britain in this aspect since the beginning of the nineteenth century through the British occupation of Jerusalem in 1917 CE, and its issuance of laws and regulations that created conditions for Jewish settlement in the city of Jerusalem. The study concluded that Britain has an active role in pushing the march of Jewish immigration towards the city of Jerusalem and settlement in it.

‘Otherwise in London’ or, the ‘Essence of Things’: Modernity and Estrangement in the Nineteenth-Century Cityscape

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Julian Wolfreys
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
William Wordsworth ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Thomas De Quincey ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Representation ◽  
Robert Southey ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Writers of the early nineteenth century sought to find new ways of writing about the urban landscape when first confronted with the phenomena of London. The very nature of London's rapid growth, its unprecedented scale, and its mere difference from any other urban centre throughout the world marked it out as demanding a different register in prose and poetry. The condition of writing the city, of inventing a new writing for a new experience is explored by familiar texts of urban representation such as by Thomas De Quincey and William Wordsworth, as well as through less widely read authors such as Sarah Green, Pierce Egan, and Robert Southey, particularly his fictional Letters from England.

Palaeolithic Big Game Hunting at HP766 in Wadi Umm Rahau, Northern Sudan

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Gautier ◽  
Daniel Makowiecki ◽  
Henryk Paner ◽  
Wim Van Neer
Keyword(s):  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Game Hunting ◽  
Big Game Hunting ◽  
Bone Remains

HP766, discovered by the Gdansk Archaeological Museum Expedition (GAME) in the region immediately upstream the Merowe Dam in North Sudan and now under water, is one of the few palaeolithic sites with animal bone remains in the country. The archaeological deposits, the large size of the site, the lithics and the radiocarbon dates indicate occupation of a silt terrace of the Nile in late MSA and perhaps LSA times. Large and very large mammals predominate markedly among the recovered bone remains and it would seem that the palaeolithic hunters focused on such game. They could corner these animals on the site which is partially surrounded by high bedrock outcrops. Moreover swampy conditions of the site after the retreat of the annual Nile flood may have rendered less mobile the prey animals. According to this scenario, HP766 would testify to the ecological skills and generational memory of late prehistoric man in Sudan.

Emotional Cities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ben Prestel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Dynamic Transformation ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Between 1860 and 1910, Berlin and Cairo went through a period of dynamic transformation. During this period, a growing number of contemporaries in both places made corresponding arguments about how urban change affected city dwellers’ emotions. In newspaper articles, scientific treatises, and pamphlets, shifting practices, such as nighttime leisure, were depicted as affecting feelings like love and disgust. Looking at the ways in which different urban dwellers, from psychologists to revelers, framed recent changes in terms of emotions, this book reveals the striking parallels between the histories of Berlin and Cairo. In both cities, various authors associated changes in the city with such phenomena as a loss of control over feelings or the need for a reform of emotions. The parallels in these arguments belie the assumed dissimilarity between European and Middle Eastern cities during the nineteenth century. Drawing on similar debates about emotions in Berlin and Cairo, the book provides a new argument about the regional compartmentalization of urban history. It highlights how the circulation of scientific knowledge, the expansion of empires, and global capital flows led to similarities in the pasts of these two cities. By combining urban history and the history of emotions, this book proposes an innovative perspective on the emergence of different, yet comparable cities at the end of the nineteenth century.

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