Diagnostic Value of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules (IOTA-SR) In Iranian Patients with Ovarian Mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1647-1651
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Babaei ◽  
Mohammadreza Khaleghi ◽  
Manizhe Ataee Kachuee ◽  
Farnaz Ardiyani ◽  
Setare Nassiri
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Iranian Patients

Background: Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate per case. The most important prognostic feature of ovarian cancer is an early diagnosis. The IOTA-SR is an ultrasound exam criterion for classifying benign or malignant ovarian tumors, which could be used effectively by an inexperienced radiologist. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of IOTA-SR in Iranian patients with ovarian tumors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 females enrolled (from 2019-1 to 2019-12). Patients were evaluated with ultrasound by an experienced radiologist. Tumors were classified, as benign or malignant according to the IOTA-SR criteria. After laparotomy, histological and ultrasond examination findings were compared. Results: According to histopathologic results, the prevalence of malignancy was 63.3% (38 malignant and 22 benign tumors). The IOTA-SR could be applied in all the participants as 21 tumors (35%) were classified as benign and 39 (65%) as malignant. Compared with histopathologic results, the IOTA-SR yielded 36 true positives, three false positives, 19 true negatives, and two false negatives. Thus, assessing ovarian mass using IOTA-SR achieved a sensitivity of 94.7%, a specificity of 86.3%, a positive predictive value of 92.3%, a negative predictive value of 90.47%, positive likelihood ratio of 6.91, negative likelihood ratio of 0.091, overall accuracy of 91.6%, and kappa coefficient of 0.819 (P<0.001). Conclusions: IOTA-SR criteria have a high diagnostic value in differentiation of the malignant and benign ovarian tumors and can be applied in daily practice.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽  
Bambang Soebagyo ◽  
Dwi Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Foot Length

Background  Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective  To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods  This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion  Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Single MicroRNAs in Peripheral Blood to Diagnose Ovarian Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yubao Cui ◽  
Shanchao Hong ◽  
Xuming Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen 125

Background. Ovarian cancer is the 5th leading cause of death of women due to cancer in the United States. Although carbohydrate antigen 125 has a moderate diagnostic utility, the phenomenon of false-positive exists. As novel effective biomarkers, some single microRNAs (miRNAs) have diagnostic values for ovarian cancer, but the results lack consistency. In order to precisely and comprehensively assess the diagnostic value of single miRNAs for ovarian cancer, a meta-analysis is performed. Methods. Articles concerning the diagnostic value of single miRNAs for ovarian cancer were searched from databases. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Area under curve (AUC) of the summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve was also calculated. Results. In total, 22 studies including 8 kinds of single miRNAs were enrolled in this paper (6 studies for miR-200c, 3 studies for miR-200a and miR-200b, and 2 studies for miR-205, miR-145, miR-141, miR-429, and miR-125b). For miR-200c, the pooled SEN and SPE were, respectively, 0.768 (95% CI: 0.722-0.811) and 0.680 (95% CI: 0.624-0.732); the pooled PLR and NLR were, respectively, 2.897 (95% CI: 1.787-4.698) and 0.340 (95% CI: 0.276-0.417); the pooled DOR was 8.917 (95% CI: 4.521-17.587); and AUC of SROC curve was 0.815. For miR-200a, the pooled SEN and SPE were, respectively, 0.759 (95% CI: 0.670-0.833) and 0.717 (95% CI: 0.627-0.795); the pooled PLR and NLR were, respectively, 3.129 (95% CI: 0.997-9.816) and 0.301 (95% CI: 0.207-0.437); the pooled DOR was 11.323 (95% CI: 3.493-36.711); and AUC of SROC curve was 0.857. For miR-200b, the pooled SEN and SPE were, respectively, 0.853 (95% CI: 0.776-0.912) and 0.775 (95% CI: 0.690-0.846); the pooled PLR and NLR were, respectively, 4.327 (95% CI: 0.683-27.415) and 0.225 (95% CI: 0.081-0.625); the pooled DOR was 19.678 (95% CI: 2.812-137.72); and AUC of SROC curve was 0.90. For miR-205, miR-145, miR-141, miR-429, and miR-125b, each diagnostic value should be interpreted cautiously because only two studies were included. Conclusions. miR-200c, miR-200a, and miR-200b can be useful diagnostic biomarkers for ovarian cancer. More related studies are needed for miR-205, miR-145, miR-141, miR-429, and miR-125b.

