scholarly journals Archeological research in graves of the Church of Saint Elisabeth of Jilemnice, in the light of environmental analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Jan Prostředník ◽  
Vítězslav Kuželka ◽  
Lenka Kovačiková ◽  
Jan Novák
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Wooden Structure ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
The Church ◽  
Bone Remains

Abstract Archaeological research in the area of the chateau park uncovered the relic of the Gothic church of St. Elisabeth, dated to the second half of the 13 th century. It is a single-nave building with a rectangular finish (length 25 m, boat width 13 m, presbytery width 10.5 m). The church probably had an older predecessor - a wooden structure on a stone foundation, dating from the mid-13 th century. At the same time, the church site was a burial place: a grave of a young woman and a 1.5-year-old child, dated 13 th /14 th century were found outside the presbytery wall. In the presbytery, there were 3 graves of men dating back to the 14 th century. It is very likely that these are the Lords of the Wallenstein family. Archaeological research in graves in the Church of St. Elisabeth unearthed a small collection of animal bone remains. The occurrence of bones of young and mature cattle and domestic fowls, which are abundant in the archaeozoological assemblage, indicates the prevailing meat consumption of these animals. The butchering marks on their bones document removal of meat from the carcasses.

scholarly journals ARCHAEOZOOLOGICAL REMAINS FROM THE BAGAEVKA SETTLEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Л. В. Яворская ◽  
Л. Ф. Недашковский
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Large City ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Bone Remains

Изучена коллекция костных остатков животных объемом в 12 936 фрагментов из раскопок Багаевского селища - крупного сельского поселения втор. пол. XIII - XIV в. в Нижнем Поволжье. Использовалась методическая схема, разработанная в Лаборатории естественнонаучных методов ИА РАН. Таксономический набор включает млекопитающих, птиц, рыб, моллюсков. Основное место в коллекции занимают остатки домашних копытных: крупного и мелкого рогатого скота, лошади, свиньи. Анализ мясного потребления на поселении и реконструкция относительной численности домашних копытных в его хозяйственной системе позволяют утверждать, что важным занятием жителей селища было масштабное разведение на мясо крупного рогатого скота для поставок в ближайший крупный город Укек. The paper presents a study of animal bone remains, 12,936 fragments in total, from excavations of Bagaevka, which is a large rural settlement dating to the second half of the 13-14 centuries in the Lower Volga region. The methodological scheme developed in the Laboratory of Scientific Methods in the Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, was used. The taxоnomic set comprises mammals, birds, fish and mollusks. Remains of domesticated ungulates, i.e. large and small horned cattle, horses, and pigs account for the largest part of the collection. The analysis of meat consumption at the settlement and the reconstruction of the relative number of domesticated ungulates in its economic system suggest that large-scale raising of cattle for meat to be supplied to Ukek, a nearby large city, was an important occupation of the settlement’s inhabitants.

scholarly journals Modern Shoe Buckles from Archaeological Research in Gniew and Piaseczno (Pomerania Province, Poland)

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kulesz ◽  
Jakub Michalik
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Metal Sheet ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Collections ◽  
Cutting Out ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
Thin Metal Sheet ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church

During archaeological research carried out from 2009 to 2016 in the Church of St. Nicholas in Gniew, a set of three metal buckles was found. Then, in 2017, excavations were conducted in crypts of the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the village of Piaseczno, in the Gniew District. Two other pairs of buckles were uncovered at this site. All the buckles found differ considerably. Thanks to this, one can get an impression that apart from holding the shoe on the foot, they also served decorative purposes. One can distinguish two main types of buckles: those made of iron and those made of a copper alloy. The latter, considering ornaments, could be more valuable than their iron counterparts. Regardless of the alloy used, manufacturing techniques differed, some of which were those used in the case of buckles from Gniew and Piaseczno: wire forging, cutting out of thick metal sheet, and folding thin metal sheet. On account of their jewellery-like character, this small collection of buckles discussed could be bequeathed, while most grave shoes were only fastened with tailor’s pins or put on the feet of the dead without fastening. This practice particularly concerned shoes with textile uppers, which mostly meant women’s shoes. It may suggest that the items in question were rather owned by men. The buckles described could be thus elements of the everyday attire. Issues connected with a formal and typological interpretation of the buckles found indicate interpretive problems faced by archaeologists dealing with these aspects of costume studies. Modern shoes, due to the scarcity of artefacts in archaeological collections, remain mysterious and puzzling objects.