scholarly journals SENSITIVITY AND SPESIFICITY VALUE OF PLATELETS, MALIGNANCY RATIO INDEX AND BOTH COMBINED IN DIAGNOSING OVARIAN CANCER AT GENERAL HOSPITAL HAJI ADAM MALIK MEDAN FROM 2016-2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
YOVITA V. ◽  
TALA MRZ ◽  
DINA S. ◽  
LUMBANRAJA S. N. ◽  
LUBIS D. L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: This research aimed to analyze sensitivity and specificity values of platelets, RMI and both combined as ovarian cancer diagnostic modality in Haji Adam Malik Hospital in 2016-2018. Methods: This is analytic research with a diagnostic test design on 204 patients who had been diagnosed with ovarian cancer and patients with ovary benign tumors which have been examined the value of full blood and the malignancy ratio index and ovarian mass that has been proven by the results of anatomic pathology at General Hospital Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2016-2018. The data is tabulated into 2x2 table and then calculated for each sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Result: By using platelet cut-off value>450000 per mm3 in diagnosing ovarian cancer with sensitivity 55.44% and specificity 83.65% were obtained. IRK has a sensitivity 83.16% and specificity 76.92%. Platelet and IRK values ​​provided the highest diagnostic value (specificity) compared to when they were each single which was 97.11% while the combination of platelet and IRK values ​​had a sensitivity of 49.50%. Conclusion: Platelet and IRK values ​​gives the highest diagnostic value (specificity) compared to when both are used, namely 97.11%.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽  
Bambang Soebagyo ◽  
Dwi Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Foot Length

Background  Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective  To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods  This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion  Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF BIOMARKERS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DEVELOPMENT AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY PERFORMED IN THE CONDITIONS OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
D.I. Krachak ◽  
◽  
◽  
I.P. Klimchuk ◽  
S.V. Mshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency

Objectives. To assess the diagnostic value of urinary lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (uNGAL) as a monomarker, as well as in combination with other indicators, in acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosing in the early postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Material and methods. The analysis of 73 case histories of ICU patients after cardiac surgery in the conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. AKIN criteria were applied to diagnose AKI. The primary end point of the study was the postoperative level of uNGAL, the secondary end point was the indexed value of uNGAL. Results. 31 (42.4%) patients developed AKI (according to AKIN score). uNGAL had a very good level of diagnostic significance in detecting AKI (AUC 0.849, p=0.001) and its optimal cutoff level was more than 48.2 ng/ml within the time frame up to 12 hours after surgery. The diagnostic efficiency of the uNGAL test was: specificity - 88.1%, sensitivity - 67.74%, positive predictive value - 80.8%, negative predictive value - 78.7%, positive likelihood ratio - 5.57, negative likelihood ratio - 0.37. The ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes in the terms up to 12 hours after surgery demonstrated an excellent level of diagnostic value (AUC 0.920, p=0.001). The diagnostic efficiency of this indicator (more than 5.5 μg/1*10<sup>9</sup>) was: specificity - 94.74%, sensitivity - 73.68%, positive predictive value - 93.3%, negative predictive value - 78.3%, positive likelihood ratio - 14.0, negative likelihood ratio - 0.28. Conclusions. The diagnostic capabilities of uNGAL in detecting AKI in the early stages after cardiac surgery exceed the capabilities of serum creatinine traditionally used for this purpose. To improve the efficiency of AKI diagnosis in the early postoperative period, it is possible to use indexed indicators, for example, the ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes level in the patient’s blood.

scholarly journals Results of proteinuria measurement using semiquantitative dipstick in children with fever or nephrotic syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Chatidjah Alaydrus ◽  
Yati Soenarto ◽  
M. P. Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Nephrotic Proteinuria

Background Proteinuria is a major determinant of the progressionof renal disease. Quantitative measurement of proteinuria withina 24-hour period of urine collection was the accepted method ofevaluation, but is tedious and prone to error in the absence of areliable collection. We evaluated the diagnostic value of AUTIONSticks 10 TA to diagnose proteinuria in children with fever andnephrotic syndrome.Methods This study was conducted at the pediatric ward of SardjitoHospital. Proteinuria levels were measured using semiquantitativedipstick methods with AUTION Sticks 10 TA using a 24-hoururine sample collected at the first examination until the followingday. Proteinuria level was also measured by Esbach method as goldstandard.Results A total of 120 children aged 16 years old were recruited. Inthe fever group, AUTION Sticks 10 TA couldn’t be used for thediagnostic test. AUTION Sticks 10 TA +2 to diagnose intermediateproteinuria produced a sensitivity of 60%, a specificity of 89%, apositive predictive value of 43% , a negative predictive value of94%, a positive likelihood ratio of 5.4, a negative likelihood ratio of0.45. To diagnose nephrotic proteinuria, AUTION Sticks 10 TA+3/+4 produced a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 91%, a positivepredictive value of 96%, a negative predictive value of 77%, apositive likelihood ratio of 10, a negative likelihood ratio of 0.11.Conclusion AUTION Sticks 10 TA +2 is sufficiently accuratefor a diagnostic test of intermediate proteinuria (Esbach value)while +3/+4 is sufficiently accurate for a diagnostic test ofnephrotic proteinuria (Esbach value) in children. In the fevergroup, dipstick result can not explain the Esbach value.

scholarly journals Circulating tumour DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis using digital droplet PCR

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199296
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Yanjun Diao ◽  
Jiayun Liu ◽  
Jinjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Droplet Pcr ◽  
Healthy Control

Objective To evaluate the performance of a DNA methylation-based digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay to detect aberrant DNA methylation in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and to determine its application in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The present study recruited patients with liver-related diseases and healthy control subjects. Blood samples were used for the extraction of cfDNA, which was then bisulfite converted and the extent of DNA methylation quantified using a ddPCR platform. Results A total of 97 patients with HCC, 80 healthy control subjects and 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B/C virus infection were enrolled in the study. The level of cfDNA in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group. For the detection of HCC, based on a cut-off value of 15.7% for the cfDNA methylation ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.57% and 89.38%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 85.27%, the positive predictive value was 81.91% and the negative predictive value was 87.20%. The positive likelihood ratio of 15.7% in HCC diagnosis was 7.40, while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.24. Conclusions A sensitive methylation-based assay might serve as a liquid biopsy test for diagnosing HCC.

scholarly journals Misuse of ultrasound for palpable undescended testis by primary care providers: A prospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan C Wong ◽  
Rahul K Bansal ◽  
Armando J Lorenzo ◽  
Jorge DeMaria ◽  
Luis H Braga
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hospital Patients

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Although previous evidence has shown that ultrasound is unreliable to diagnose undescended testis, many primary care providers (PCP) continue to misuse it. We assessed the performance of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for palpable undescended testis, as well as the diagnostic agreement between PCP and pediatric urologists.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a prospective observational cohort study between 2011 and 2013 for consecutive boys referred with a diagnosis of undescended testis to our tertiary pediatric hospital. Patients referred without an ultrasound and those with non-palpable testes were excluded. Data on referring diagnosis, pediatric urology examination and ultrasound reports were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Our study consisted of 339 boys. Of these, patients without an ultrasound (n = 132) and those with non-palpable testes (n = 38) were excluded. In the end, there were 169 pateints in this study. Ultrasound was performed in 50% of referred boys showing 256 undescended testis. The mean age at time of referral was 45 months. When ultrasound was compared to physical examination by the pediatric urologist, agreement was only 34%. The performance of ultrasound for palpable undescended testis was: sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 16%; positive predictive value = 34%; negative predictive value = 100%; positive likelihood ratio = 1.2; and negative likelihood ratio = 0. Diagnosis of undescended testis by PCP was confirmed by physical examination in 30% of cases, with 70% re-diagnosed with normal or retractile testes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Ultrasound performed poorly to assess for palpable undescended testis in boys and should not be used. Although the study has important limitations, there is an increasing need for education and evidence-based guidelines for PCP in the management of undescended testis.</p>

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Interim PET/CT in DLBCL Treated with R-CHOP: Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Sun ◽  
Jinhua Zhao ◽  
Wenli Qiao ◽  
Taisong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Chop Chemotherapy ◽  
Interim Pet ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Objective.We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of interim18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy.Methods.We searched for articles published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Scopus, and Ovid database from inception to March 2014. Articles related to interim PET/CT in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy were selected. PFS with or without OS was chosen as the endpoint to evaluate the prognostic significance of interim PET/CT.Results.Six studies with a total of 605 cases were included. The sensitivity of interim PET/CT ranged from 21.2% to 89.7%, and the pooled sensitivity was 52.4%. The specificity of interim PET/CT ranged from 37.4% to 90.7%, and the pooled specificity was 67.8%. The pooled positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 1.780 and 0.706, respectively. The explained AUC was 0.6978 and theQ*was 0.6519.Conclusions.The sensitivity and specificity of interim PET/CT in predicting the outcome of DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy were not satisfactory (52.4% and 67.8%, resp.). To improve this, some more work should be done to unify the response criteria and some more research to assess the prognostic value of interim PET/CT with semiquantitative analysis.

scholarly journals Classification of Thyroid Nodules with Stacked Denoising Sparse Autoencoder

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zexin Li ◽  
Kaiji Yang ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Chiju Wei ◽  
Peixuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Sparse Autoencoder ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Purpose. Several commercial tests have been used for the classification of indeterminate thyroid nodules in cytology. However, the geographic inconvenience and high cost confine their widespread use. This study aims to develop a classifier for conveniently clinical utility. Methods. Gene expression data of thyroid nodule tissues were collected from three public databases. Immune-related genes were used to construct the classifier with stacked denoising sparse autoencoder. Results. The classifier performed well in discriminating malignant and benign thyroid nodules, with an area under the curve of 0.785 [0.638–0.931], accuracy of 92.9% [92.7–93.0%], sensitivity of 98.6% [95.9–101.3%], specificity of 58.3% [30.4–86.2%], positive likelihood ratio of 2.367 [1.211–4.625], and negative likelihood ratio of 0.024 [0.003–0.177]. In the cancer prevalence range of 20–40% for indeterminate thyroid nodules in cytology, the range of negative predictive value of this classifier was 37–61%, and the range of positive predictive value was 98–99%. Conclusion. The classifier developed in this study has the superb discriminative ability for thyroid nodules. However, it needs validation in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules before clinical use.

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