scholarly journals Putting the Life Back into Livestock in Archaeology

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Reid
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
The City ◽  
Bone Remains

Archaeology has long congratulated itself on the success it has achieved in exploring the domestication of animals. This work was largely undertaken by examining animal bone remains from archaeological sites, studies that encourage a focus on meat consumption. The emphasis on domestication and on direct exploitation leads to the prioritisation of the earlier occurrences of livestock. Thereafter livestock are not regarded as having been significant to human societies. Such perspectives encourage the idea that livestock lack agency. This paper explores three rich examples, each demonstrating the active role that livestock play in creating complex social relationships, in particular emphasising the importance of living animals. Maasai herding systems show that living animals reveal important information about their owners. In nineteenth century London, livestock, for transport as well as consumption, permeated all aspects of life within the city. Finally, the colonisation of Australia was hugely dependent on livestock and they continue to have a great impact on the physical environment and on human social relationships. Collectively, these examples indicate that livestock remain agents into the present day. Archaeology’s inability to consider such dynamics is a failing that needs to be rectified and some suggestions are provided on how this might be achieved.

Palaeolithic Big Game Hunting at HP766 in Wadi Umm Rahau, Northern Sudan

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Gautier ◽  
Daniel Makowiecki ◽  
Henryk Paner ◽  
Wim Van Neer
Keyword(s):  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Game Hunting ◽  
Big Game Hunting ◽  
Bone Remains

HP766, discovered by the Gdansk Archaeological Museum Expedition (GAME) in the region immediately upstream the Merowe Dam in North Sudan and now under water, is one of the few palaeolithic sites with animal bone remains in the country. The archaeological deposits, the large size of the site, the lithics and the radiocarbon dates indicate occupation of a silt terrace of the Nile in late MSA and perhaps LSA times. Large and very large mammals predominate markedly among the recovered bone remains and it would seem that the palaeolithic hunters focused on such game. They could corner these animals on the site which is partially surrounded by high bedrock outcrops. Moreover swampy conditions of the site after the retreat of the annual Nile flood may have rendered less mobile the prey animals. According to this scenario, HP766 would testify to the ecological skills and generational memory of late prehistoric man in Sudan.

Small Sambaquis and Big Chronologies: Shellmound Building and Hunter-Gatherers in Neotropical Highlands

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levy Figuti ◽  
Cláudia R Plens ◽  
Paulo DeBlasis
Keyword(s):  
Human Bone ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
C Distribution ◽  
Bone Remains

Sambaquis, famous Brazilian coastal shellmounds, represent a successful and long archaeological cultural tradition, with hundreds of sites spread over 2000 km of the Brazilian south-southeast coastline. These sites have many burials within a sequence of layers comprising a mix of faunal remains, charcoal, ashes, and sand, thus resulting in very complex stratigraphic structures. Several radiocarbon samples exhibit ages between 8000 and 1000 cal yr BP. In the Brazilian southeastern coastal hinterland, at the Ribeira de Iguape basin, 36 small mounds similar to the sambaquis were found, composed mostly of landsnail shells, bone remains of terrestrial fauna, lithic and osteodontological artifacts, and quite a few burials. Through the last decade an archaeological research project has accomplished extensive surveys and systematic 14C sampling, together with excavations in selected sites. A sequence of ages has been obtained from different samples (16 on shell, 10 on human bone, and 6 on charcoal) representing 19 sites. These dates range from 10,000 to 1000 cal yr BP, highlighting around 9000 yr of cultural continuity, contemporary to both the Paleoindian record over the hinterland plateau, and older than their coastal counterparts, the sambaquis. By presenting the 14C distribution and an overview of the archaeological features of these sites, we discuss briefly the dispersion and settlement processes of early peopling in this area of Brazil.

DATING OF REMAINS OF THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH SANTA MARIA DI CAMPOGROSSO IN SICILY IN THE LIGHT OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Marek Krąpiec ◽  
Sławomir Moździoch ◽  
Ewa Moździoch
Keyword(s):  
13Th Century ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Multidisciplinary Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
The Church ◽  
Bone Remains

ABSTRACT Excavations of the remains of the medieval church of Santa Maria di Campogrosso (Sicily) were conducted by the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences as part of scientific cooperation with Soprintendenza per i Beni Culturali ed Ambientali di Palermo. Based on the records of post-medieval historians, the construction of the church was placed in the second half of the 11th century, which contradicts the findings of architectural historians, who dated the building to the 13th-century and even later. As a result of archaeological excavations carried out in 2015–2018, it was possible to locate unknown fragments of the church’s structure and the remains of the cemetery adjacent to it. The 14C dating carried out for samples obtained from the walls of the existing building as well as from bone remains from the churchyard in combination with stratigraphic information from archaeological trenches and the chronology of coins indicates a high probability of the church construction in the second half of the 12th century and confirms the end of the monastery complex existence at the end of the 13th century.

scholarly journals ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ZNAMENSKAYA CHURCH IN KHASAVYURT

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-532
Author(s):  
Guguev K. Yuriy ◽  
Artur I. Taymazov ◽  
Askerhan K. Abiev
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Church Studies ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Second Period ◽  
The Church

The article is devoted to the results of exploratory archaeological research on the territory of the Znamenskaya Church in Khasavyurt. To identify and explore the cultural layers we created three test pit a total area of 12 sq. m. Archaeological research revealed the presence in this territory of late cultural layers. Inside the Church (pits # 2 and # 3) they belong to two stratigraphic periods. Chronologically, the first period lasted from the time of the construction of the temple in 1902-1907 gg. before the fire of 1943, the Second period covers the time from the fire of 1943 to the present (beginning of 2000-ies?). In the cultural strata outside the Church (pit No. 1) the fire was not reflected. They also belong to two chronological periods, but one of them covers the time of construction of the temple (1902-1907), and the second – the time of its operation up to the present. Neither inside nor outside the Church studies have revealed any cultural layers and remains prior to the time of its construction.

scholarly journals Application of Inculturation Criteria in Studies on the Indigenous Nature of the Church in Nubia

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-209
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Anna Mich
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
People Of God ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
The People ◽  
Specific Community ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

This article is an attempt to define the relationship between Christianity in Nubia and the local cultures of the Nubian kingdoms of Nobadia and Makuria from the 6th to the beginning of the 16th century, using the inculturation criteria theory associated with the actualization of the Church within a particular culture in light of archaeological research. The mission of the Church must be realized within a specific community of the people of God as well as in its administrative structure and the local hierarchy. The Church’s task is to accomplish its sanctifying, prophetic and teaching mission, which is accomplished through the proclamation of the Gospel, the celebration of sacraments, funeral rites, and teaching of prayer practices. Due to lack of adequate resources, this Church’s prophetic task was omitted. The Church, as archaeological research shows, also contributed to social life and the development of the material culture of the inhabitants of the Middle Nile Valley.

scholarly journals The pathological changes in the hind limb of a horse from the Roman Period

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Janeczek ◽  
A. Chroszcz ◽  
Z. Miklikova ◽  
M. Fabis
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Tarsal Bones ◽  
Septic Inflammation ◽  
Bone Remains

During the archaeological excavation of a multicultural settlement at the Nitra-Chrenova site (south-western Slovakia) an assemblage of animal bone remains was revealed. In one of the settlement features dated to the Roman period a complete horse skeleton was discovered. An investigation was carried out in the hind limb of the horse's skeleton involving macroscopic and radiographic analysis. Exostoses were observed on the tibia, talus, calcaneus, tarsal and metatarsal bones. The articular surfaces were destroyed. The anatomical structure of the talus, calcaneus and tarsal bones was not visible due to new bone formation. Additionally, osteomyelitis was observed in the talus, calcaneus and tarsal bones. It is suggested that the pathological changes developed during the septic inflammation process as a consequence of the complicated wound of the tarsal region or the tarsal joint perforating trauma.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document